BACKGROUND/AIMS: Two percent glutaradehyde has been the reference disinfectant for high-level disinfection, but often requires long period of exposure up to 45 minutes. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of a new endoscope disinfectant that uses 0.2% peracetic acid, and to compare the culture-positive rate in each different endoscopes and washers used. MEHTODS: Three endoscopes and two washers that differed in purchase year were used. They were cleansed manually and disinfected with peracetic acid for 10 minutes. A total of 86 gastroduodenal endoscopic sessions were included in the study. RESULTS: Overall culture-positive rate was 37.2%, majority of which came from washings of biopsy channel. There was a significant difference in culture-positive rate according to the machine used. Culture positive rate was 11.4% in recently purchased endoscope and washer used. Of the 28 Helicobactor pylori positive cases, there was one Helicobactor pylori DNA PCR positive case, but no Helicobactor pylori was found. CONCLUSIONS: When new endoscope and washer is used, peracetic acid is effective as a disinfectant. Significant difference in culture rate according to the different machine used might come from the aging effect and difference of cleansing power of the washer.
Aging ; Biopsy ; Disinfection* ; DNA ; Endoscopes* ; Peracetic Acid* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of paracetic acid (PAA) and ozone disinfection on the tensile bond strength (TBS) of silicone-based resilient liners to acrylic resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty dumbbell shaped heat-polymerized acrylic resins were prepared. From the mid segment of the specimens, 3 mm of acrylic were grinded off and separated parts were reattached by resilient liners. The specimens were divided into 2 control (control1, control7) and 4 test groups of PAA and ozone disinfection (PAA1, PAA7, ozone1 and ozone7; n=10). While control groups were immersed in distilled water for 10 min (control1) and 7 days (control7), test groups were subjected to PAA (16 g/L) or ozone rich water (4 mg/L) for 1 cycle (10 min for PAA and 60 min for ozone) per day for 7 days prior to tensile tests. Measurements of the TBS were analyzed using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test. RESULTS: Adhesive strength of Mollosil decreased significantly by application of ozone disinfection. PAA disinfection had no negative effect on the TBS values of Mollosil and Molloplast B to acrylic resin. Single application of ozone disinfection did not have any negative effect on TBS values of Molloplast B, but prolonged exposure to ozone decreased its adhesive strength. CONCLUSION: The adhesion of resilient liners to acrylic was not adversely affected by PAA disinfection. Immersion in ozonated water significantly decreased TBS of Mollosil. Prolonged exposure to ozone negatively affects adhesion of Molloplast B to denture base materials.
Acrylic Resins ; Adhesives ; Denture Bases ; Disinfection* ; Immersion ; Ozone* ; Peracetic Acid ; Water

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of peracetic acid (EndoPA®; Firson Co., Ltd., Cheonan, Korea) in disinfecting endoscopes. METHODS: We prospectively investigated the gastroscopes (Part I) utilized in 100 gastroscopic examinations and colonoscopes (Part II) utilized in 30 colonoscopic examinations after disinfecting them with 0.2% peracetic acid (EndoPA®; Firson Co., Ltd.). These instruments had been collected consecutively throughout the study period. We reprocessed and disinfected the endoscopes according to the guidelines for cleaning and disinfecting gastrointestinal endoscopes laid down by the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in 2017. Three culture samples were obtained from each examination, based on different sampling methods. The primary outcome was a positive culture rate. RESULTS: In Part I of our study, two of 300 samples were positive. The culture positive rate after disinfection was 0.7% (2/300). The culture positive rate was not significantly different based on the exposure time to EndoPA® or the age of the scopes (p=0.7 or 0.2, respectively). In Part II of our study, all samples (n=90) were negative. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that 0.2% peracetic acid (EndoPA®) appears to be a good disinfectant for both gastroscopes and colonoscopes.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Colonoscopes ; Disinfection* ; Endoscopes* ; Endoscopes, Gastrointestinal ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Gastroscopes ; Peracetic Acid* ; Prospective Studies

OBJECTIVES: Due to the heterogeneous receptor distribution and changes of receptor status over time, the biochemical measurement of estrogen receptor status of biopsy specimens is not sufficient to diagnose breast cancer. As a result, I-123 labeled estradiols have been applied for the diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to develop a suitable radioligand for imaging estrogen receptor-positive human breast tumors. METHODS: Among the various estradiol derivatives, 17alpha-[123I]iodovinyl estradiol ([123I]IVE) has been prepared from 17alpha-ethynyl estradiol. Labeling of E-17alpha-[123I]iodovinyl estradiol (E-[123I]IVE) was carried out using peracetic acid with [123I]NaI and Z-[123I]IVE labelling was archived using chloamine- T/HCl solution with [123I]NaI. Labeling yield was determined by silica thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and radiochemical purity was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The biodistribution of E-[123I]IVE was measured in immature female rats at 60 min, 120 min and 300 min after injection. RESULTS: The labeling yield of two isomers was 92% and 94% (E-[123I]IVE and Z-[123I]IVE, respectively). The radiochemical purity was more than 98% after purification. The highest uptake was observed at 120 min in uterus (3.11% ID/g for E-[123I]IVE). CONCLUSION: These results suggest the possibility of using E-[123I]IVE as an imaging agent for the evaluation of the presence of estrogen receptor in patients with breast cancer.
Animals ; Biopsy ; Breast Neoplasms ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Diagnosis ; Estradiol* ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans ; Peracetic Acid ; Rats ; Silicon Dioxide ; Uterus

Adult ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Male ; Peracetic Acid ; toxicity

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Burns, Chemical ; etiology ; nursing ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; injuries ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peracetic Acid ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

Administration, Oral ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peracetic Acid ; administration & dosage ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; diagnosis ; therapy

BACKGROUND: The proper use of disinfectants has been a major issue in infection control programs. We performed a survey to evaluate the current usage of disinfectants in Korea. METHODS: A questionnaire was e-mailed to 95 hospitals that had infection control programs and data were collected between 10 and 28 October 2005. The questionnaire included questions about whether the hospital had official procedures for selection and use of disinfectants and an education program for proper use; also included were questions about the general characteristics of the hospitals. The types of disinfectants consisted of antiseptics and disinfectants for medical devices, endoscopes, and environments. The questionnaire was analyzed using SPSS 12.0 program. RESULTS: Thirty-nine (41.1%) of the 95 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. Thirty-six hospitals (84.6%) had an official decision making process in selecting disinfectants in their hospitals. Ten percent povidone iodine (PVI) (94.9% for central line) and alcohol (92.3% for peripheral line) were commonly used for skin preparation for intravenous catheterization. Most hospitals used 10% PVI for clean wound (97.4%), dirty/infected wound (94.8%) and sore wound (61.5%); 3% H2O2 (43.6%) for dirty/infected wound; and saline (25.6%) for sore wound. Waterless alcohol handrubs were used in general ward (92.3%), ICU (97.4%), and OR (43.6%). Over the 60% of the hospitals used sodium hypochlorites for cleansing the floors and bathrooms of patients' rooms. As a disinfectant for endoscopes, peracetic acid (40-60%) was used the most frequently, followed by orth-pthalaldehyde (25-36%), and superoxidized water (8-23%). Most hospital followed the manufactures' guidelines on the exposure time of gastroscopes to disinfectants such as orth-pthalaldehyde (100%) and peracetic acid (96%). But, some hospitals re-used peracetic acid (12.0%) and superoxidized water (28.6%) for a longer duration than was recommended by the manufacturers. Fifty to eighty percents of the hospitals used tap water for rinsing endoscopes after disinfection, and only about 80% of these dried with alcohol after rinsing. Most hospitals (84.6%) had teaching sessions for the proper use of disinfectants more than once a year. CONCLUSION: The current use of disinfectants has been improved since 1999 in its suitability and appropriateness Proper use of disinfectants ensures the safety of invasive and non-invasive medical processes; therefore, the current guidelines for disinfection should be strictly followed by the hospital. And continuous staff education will facilitate the correct use of disinfectants.
Anti-Infective Agents, Local ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Decision Making ; Disinfectants* ; Disinfection ; Education ; Electronic Mail ; Endoscopes ; Gastroscopes ; Infection Control ; Korea* ; Patients' Rooms ; Peracetic Acid ; Povidone-Iodine ; Skin ; Sodium ; Water ; Wounds and Injuries ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo determine the susceptibilities of M. tuberculosis H37Ra and M. chelonei subsp. absecessus to several frequently-used disinfectants and to evaluate the practicability of surrogating M. tuberculosis by the latter.

METHODSA suspension quantitative bactericidal test was set up in accordance with Chinese Technique Standard for Disinfection to evaluate the susceptibility of each mycobacteria strain to each selected disinfectant. Killing log value was used as criterion in comparing the susceptibility to disinfectants between the two strains.

RESULTSM. chelonei subsp. abscessus was more resistant to chlorine disinfectant than M. tuberculosis while the two strains were similarly resistant to iodophor disinfectant, peracetic acid, alcohol and glutaraldehyde disinfectant.

CONCLUSIONM. chelonei subsp. abscessus has the potential to surrogate M. tuberculosis in evaluating mycobactericidal efficacies of disinfectants.

Alcohols ; pharmacology ; Bacteriological Techniques ; Chlorine Compounds ; pharmacology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Disinfectants ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Glutaral ; pharmacology ; Iodophors ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mycobacterium Infections ; Mycobacterium chelonae ; drug effects ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; drug effects ; Peracetic Acid ; pharmacology ; Time Factors

Severe cases infected with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), named by the World Health Organization (WHO) on Feb. 11, 2020, tend to present a hypercatabolic state because of severe systemic consumption, and are susceptible to stress ulcers and even life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment constitute an irreplaceable part in the handling of severe COVID-19 cases. Endoscopes, as reusable precision instruments with complicated structures, require more techniques than other medical devices in cleaning, disinfection, sterilization, and other reprocessing procedures. From 2016 to 2019, health care-acquired infection caused by improper endoscope reprocessing has always been among the top 5 on the list of top 10 health technology hazards issued by the Emergency Care Research Institute. Considering the highly infective nature of COVID-19 and the potential aerosol contamination therefrom, it is of pivotal significance to ensure that endoscopes are strictly reprocessed between uses. In accordance with the national standard "Regulation for Cleaning and Disinfection Technique of Flexible Endoscope (WS507-2016)," we improved the workflow of endoscope reprocessing including the selection of chemicals in an effort to ensure quality control throughout the clinical management towards COVID-19 patients. Based on the experience we attained from the 12 severe COVID-19 cases in our hospital who underwent endoscopy 23 times in total, the article provides an improved version of endoscopic reprocessing guidelines for bedside endoscopic diagnosis and treatment on COVID-19 patients for reference.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Betacoronavirus ; China ; Coronavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Cross Infection ; prevention & control ; Disinfection ; methods ; Endoscopes ; virology ; Equipment Contamination ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Peracetic Acid ; Personal Protective Equipment ; Pneumonia, Viral ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Sterilization ; methods ; Workflow