The clinical data of 239 inpatients with type 2 diabetes in Endocrinology Department of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January to February 2017 were collected. A total of 170 subjects were included in the final analysis. One diabetes-specific vertebral facture risk estimation called risk score for vertebral fracture was used to estimate the risk of vertebral fracture. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to calculate the association of serum uric acid with risk of vertebral fracture. The mean age of subjects in final analysis was 56.5±26.4 years old, with the duration of diabetes 8.6±7.1 years and the vertebral fracture risk score 5.6±4.0. Additionally, there was a negative linear correlation between serum uric acid and vertebral fracture risk score in patients with type 2 diabetes( Ptrend=0.021) independent of age, gender, systolic blood pressure, HbA 1C, course of diabetes, obesity status, total cholesterol, and estimated glomerular filtration rate( P=0.033). Multivariate linear regression indicated that age, course of diabetes, blood pressure, total cholesterol, serum albumin, T score at femoral neck were related to the vertebral fracture risk score.