OBJECTIVE： To explore the effects of different primary processing methods on quality change of Polygonatum sibiricum， and to optimize primary processing method of P. sibiricum with different grades and shapes. METHODS： After processed with different drying methods， boiling method and steaming method， sulfuric acid-phenol method was used to determine the contents of indicator component P. sibiricum polysaccharide in samples. The contents of ethanol-soluble extract， water-soluble extract and total ash were investigated. The optimal primary processing methods were screened. RESULTS： After processed with different methods， the contents of polysaccharide （≥7％）， ethanol-soluble extract （≥45％） and total ash （≤4％） of samples at all levels conformed to the requirements of the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （part Ⅰ）； from aspect of drying method， microwave drying method was better than oven drying method；for P. sibiricum with different morphologies （individual and lamellar）， the quality of lamellar samples of P. sibiricum was better than that of individual P. sibiricum. As primary processing method， steaming was better than boiling. The contents of P. sibiricum polysaccharide were in relatively high level， when the steaming and boiling time of gradeless and uniformly-priced goods of P. sibiricum were 20 and 15 minutes respectively. CONCLUSIONS： By discussing the different primary processing methods， high-efficient primary processing method for the individual and lamellar samples of P. sibiricum as well as gradeless and uniformly-priced goods of P. sibiricum are preliminarily obtained， which can provide a scientific basis for the effective utilization of P. sibiricum resources.