Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) may be involved in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers through suppression of fibrinolysis. This study was designed to investigate associations of t-PA and PAI-1 genes with clinical features of the patients with bleeding gastric ulcers. Eighty-four patients with peptic ulcers and 100 controls were studied between January 1998 and April 2000. We used polymerase chain reaction and endonuclease digestion to genotype for 4G/5G polymorphism in the promoter region of the PAI-1 gene and the Alurepeat insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in intron h of the t-PA gene. Various clinical features, including lesion site, bleeding event, recurrence of ulcer, and rebleeding, were assessed using a multiple logistic regression model. The genotype distributions of both the t-PA and PAI-1 genes did not differ between the patient and control groups. The occurrence of the I/D or D/D genotype of t-PA was significantly higher in cases of duodenal ulcer (adjusted OR=4.39, 95% CI=1.12-17.21). When a dominant effect (i.e., 4G/4G or 4G/5G versus 5G/5G) of the 4G allele was assumed, the PAI-1 4G/4G genotype was independently associated with rebleeding after hemostasis (adjusted OR=5.07, 95% CI=1.03-24.87). Our data suggest that t-PA gene polymorphism is associated with duodenal ulcers, and that the PAI-1 gene may be a risk factor leading to recurrent bleeding after initial hemostasis.
Adult ; Aged ; Alu Elements/genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Duodenal Ulcer/complications ; Duodenal Ulcer/genetics* ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Human ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/etiology ; Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/genetics* ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/genetics* ; Polymorphism (Genetics)* ; Promoter Regions (Genetics)/genetics ; Recurrence ; Sequence Deletion ; Stomach Ulcer/complications ; Stomach Ulcer/genetics* ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator/genetics*

No abstract available.
Female ; Gastric Mucosa/*metabolism ; Helicobacter Infections/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Peptic Ulcer/*genetics ; *Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*genetics

The genetic status of cagA, vacA subtype, iceA1, and babA, and the relationship to gastroduodenal diseases were assessed in Helicobacter pylori isolates in Korea. Seventy-six strains of H. pylori were isolated from the antrum and the corpus of 41 adult patients (22 with peptic ulcer and 19 with gastritis). The cagA, iceA1, and babA genes were assessed by polymerase chain reaction and the vacA subtypes were determined by reverse hybridization-line probe assay. The positive rates of 349-bp cagA, 208-bp cagA, iceA1, and babA genes were 97.4%, 96.1%, 84.2%, and 36.1%, respectively. The vacA s1a, s1b, s1c, and s2 variants were detected in 11.8%, 3.9%, 80.4%, and 1.3%, respectively. m1 (78.9%) is more prevalent than m2 (5.3%). The most common vacA genotype was s1c/m1 (61.9%), and 14 isolates (18.4%) contained mixed vacA genotypes from a single biopsy specimen. Twenty-one (60%) of 35 patients were infected with more than two strains of different cagA, iceA1, babA, and vacA genotypes. None of cagA, iceA1, babA, and vacA s1/m1 were associated with peptic ulcer. In conclusion, most H. pylori isolates in Korea carry cagA, iceA1, and vacA s1c/m1 genes, and reside with multiple strains. These genes do not correlate with the peptic ulcer in the Korean patients.
Adult ; Aged ; Bacterial Proteins/*genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Helicobacter pylori/*classification/genetics/pathogenicity ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Peptic Ulcer/*etiology/microbiology

The vacuolated effect of Helicobacter (H. pylori) and its relationship to vacuolated cytotoxin antigen (VacA) were investigated by the method of cytotoxic test and SDS-pobyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Of the 62 clinical isolates, the broth culture filter (BCF) of 43 strains caused the Vero cell intracytoplasmically vacuolated. H. pylori strains were divided into H. pylori (Toxin+) group with vacuolated effect and H. pylori (Toxin-) group without vacuolated effect. The analysis of the BCF of H. pylori (Toxin+) and that of H. pylori (Toxin-) was studied by SDS-PAGE and Scan reader. A kind of protein with 87 ku molecular weight was recognized in the BCF of 30.23% (13/43) H. pylori (Toxin+) strains but in none of that of H. pylori (Toxin-) strains, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was a significant and concordant relationship between OD of the protein band with 87 ku molecular weight and titer of vacuolated activity of H. pylori (Toxin+) (r = 0.67 and P < 0.05 by linear regression analysis). H. pylori strains were divided into H. pylori (Toxin+) group with vacuolated effect and H. pylori (Toxin-) group without vacuolated effect. The vacuolated effect of H. pylori (Toxin+) was caused by the protein with 87 ku molecular weight (VacA).
*Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Genotype ; Helicobacter Infections/*microbiology ; Helicobacter pylori/*genetics ; Peptic Ulcer/*microbiology ; Stomach Diseases/microbiology ; Vacuoles

BACKGROUND: Determination of vacA mosaicism may be important because specific Helicobacter pylori vacA genotype can be used to predict different clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of vacA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori to cagA status and its development of peptic ulcer diseases in Korean patients. METHODS: Gastric biopsy specimens were obtained from 53 patients with gastric ulcer(GU), 57 with duodenal ulcer (DU) and 26 with chronic gastritis(CG) patients; all patients were infected with Helicobacter pylori. Bacterial mRNAs in the gastric mucosa were amplified by RT-PCR, using synthetic oligonucleotide primers specific for the vacA and the cagA gene. Patients with vacA s1 subtype were further examined to determine whether they had s1a or s1b subtype. RESULTS: There was no correlation in frequency of vacA s1 and/or s1a genotype between CG and either GU or DU, as the vacA s1 and s1a/m1 were present in the majority of strains independent of clinical status(s1 ; 100.0% versus 94.3 % or 93.0 % and s1a/m1 ; 76.9% versus 62.3% or 64.9%, res pectively). Likewise, there was no difference in the prevalence of the cagA gene between CG and either GU or DU patients (92.3% versus 90.6% or 98.2%, respectively). In addition, the cagA-negative status did not predict the presence of vacA s2 genotype. CONCLUSION: These results strongly suggest that either cagA or vacA s1 and/or s1a is not proved to be a useful marker to distinguish disease-specific Helicobacter pylori strains for the development of peptic ulcer diseases in Korean patients.
Adolescence ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bacterial Proteins/analysis* ; Base Sequence ; Biopsy, Needle ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Chronic Disease ; Duodenal Ulcer/pathology ; Duodenal Ulcer/genetics ; Female ; Gastritis/pathology ; Gastritis/genetics ; Genotype ; Helicobacter Infections/pathology ; Helicobacter Infections/genetics* ; Helicobacter pylori/genetics* ; Human ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Age ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptic Ulcer/pathology ; Peptic Ulcer/genetics* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Probability ; Prognosis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stomach Ulcer/pathology ; Stomach Ulcer/genetics ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Tissue Culture

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution of babA2 cagA and vacA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) in chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer and to discuss the relationship between babA2, cagA and vacA genotypes of Hp and chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer.

METHODSbabA2, cagA genotypes and vacA subtype of 58 Hp strains isolated from patients of Zhejiang province with chronic gastritis or peptic ulcer were tested by polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSThe positive rates of babA2, cagA, vacAs1a, vacA m1 and vacA m2 of 58 Hp strains were 87.9%, 100%, 93.1%, 1.7% and 65.5%, respectively. There were no significant differences between the positive rates of babA2, vacA s1a and vacA m2 genes of Hp strains isolated from patients with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer.

CONCLUSIONThe genotypes of Hp isolated from patients of Zhejiang province were predominatly babA2 positive, cagA positive and vacA s1a/m2. The relationships between babA2, cagA and vacA genotypes of Hp and chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer can not be identified.

Adhesins, Bacterial ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; Chronic Disease ; Gastritis ; microbiology ; Genotype ; Helicobacter pylori ; genetics ; Humans ; Peptic Ulcer ; microbiology

The vacuolated effect of Helicobacter (H. pylori) and its relationship to vacuolated cytotoxin antigen (VacA) were investigated by the method of cytotoxic test and SDS-pobyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Of the 62 clinical isolates, the broth culture filter (BCF) of 43 strains caused the Vero cell intracytoplasmically vacuolated. H. pylori strains were divided into H. pylori (Toxin+) group with vacuolated effect and H. pylori (Toxin-) group without vacuolated effect. The analysis of the BCF of H. pylori (Toxin+) and that of H. pylori (Toxin-) was studied by SDS-PAGE and Scan reader. A kind of protein with 87 ku molecular weight was recognized in the BCF of 30.23% (13/43) H. pylori (Toxin+) strains but in none of that of H. pylori (Toxin-) strains, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was a significant and concordant relationship between OD of the protein band with 87 ku molecular weight and titer of vacuolated activity of H. pylori (Toxin+) (r = 0.67 and P < 0.05 by linear regression analysis). H. pylori strains were divided into H. pylori (Toxin+) group with vacuolated effect and H. pylori (Toxin-) group without vacuolated effect. The vacuolated effect of H. pylori (Toxin+) was caused by the protein with 87 ku molecular weight (VacA).
Adolescent ; Adult ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Helicobacter Infections ; microbiology ; Helicobacter pylori ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptic Ulcer ; microbiology ; Stomach Diseases ; microbiology ; Vacuoles

OBJECTIVETo investigate cagA, vacA and iceA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) isolated from children suffering from gastric and duodenal diseases in Shanghai and to explore a possible genotype-phenotype correlation.

METHODSFrom May 2007 to January 2008, 59 children were confirmed with Hp infection by gastroscopy. Biopsied specimens were taken from the gastric antrum. cagA, vacA and iceA genes were determined by PCR. The histological changes in the gastric mucosa were evaluated. The levels of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in the gastric mucosa were measured using ELISA.

RESULTScagA, vacAs1/m1, vacAs1/m2, iceA1 and iceA2 were found in 65%, 19%, 40%, 63% and 19% of H. pylori strains, respectively. Both iceA1 and iceA2 were detected in 9% of strains. There were no statistical differences in the distribution of various genotypes between the children with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer. No association was observed between the genotypes and the degree of inflammation of gastric mucosa. There were no significant differences in levels of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in the gastric mucosa infected by different genotypes of H. pylori strains.

CONCLUSIONScagA/vacAs1/m2/iceA1 may be the commonest genotype combination of H.pylori in children from Shanghai. That there was no association between H.pylori genotypes and clinical variables suggests the potential role of host and environment factors in the development of clinical diseases at a later life.

Adolescent ; Antigens, Bacterial ; genetics ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastritis ; microbiology ; Genotype ; Helicobacter pylori ; classification ; genetics ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; analysis ; Interleukin-4 ; analysis ; Male ; Peptic Ulcer ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of cagA, vacA, and iceA genotypes in the isolated strains of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) from children with gastroduodenal diseases in Jiangxi, China, as well as the association between cagA, vacA, and iceA genotypes and the type of gastroduodenal diseases.

METHODSThe samples of gastric antral mucosa were collected from 316 children with gastroduodenal diseases in Jiangxi, and a total of 107 strains of H.pylori were isolated. The genomic DNA of these strains was extracted, and PCR was used to determine the ureA, cagA, vacA, and iceA genotypes.

RESULTSOf all the 107 isolated strains of H.pylori, the detection rates of ureA and cagA genes were 100% (107/107) and 94.4% (101/107) respectively. The overall detection rate of vacA gene was 100% (107/107), and the detection rates of vacAs1a, vacAs1c, vacAm1, and vacAm2 genes were 74.8% (80/107), 25.2% (27/107), 29.9% (32/107), and 69.2% (74/107) respectively, with both vacAm1 and vacAm2 genes detected in 0.9% (1/107) of all H.pylori strains. In the chimera of vacA gene, the detection rates of vacAs1a/m1, vacAs1a/m2, vacAs1c/m1, and vacAs1c/m2 genes were 26.2% (28/107), 51.4% (55/107), 3.7% (4/107), and 17.8% (19/107) respectively (P<0.001). The detection rates of iceA1 and iceA2 genes were 79.4% (85/107) and 9.3% (10/107), respectively (P<0.001), and both iceA1 and iceA2 genes were detected in 7.5% (8/107) of all strains. The detection rates of the genotypes of H.pylori showed no significant differences between the peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, and duodenal bulbar inflammation groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe dominant genotypes of H.pylori are cagA, vacAs1a/m2, and iceA1, and there are mixed infections with H.pylori strains of different genotypes in children with gastroduodenal disease from Jiangxi, China. The genotypes of H.pylori are not associated with the type of gastroduodenal disease.

Adolescent ; Antigens, Bacterial ; genetics ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastritis ; microbiology ; Genotype ; Helicobacter pylori ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Peptic Ulcer ; microbiology

Antigens, Bacterial ; genetics ; metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; Gastritis ; pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Helicobacter Infections ; microbiology ; pathology ; Helicobacter pylori ; genetics ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Peptic Ulcer ; microbiology ; pathology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction