Objective To observe the effects of long-term low dose arsenic exposure through drinking water on learning ability of different generations of C3H and Balb/c mice.Methods Mice (C3H and Balb/c) were exposed to arsenic at 0 mg/L (control) and 85 mg/L (20 female mice and 10 male mice per group).The control group and F1,F2,F3 and F4 mice were selected and divided into 5 experimental groups,8 mice in each group.Their offsprings were detected by the Morris water maze test (the average escape latency of 1 to 5 days) and spatial probe test (the times of through target area on the sixth day).Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 18.0 software.Results The average escape latencies of 1 to 5 days in C3H control group were (48.09 ± 2.63),(46.09 ± 3.27),(42.72 ± 3.29),(39.31 ± 2.69) and (36.75 ± 3.92) s,F1 were (49.59 ± 3.29),(47.34 ± 3.01),(44.28 ± 6.58),(44.50 ±1.67) and (42.16 ± 2.27) s,F2 were (51.41 ± 0.78),(48.88 ± 1.45),(45.54 ± 1.46),(43.94 ± 1.69) and (42.22 ± 3.27) s,F3 were (50.91 ± 4.20),(49.78 ± 5.18),(48.03 3.45),(46.16 ± 4.42) and (44.06 ± 1.04) s,F4 were (52.66 ± 4.60),(52.38 ± 5.78),(49.06 ± 1.22),(47.69 ± 2.34) and (46.47 ± 1.56) s.The average escape latencies of Balb/c control group were (50.91 ± 2.84),(47.03 ± 4.22),(45.56 ± 4.53),(39.72 ± 5.90) and (36.22 ± 4.85) s,F1 were (50.47 ±3.20),(48.25 ± 6.53),(47.13 ± 1.25),(43.72 ± 4.27) and (40.66 ± 4.52) s,F2 were (51.31 ± 4.73),(48.88 ± 1.53),(46.56 ± 1.43),(44.25 ± 1.16) and (41.20 ± 3.79) s,F3 were (51.72 ± 3.54),(50.78 ± 4.45),(45.03 ± 3.56),(41.19 ±5.63) and (42.81 ± 6.29) s,F4 were (53.34 ± 4.60),(52.34 ± 2.77),(48.72 ± 5.92),(46.97 ± 7.38) and (44.94 ± 1.75) s.On the fourth and fifth days of F1,F2,F3 and F4 generations of C3H,the escape latencies between generations were significantly different (all P ＜ 0.05).The times of through target area in the sixth day of the C3H control group and F1,F2,F3 and F4 mice were 2.25,1.75,1.63,1.50 and 1.38,Balb/c were 2.13,1.75,1.63,1.38 and 1.13.Conclusion Arsenic accumulation due to serial passage of C3H and Balb/c through long-term low doses arsenic exposure through drinking water has resulted in decreased learning and memory ability.

Objective:To study effects of neuroligin (NLG) on the proliferation and apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.Methods:The SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in vitro for 24 hours,and then transfected with NLG siRNA at dose of 50,100,200 μmol/L,respectively.MTT procedure was used to detect the cell proliferation,and expression levels of apoptosis gene including Bax or Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl were measured by RT-PCR.Results:Compared to control groups proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells were distinctly inhibited after NLG siRNA transfection accompany with a dose-dependent,which was caused by activation of apoptosis.Conclusions:NLG protect neuron by inhibiting apoptosis.

We constructed transgenic chicken bioreactor vector, driven by chicken ovalbumin promoter, lentiviral vector and cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter control vector encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) and luciferase (Luc) as reporter genes. The three vectors were used to transfect or infect chicken primary oviduct epithelial cells, embryo fibroblasts cells, mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes cells and bovine mammary epithelial cells. High efficient and specific expression vector for transgenic chicken bioreactor was determined by detecting fluorescence and luciferase activity. Reporter gene analysis showed that chicken ovalbumin promoter expression vector was not cell type-specific in these four different cells. Additionally, luciferase reporter analysis illustrated that the chicken ovalbumin promoter activity was over 100 times lower than that of the CMV promoter in four different cells. Both of these two reporter genes were expressed in those four different cells infected by lentiviral expression vectors. Similarly, the GFP reached the similar expression level in cells infected by lentivirus and cells transfected with CMV promoter plasmid vectors when the multiplicity of infection was 20. In conclusion, the transgenic chicken bioreactor vector under the control of chicken ovalbumin promoter was not highly efficient and cell type-specific. However, the efficient expression and extensiveness oflentiviral vector could be used for studying chicken oviduct bioreactor.
3T3-L1 Cells ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Cattle ; Chickens ; genetics ; Cytomegalovirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Luciferases ; genetics ; Mice ; Ovalbumin ; genetics ; Oviducts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Transfection

Background Idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor (IOIP) is a commom orbital disease,with serious eye symptoms and replase tendency,and its pathogenesis is still unclear.Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-related proteins participate in many important pathophysiological process,however,whether NF-κB plays a role in the IOIP process is worthy of attention.Objective This study was to explore the roles of NF-κB pathway in IOIP pathogenesis.Methods Twenty-four IOIP specimens were collected during surgery in Beijing Tongren Hospital from September 2010 to May 2016.The histopathological characteristics of IOIP were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining.The expression and location of NF-κB/p65,p-p65,p50 and inhibitor of κB (IκB-ot) were detected by immunohistochemistry and verified by immunocytochemistry and Western blot assay.Results The histopathological features of IOIP were numerous small lymphocyte infiltraion and fibrous tissue proliferation,and a lot of epithelioid cells were seen in lacrimal gland-involved specimens.NF-κB/p65 was positively expressed in the cytoplasm of all 24 specimens and the nucleus in 15 specimens with the expressing rate of 62.5％.p50 was expressed in the cytoplasm in 22 specimens with the expressing rate of 91.7％ and in the nucleus in 17 specimens with the expressing rate of 70.8％.The positive expression of p-p65 was found in 22 specimens with the expressing rate of 91.7％,and IκB-α was expressed in the cytoplasm of 11 specimens with the expressing rate of 45.8％.These results were confirmed by immunocytochemistry and Western blot assay.Conclusions NF-κB pathway is activiated during IOIP process,and NF-κB pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of IOIP.

Objective To investigate the value of cytokines in bile combined with clinical indices in predicting the degree of liver injury after liver transplantation. MethodsA total of 16 patients undergoing liver transplantation who were hospitalized in Center of Organ Transplantation, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, from January to December 2018 were enrolled, and according to the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) on day 1 after surgery, the patients were divided into mild liver injury (ALT ＜500 U/L) group with 10 patients and severe liver injury (ALT ＞500 U/L) group with 6 patients. Bile samples were collected on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after surgery, and MILLIPLEX assay was used to measure the levels of 17 cytokines. R software was used to perform principal component analysis (PCA) of bile cytokines and clinical indices and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of bile cytokines. The two-independent-samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups; The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups. A Spearman correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between clinical indices and bile cytokines. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of cytokines in bile and clinical indices for liver injury after liver transplantation. ResultsCompared with the mild liver injury group, the severe liver injury group had significantly higher expression levels of bile Fractalkine (Z=-2.828, P=0.003), soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) (Z=-2.850, P=0.008), interleukin-4 (Z=-2.398, P=0.017), CXCL10 (Z=-2.475, P=0.023), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (Z=-1844, P=0.043). The correlation analysis showed that on day 1 after liver transplantation, aspartate aminotransferase, ALT, and lactate dehydrogenase were positively correlated with the levels of several cytokines in bile (all P＜0.05). The area under the ROC curve of Fractalkine, sCD40L and AST were 0.933 (0.812-1.000), 0.833 (0.589-1.000) and 0.917 (0.779-1.000), respectively, suggesting that AST and Fractalkine and sCD40L in bile on the first day after liver transplantation have significant predictive value for liver injury. The results of PCA showed that bile cytokines combined with clinical indices on day 1 after liver transplantation could better distinguish the patients with mild liver injury from those with severe liver injury. GO analysis showed that bile cytokines were associated with positive feedback regulation of external stimulus, cell chemotaxis, receptor ligand activity, cytokine activity, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. ConclusionFractalkine and sCD40L in bile can predict the degree of liver injury after liver transplantation.

Objective To investigate the effects of 16-channel dedicated craniocerebral coil on brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)image quality in infants aged 0-6 months.Methods Thirty-two infants aged 0-6 months receiving craniocerebral MRI examination with 16-channel dedicated craniocerebral coil were enrolled as observation group,while 32 infant aged 0-6 months receiving craniocerebral MRI examination with conventional head and neck combined coil in the same period were enrolled as control group.The scanning sequences included transverse T1 weighted imaging(T1WI),T2 weighted imaging(T2WI),T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR)and diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)sequences.The scanned images were evaluated subjectively and objectively.Results In the subjective evaluation,T1WI,T2WI and FLAIR sequences scored higher than 4,and DWI sequence scored higher than 3.There were high consistency between two raters for T1WI,T2WI and FLAIR sequences(Kappa value=0.717,0.652,and 0.784,respectively;P<0.05),and moderate consistency for DWI sequence(Kappa value=0.321;P<0.05).In the objective evaluation,the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of each sequence in the dedicated coil group were highly consistent in the left and right lobes of the brain,and the differences in the SNR and CNR between the left and right lobes of the brain were trivial(P>0.05).The SNR and CNR of each sequence in the dedicated coil group increased as compared with the conventional coil group,and the differences in the SNR and CNR of T1WI sequence and the SNR of DWI sequence were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The brain images of infants aged 0-6 months obtained with a dedicated craniocerebral coil can better meet the clinical needs,and the image quality of the dedicated coil group is superior to that of the conventional coil group in both subjective and objective evaluations.

Transuranics radionuclides are ubiquitous in the environment. Long term intake will cause internal radiation hazards, and it is also an important source of radioactive contamination to the environment in the future. In this paper, the source and migration behavior of transuranic radionuclides are reviewed, the existing problems in China are summarized, and the suggestions for future work are put forward.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS infected students in Shandong Province, to provide a basis for the prevention and control of AIDS transmission in the student population. Methods: All 863 HIV/AIDS students cases during 2010-2019 were collected in Shandong Province. Epidemiological characteristics was described and the trends in the 10 years since 2010 was analyzed. Results: These 863 HIV/AIDS students were mainly transmitted through homosexual sex (763 cases, 88.41%), and the samples were mainly from voluntary consultation testing (433 cases, 50.17%). From 2010 to 2019, the proportion of student cases in the total number of cases showed an increasing trend ( χ 2 trend =30.21, P <0.01). Among them, the proportion of homosexual transmission cases increased year by year ( χ 2 trend =6.35, P =0.01), the proportion of cases aged 18-22 years increased year by year ( χ 2 trend =6.10, P =0.01), the proportion of cases with college degree or above increased year by year ( χ 2 trend =4.26, P =0.04). At present, voluntary consultation testing were the main source.There was no significant difference between the years of sample sources ( χ 2 trend =2.97, P =0.09). Conclusion The report number of students in Shandong Province are on the rise in recent years, especially those infected by same sex transmission, mainly with high education background, which calls for targeted strategies and intervention measures.

Objective:To evaluate the safety of ensartinib in the treatment of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) -positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the real-world clinical setting.Methods:Clinical data of 2 221 patients with ALK-positive locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC who received ensartinib treatment (225 mg/d) from December 16, 2020 to December 16, 2021 were collected and analyzed to assess drug adverse reactions in all population including elderly patients (≥ 65 years old) .Results:Among the total 2 221 patients, 511 patients (23.01%) experienced adverse events, including 8 patients (0.36%) who experienced serious adverse events. Adverse events led to dose modification in 67 patients (3.02%) and discontinuation in 18 patients (0.81%). The common adverse events were rash (407/2 221, 18.33%), pruritus (41/2 221, 1.85%), constipation (41/2 221, 1.85%), and facial edema (31/2 221, 1.40%). Thirty-six patients (1.62%) experienced ≥grade 3 adverse events. After symptomatic treatment of 511 patients with adverse reactions, 50 patients (9.78%) were healed, 271 patients (53.03%) were improved, 120 patients (23.48%) were persisted, and 70 patients (13.71%) were unknown due to loss of follow-up or other reasons. Forty-three patients (1.94%) reported 57 unintended adverse reactions. Among the 599 elderly patients, 116 patients (19.37%) experienced adverse events, including 1 patient (0.17%) who experienced serious adverse events. Adverse events led to dose modification in 25 patients (4.17%) and discontinuation in 5 patients (0.83%). The common adverse events of elderly patients were rash (88/599, 14.69%), constipation (14/599, 2.34%), facial edema (12/599, 2.00%), and pruritus (10/599, 1.67%). Twelve patients (2.00%) experienced ≥grade 3 adverse events. Among the 116 elderly patients with adverse reactions following the symptomatic treatment, 11 patients (9.48%) were healed, 58 patients (50.00%) were improved, 28 patients (24.13%) were persisted, and 19 patients (16.39%) were unknown due to loss of follow-up or other reasons. During the treatment, 1 patient (0.05%) experienced grade 2 interstitial lung disease, and no patient died due to adverse events.Conclusion:Ensartinib has a favorable safety profile in the real-world populations, with the most frequent adverse events being rash, mostly mild, and low incidence of ≥grade 3 adverse events. Overall, adverse reactions were tolerable and manageable.

Objective:To explore the clinical value of serum des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation.Methods:A total of 115 cases with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent liver transplantation in Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from October 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, Kaplan-Meier method, Log-Rank test, χ2 test, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis and other statistical methods were used to explore the value of DCP in predicting tumor recurrence after liver transplantation and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics.Results:The preoperative serum DCP level in recurrent population after liver transplantation was significantly higher than that in non-recurrent population ( P < 0.001). The optimal cut-off value of preoperative DCP for predicting recurrence was 200mAU/ml with the use of receiver operating characteristic curve. The sensitivity, specificity, Youden’s index and the receiver operating characteristic curve was 87.90%, 57.30%, 0.452, and 0.726, respectively. Survival analysis results grouped by this cut-off value showed that patients with preoperative DCP ≥200mAU/ml had a higher probability of recurrence ( P < 0.001). Further, subgroup survival analysis showed that patients with preoperative DCP≥200 mAU/ ml had a higher probability of recurrence than other cases of alpha-fetoprotein negative subgroup, cumulative tumor diameter ≤ 9 cm subgroup and Milan criteria subgroup ( P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that preoperative DCP≥200 mAU/ ml ( P = 0.017) and cumulative tumor diameter > 9 cm ( P = 0.014) was an independent risk factor for recurrence after liver transplantation. χ2 test results showed that preoperative serum DCP level was correlated with gender, serum gamma glutamyltransferase level, serum alpha fetoprotein level, cumulative tumor diameter, vascular invasion, tumor differentiation and liver cancer transplant criteria ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:Preoperative serum DCP can be used as a supplement to the existing liver cancer transplant criteria to predict hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation. In addition, the accurate screening of patients with low risk of HCC recurrence after liver transplantation can improve the prognosis and efficacy of liver transplant patients.