PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of healing abutment height and measurement angle on implant stability when using Periotest and AnyCheck. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 60 implants were placed into artificial bone blocks. After implant insertion, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm healing abutments were installed on 15 specimens, respectively. Insertion torque value, implant stability test, Periotest value were measured. Insertion torque value was controlled between 45 – 55 Ncm. AnyCheck was used for measuring implant stability test and Periotest M was used for measuring Periotest value. Implant stability test and Periotest value were measured at the angles of 0 and 30 degrees to the horizontal plane. Measured values were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Insertion torque value had no significant difference among groups. When healing abutment height was higher, implant stability test and Periotest value showed lower stability. Also when measurement angle was decreased, implant stability test and Periotest value showed lower stability. CONCLUSION: When measuring stability of implants with percussion type devices, measured values should be evaluated considering height of healing abutments and measurement angle.
Percussion ; Torque

The history of physical diagnosis started with Hippocrates and his school. History taking, inspection, palpation, and sometimes immediate auscultation and examination of the urine are fundamental diagnostic tools. The Hippocratic Corpus and Galen’s authoritative theoretical writings dominate medical thinking for over 1000 years. Clinical examination advances through Vesalius and Morgagni’s discoveries of human dissection (1543) and pathologic anatomy (1761) respectively. The Vienna school through Auenbrugger introduces percussion in 1760. The Paris school formally establishes physical diagnosis with the invention of the stethoscope by Laennec in 1816.
Medical History Taking ; Percussion

The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of chest physiotherapy on the amount of tracheal secretion and PaO2. After changing position of the neurosurgical patients who had tracheostomy cannula, experimental treatments were applied as bellows, manual chest percussion on group I, chest percussion and manual chest vibration on group II, chest percussion and mechanical chest vibration on group III were done. After these trials, we have analyzed the efficacy of each procedures comparing the group differences in the quantity of tracheal secretion and PaO2. Target samples were sixty patients aged between 20 to 60 who have tracheostomy state and decreased consciousness status that were admitted in NICU of a university hospital from June 1 to August 31, 1999. They assigned randomly into three experimental groups. To compare the effect of each interventions, tracheal secretion quantity was measured and PaO2 was analyzed via arterial blood gas analyzer. The data were analyzed by ANCOVA of 5% significance level using SPSS P/C program. The results were as bellows. 1) The first hypothesis " There is a difference in the quantity of the secretion among Group I, Group II and Group III" was accepted.(F=29.27, p=0.00) 2) The second hypothesis "There is a difference in PaO2 among Group I, Group II and Group III" was rejected.(F=1.71,p=0.19) From this study results, positional change and manual chest vibration including chest percussion were the most effective treatment to get maximum amount of tracheal secretion and it was confirmed that mechanical chest vibration also made much better effect than sole chest percussion method. Therefore, we concluded that the mechanical or manual chest vibration with chest percussion is more effective respiratory care method than the sole chest percussion.
Catheters ; Consciousness ; Humans ; Percussion ; Thorax* ; Tracheostomy ; Vibration

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Successful osseointegration of endosseous threaded implants is dependent on many factors. These may include the surface characteristics and gross geometry of implants, the quality and quantity of bone where implants are placed, and the magnitude and direction of stress in functional occlusion. Therefore clinical quantitative measurement of primary stability at placement and functional state of implant may play a role in prediction of possible clinical symptoms and the renovation of implant geometry, types and surface characteristic according to each patients conditions. Ultimately, it may increase success rate of implants. PURPOSE: Many available non-invasive techniques used for the clinical measurement of implant stability and osseointegration include percussion, radiography, the Periotest., Dental Fine Tester. and so on. There is, however, relatively little research undertaken to standardize quantitative measurement of stability of implant and osseointegration due to the various clinical applications performed by each individual operator. Therefore, in order to develop non-invasive experimental method to measure stability of implant quantitatively, the resonance frequency analyzer to measure the natural frequency of specific substance was developed in the procedure of this study. MATERIAL AND METHOD: To test the stability of the resonance frequency analyzer developed in this study, following methods and materials were used: 1) In-vitro study: the implant was placed in both epoxy resin of which physical properties are similar to the bone stiffness of human and fresh cow rib bone specimen. Then the resonance frequency values of them were measured and analyzed. In an attempt to test the reliability of the data gathered with the resonance frequency analyzer, comparative analysis with the data from the Periotest was conducted. 2) In-vivo study: the implants were inserted into the tibiae of 10 New Zealand rabbits and the resonance frequency value of them with connected abutments at healing time are measured immediately after insertion and gauged every 4 weeks for 16 weeks. RESULTS: Results from these studies were such as follows: The same length implants placed in Hot Melt showed the repetitive resonance frequency values. As the length of abutment increased, the resonance frequency value changed significantly (p<0.01). As the thickness of transducer increased in order of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mm, the resonance frequency value significantly increased (p<0.05). The implants placed in PL-2 and epoxy resin with different exposure degree resulted in the increase of resonance frequency value as the exposure degree of implants and the length of abutment decreased. In comparative experiment based on physical properties, as the thickness of transducer increased, the resonance frequency value increased significantly(p<0.01). As the stiffness of substances where implants were placed increased, and the effective length of implants decreased, the resonance frequencies value increased significantly (p<0.05). In the experiment with cow rib bone specimen, the increase of the length of abutment resulted in significant difference between the results from resonance frequency analyzer and the Periotest.. There was no difference with significant meaning in the comparison based on the direction of measurement between the resonance frequency value and the Periotest. value (p<0.05). In-vivo experiment resulted in repetitive patternes of resonance frequency. As the time elapsed, the resonance frequency value increased significantly with the exception of 4th and 8th week (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The development of resonance frequency analyzer is an attempt to standardize the quantitative measurement of stability of implant and osseointegration and compensate for the reliability of data from other non-invasive measuring devices. It is considered that further research is needed to improve the efficiency of clinical application of resonance frequency analyzer. In addition, further investigation is warranted on the standardized quantitative analysis of the stability of implant.
Humans ; Osseointegration ; Percussion ; Rabbits ; Radiography ; Ribs ; Tibia ; Transducers

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study were to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of canalith repositioning maneuver (CRP) according to accompanying mastoid percussion and to investigate the prognostic factors that may affect successful repositioning maneuver and the recurrence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A total of 70 patients with canalith type BPPV visiting the dizziness clinic of Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital were included in this study. Variables identified for statistical analysis were patient's age, sex, maneuver method, number of involved canal, number of CRP and dizziness handicap inventory. RESULT: Overall success rate of CRP was 90%. The mean number of maneuver was 1.6 and the recurrence rate was 25.7% during the follow up period. Success rate of CRP (94.9%) was higher than maneuver without mastoid percussion (83.9%) though it was not statistically significant. Successful CRP group showed the significant less number of maneuvers at initial treatment session and less number of involved canal than failed CRP group at the time of one week-follow up visit. Patients with recurrence of BPPV had the more number of CRP during the period of previous BPPV. CONCLUSION: Therapeutic efficacy of CRP with mastoid percussion was higher than CRP without mastoid percussion though it was not statistically significant. Suggesting prognostic factors for effective CRP and recurrence were number of CRP and number of involved canal.
Dizziness ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mastoid ; Percussion ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Vertigo*

Traumatic brain injury could be used to describe all injuries to the brain caused by external mechanical forces. It shows a variety of clinical manifestations from mild to severe forms and can result to death. Moderate to severe injuries can produce disabilities on physical, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects. Animal models of traumatic brain injury have been developed to reproduce characteristics of human brain injury, to understand molecular and cellular pathophysiology and neurobehavioral outcomes following trauma and to find out the promising pharmacological drugs or rehabilitative skills to treat. This article reviewed the current experimental traumatic brain injury models, including weight drop, fluid percussion, and controlled cortical impact, and also the neurobehavioral assessments that are most commonly used to measure loss of function.
Animals ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Percussion

OBJECTIVE: There has been some existing problems with the electrical reflex hammer. The occurrence of pressure build up with percussion and change of hammering points is one example. In order to make improvements on this device, we conducted studies with a newly designed percussion instrumental stimulator. METHOD: The data collected from the first group was based on the manual percussion of electrical reflex hammer on the patella ligament. The data collected from the second group by usage of a newly designed instrumental stimulator maintained steady pressure and time and target position on the electrical reflex hammer. Comparisons were made between the two group. RESULTS: Our single measure of latency and amplitude on the manual and instrumental percussion group resulted in the reliability of 84.67%, 91.23%, 73.63%, and 83.29%. The 10 repeated measure of latency and amplitude on the manual and instrumental percussion group resulted in the reliability of 99.95%, 99.97%, 99.90%, and 99.94%. CONCLUSION: From our experiment on the tendon reflex, we found out that it is important to have an instrumental stimulator that can maintain steady pressure while it is applying percussion to accurate data. On manual percussion, it is important to obtain data based on mean value of repeated measurements.
Ligaments ; Patella ; Patellar Ligament* ; Percussion* ; Reflex* ; Reflex, Stretch

Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation(IPV), developed by Forrest M. Bird, M.D., delivers high flow mini-bursts of air along with bronchodilator to the lung at a rate of more than 200 times per minute and has the theoretical potential for aiding in expectoration of secretions through internal percussion. To evaluate effects of IPV on respiratory therapy, we compared IPV with conventional chest physical therapy in patients with excess or retained pulmonary secretions. The results are follows. 1) There were no significant differences among the experimental group with respect to blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate. 2) Arterial oxygen tension was significantly increased after IPV. 3) ICU stay was slightly shortened in the experimental group as compared with that in the control group. However, there was no statistical significance. These results indicate that IPV may be effective in respiratory care of patients with excess or retained airway secretions.
Birds ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Lung ; Oxygen ; Percussion ; Respiratory Rate ; Respiratory Therapy ; Thorax ; Ventilation*

A revascularization procedure was shown to be the best alternative therapy for immature teeth with necrotic pulp and apical infection. A 12 year old female with a history of trauma to her upper central incisor and a sinus tract was referred for endodontic treatment. She was an active orthodontic patient and had undergone regenerative endodontic treatment for the past 2 years. Clinical examination revealed no response to sensibility, percussion, and palpation tests. The preoperative radiograph showed an open apex and apical rarefaction. The case was diagnosed as previously treated tooth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis. Regenerative endodontic retreatment was performed, and the case was followed for 3 years. Clinical, radiographic, and cone-beam computed tomography follow-up examination revealed an asymptomatic tooth, with evidence of periapical healing and root maturation.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incisor* ; Palpation ; Percussion ; Periapical Periodontitis ; Retreatment* ; Tooth

BACKGROUNDS: Percutaneous radiofrequency neurotomy of posterior primary ramus has been in use as a treatment for persistent, mechanical low back pain for two decades. However, there has been limited studies regarding to prognostic factors related to outcome. We report our experience with at least 2-year follow up with special aftention on prognostic factors. METHODS: Of total 228 patients who underwent percutaneous radiofrequency neurotomy (PRN) of posterior primary ramus for refractory low back pain during last 3 years, 128 patients whose pain was considered to be originated from facets joints or their surrounding soft tissue and responded to temporary blocks were assigned to a group II. All patients had more than 6 months of pain. These patients were compared with 100 patients to whom PRN were provided for chronic nonspecific low back pain without all inclusion criteria (Group I). RF procedures were done under local anesthesia with C-arm intensifier guidance. Pain reliefs were estimated at 1week, 1month, 6months and 2 years using visual analog scale(VAS). For patients with more that 50% reduction of previous pain was regarded as positive responder. Various clinical variables such as age, sex, symptom duration, types of pain, bilaterality, and previous surgery were studied for prognostic factors. RESULTS: Positive responders were 56% at 1week, 46% at lmonth, 18% at 6months, and 13% at 2years after PRN in group I, and 78.9% at lweek, 75.4% at lmonth, 62.5% at 6months, and 54.7% at 2years in group II. Some variables were found to be significantly related to outcome including prominent local tenderness, percussion tenderness, combination of symptoms with pain on gefting up, extension, transitional movement, pain radiating to buttock and/or posterior thigh, and good immediate response. Age, sex, symptom duration, bilaterality, imaging study results, previous lumbar surgery, and degrees of pain relief from diagnostic block were not related to outcome. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that PRN of posterior primary ramus has a moderate overall long-term beneficial effect, with no morbidity in our series. But, the long-term good results will be anticipated only in properly selected patients with low back pain originating from facet joints and surrounding structures.
Anesthesia, Local ; Buttocks ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Low Back Pain* ; Percussion ; Thigh ; Zygapophyseal Joint