Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic degenerative osteoarthropathy of uncertain etiology. The aim of our study was to identify changes in C-telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II), pyridinoline (PYD), and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) among KBD patients. 54 KBD patients and 78 healthy controls were included this study. Urinary samples were collected and measured by ELISA. The median quantities of PYD, CTX-II, and DPD of KBD patients were 1107.73 ng/μmol.cre, 695.11 ng/μmol.cre, and 1342.34 pml/μmol.cre, while the median quantities of healthy controls were 805.59 ng/μmol.cre, 546.47 ng/μmol.cre, and 718.15 pml/μmol.cre, respectively. The differences between KBD patients and healthy controls were statistically significant (Z = 4.405, 3.653, and 3.724; P < 0.001). The higher levels of PYD, CTX-II, and DPD detected in KBD patients indicate that they could be used as biomarkers of KBD.
Adult ; Amino Acids ; urine ; Biomarkers ; urine ; China ; Collagen Type II ; urine ; Female ; Humans ; Kashin-Beck Disease ; diagnosis ; urine ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptide Fragments ; urine

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological evidence has shown that serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations, a diagnostic biomarker for heart failure, are positively associated with cardiovascular risk. Since NT-proBNP in serum is excreted in urine, it is hypothesized that urinary NT-proBNP concentrations are correlated with serum concentrations and linked with cardiovascular risk in the general population. METHODS: A total of 3060 community-dwelling residents aged ≥ 40 years without history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were followed up for a median of 8.3 years (2007-2015). Serum and urinary concentrations of NT-proBNP at baseline were compared. The hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between NT-proBNP concentrations and the risk of developing CVD were computed using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: The median values (interquartile ranges) of serum and urinary NT-proBNP concentrations at baseline were 56 (32-104) pg/mL and 20 (18-25) pg/mL, respectively. There was a strong quadratic correlation between the serum and urinary concentrations of NT-proBNP (coefficient of determination [R CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that urinary NT-proBNP concentrations were well-correlated with serum concentrations and were positively associated with cardiovascular risk. Given that urine sampling is noninvasive and does not require specially trained personnel, urinary NT-proBNP concentrations have the potential to be an easy and useful biomarker for detecting people at higher cardiovascular risk.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers/urine* ; Cardiovascular Diseases/urine* ; Female ; Heart Failure/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Japan/epidemiology* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/urine* ; Peptide Fragments/urine* ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Assessment

Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablet (TLXNET) is a patented prescription, which comes from modified Xionggui decoction and can improve cognitive function. However, its effect on the urine metabolites and anti-dementia mechanism in the dementia model rats induced by hippocampal injection with Aβ25-35 remains unclear. The experiment focused on the changes in trajectory and inter-relationship among the urinary metabolite of rats in the blank group, Aβ25-35 hippocampal injection dementia model group and the TLXNET intervention group, in order to determine theirs characteristic metabolic markers and explain the anti-dementia effect of TLX-NET base on the change of metabolic trajectory of these bio-markers. According to the experimental results, 5, 6-indolequinone, 4-hydroxyphenyl pyruvic acid (4-HPPA), cortisol and 3-thiosulfate lactic were preliminarily identified as the characteristic metabolic markers. They mainly participate in dopamine system, glucocorticoids and energy metabolic pathways. TLXNET can apparently downregulate the disturbances of metabolic trajectory of the four bio-markers. The experiment indicates that the dementia model induced by injecting Aβ25-3 into hippocampus has its characteristic endogenous metabolic markers in urine, and ELXNET can ameliorate dementia by down-regulating the disturbances of metabolic trajectory.
Amyloid beta-Peptides ; metabolism ; toxicity ; Animals ; Biomarkers ; urine ; Dementia ; drug therapy ; urine ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Peptide Fragments ; metabolism ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tablets ; administration & dosage ; Urine ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the dynamic change in biochemical markers of bone turnover in preterm infants and the effect of early parenteral calcium supply.

METHODSForty preterm infants were divided into parenteral calcium supply group and control group. Blood and urine samples were collected at 24 h and 11 d after birth. Serum osteocalcin (OC) was measured with ELISA, serum carboxyterminal telopeptide type I collagen (ICTP) with radioimmunoassay, serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP), calcium, phosphate, and urine calcium, phosphate, creatinine with automatic biochemical analyzer. Blood samples were also collected from 22 term infants as control. Calcium gluconate (10%, 4 ml/kg x d(-1)) was administered intravenously in parenteral calcium supply group.

RESULTAt 24 h, serum AKP, ICTP [(147.86+/- 44.87)IU, (57.36+/- 6.34)micro g/L] in preterm infants were significantly higher than those [(147.86+/- 44.87)IU, (57.36+/- 6.34)micro g/L] in term infants, and negatively correlated with gestational age and birth weight (r =-0.528, P<0.01; -0.614, P< 0.01), but serum OC [(648.77+/- 238.89) nmol/L] in preterm infants was lower than that [(851.68+/- 238.69)nmol/L] of term infants, and positively correlated with gestational age and birth weight (r=0.359, P< 0.05; 0.376, P< 0.01). At 11 day, serum OC [947.25+/- 335.47)nmol/L] in preterm infants was markedly elevated and reached the level of term infants [(941.65+/- 297.28)nmol/L], but serum ICTP [(65.44+/- 6.24)micro g/L] in preterm infants was higher than that [(57.10+/- 3.48)micro g/L] in term infants all along. Serum AKP [(246.00+/-66.64)IU] in parenteral calcium supply group was higher than that [(206.53+/- 53.9)IU] in the control group. There were no significantly differences in serum OC and ICTP between parenteral calcium supply group and the control group. Calcium in serum and urine was elevated, phosphate in serum and urine was reduced in the parenteral calcium supply group. Urine analysis and kidney ultrasounds were normal.

CONCLUSIONThere is active bone formation and bone resorption in preterms as compared with terms. Alone parenteral calcium supply during early life can not increase formation of bone protein or decrease degradation of bone collagen, but can elevate serum calcium and urine calcium levels. Hematuria and renal calcification were not found in short duration.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; blood ; Bone and Bones ; metabolism ; Calcium ; administration & dosage ; blood ; urine ; Collagen Type I ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Osteocalcin ; blood ; Peptide Fragments ; blood ; Peptides ; Procollagen ; blood

OBJECTIVEThis report aims to describe the oxidative damage profile in brain of presenilin1 and presenilin2 conditional double knockout mice (dKO) at both early and late age stages, and to discuss the correlation between oxidative stress and the Alzheimer-like phenotypes of dKO mice.

METHODSThe protein level of Abeta(42) in dKO cortex and free 8-OHdG level in urine were measured by ELISA. Thiobarbituric acid method and spectrophotometric DNPH assay were used to determine the lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in cortex, respectively. SOD and GSH-PX activities were assessed by SOD Assay Kit-WST and GSH-PX assay kit, separately.

RESULTSSignificant decrease of Abeta(42) was verified in dKO cortex at 6 months as compared to control mice. Although lipid peroxidation (assessed by MDA) was increased only in dKO cortex at 3 months and protein oxidation (assessed by carbonyl groups) was basically unchanged in dKO cortex, ELISA analysis revealed that free 8-OHdG, which was an indicator of DNA lesion, was significantly decreased in urine of dKO mice from 3 months to 12 months. Activities of SOD and GSH-PX in dKO and control cortices showed no statistical difference except a significant increase of GSH-PX activity in dKO mice at 9 months.

CONCLUSIONOxidative damage, especially DNA lesion, was correlated with the neurodegenerative symptoms that appeared in dKO mice without the deposition of Abeta(42). Triggers of oxidative damage could be the inflammatory mediators released by activated microglia and astrocytes.

Age Factors ; Alzheimer Disease ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; urine ; Animals ; Deoxyguanosine ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Glutathione ; metabolism ; Hydrazines ; metabolism ; Lipid Peroxidation ; genetics ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred CBA ; Mice, Knockout ; physiology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; physiology ; Peptide Fragments ; urine ; Presenilin-1 ; deficiency ; Presenilin-2 ; deficiency ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

This study was conducted to determine if nasal salmon calcitonin has additional beneficial effects on clinical symptoms, serum NO, IL-1beta, matrix metalloproteinase 3, urinary C-terminal telopeptide type II collagen (CTX-II) levels and MRI findings in knee osteoarthritis (OA) when used concomitantly with exercise therapy. Fifty female patients with knee OA were randomized into two groups. The first group (n = 30) received 200 IU/day nasal salmon calcitonin and a home exercise program; the second group (n = 20) received a home exercise program for 6 months. Compared with baseline,while significant improvements were observed in visual analogue scale (VAS), WOMAC pain, physical function scores, 20-m walking time (P < 0.001) and WOMAC stiffness score (P = 0.041) in the first group, walking and resting VAS, and WOMAC physical function scores were improved (P = 0.029) in the second group after treatment. Significantly increased levels of serum NO and urinary CTX-II (P < 0.001) and significant improvements in the area of medial femoral condyle (P < 0.05) were noted only in the first group. There were significant differences in VAS activation values (P = 0.032) and NO levels (P < 0.001) in the favor of the first group. In conclusion, nasal salmon calcitonin may have possible chondroprotective effects besides its known effects on symptoms in patients with knee OA.
Aged ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/*therapeutic use ; Calcitonin/*therapeutic use ; Collagen Type II/urine ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta/blood ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/blood ; Middle Aged ; Nitric Oxide/blood ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/*drug therapy/radiography ; Peptide Fragments/urine ; Respiratory Therapy ; Severity of Illness Index ; Treatment Outcome ; Walking

This study was conducted to determine if nasal salmon calcitonin has additional beneficial effects on clinical symptoms, serum NO, IL-1beta, matrix metalloproteinase 3, urinary C-terminal telopeptide type II collagen (CTX-II) levels and MRI findings in knee osteoarthritis (OA) when used concomitantly with exercise therapy. Fifty female patients with knee OA were randomized into two groups. The first group (n = 30) received 200 IU/day nasal salmon calcitonin and a home exercise program; the second group (n = 20) received a home exercise program for 6 months. Compared with baseline,while significant improvements were observed in visual analogue scale (VAS), WOMAC pain, physical function scores, 20-m walking time (P < 0.001) and WOMAC stiffness score (P = 0.041) in the first group, walking and resting VAS, and WOMAC physical function scores were improved (P = 0.029) in the second group after treatment. Significantly increased levels of serum NO and urinary CTX-II (P < 0.001) and significant improvements in the area of medial femoral condyle (P < 0.05) were noted only in the first group. There were significant differences in VAS activation values (P = 0.032) and NO levels (P < 0.001) in the favor of the first group. In conclusion, nasal salmon calcitonin may have possible chondroprotective effects besides its known effects on symptoms in patients with knee OA.
Aged ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/*therapeutic use ; Calcitonin/*therapeutic use ; Collagen Type II/urine ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta/blood ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/blood ; Middle Aged ; Nitric Oxide/blood ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/*drug therapy/radiography ; Peptide Fragments/urine ; Respiratory Therapy ; Severity of Illness Index ; Treatment Outcome ; Walking