Objective To investigate the value of cytokines in bile combined with clinical indices in predicting the degree of liver injury after liver transplantation. MethodsA total of 16 patients undergoing liver transplantation who were hospitalized in Center of Organ Transplantation, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, from January to December 2018 were enrolled, and according to the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) on day 1 after surgery, the patients were divided into mild liver injury (ALT ＜500 U/L) group with 10 patients and severe liver injury (ALT ＞500 U/L) group with 6 patients. Bile samples were collected on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after surgery, and MILLIPLEX assay was used to measure the levels of 17 cytokines. R software was used to perform principal component analysis (PCA) of bile cytokines and clinical indices and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of bile cytokines. The two-independent-samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups; The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups. A Spearman correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between clinical indices and bile cytokines. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of cytokines in bile and clinical indices for liver injury after liver transplantation. ResultsCompared with the mild liver injury group, the severe liver injury group had significantly higher expression levels of bile Fractalkine (Z=-2.828, P=0.003), soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) (Z=-2.850, P=0.008), interleukin-4 (Z=-2.398, P=0.017), CXCL10 (Z=-2.475, P=0.023), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (Z=-1844, P=0.043). The correlation analysis showed that on day 1 after liver transplantation, aspartate aminotransferase, ALT, and lactate dehydrogenase were positively correlated with the levels of several cytokines in bile (all P＜0.05). The area under the ROC curve of Fractalkine, sCD40L and AST were 0.933 (0.812-1.000), 0.833 (0.589-1.000) and 0.917 (0.779-1.000), respectively, suggesting that AST and Fractalkine and sCD40L in bile on the first day after liver transplantation have significant predictive value for liver injury. The results of PCA showed that bile cytokines combined with clinical indices on day 1 after liver transplantation could better distinguish the patients with mild liver injury from those with severe liver injury. GO analysis showed that bile cytokines were associated with positive feedback regulation of external stimulus, cell chemotaxis, receptor ligand activity, cytokine activity, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. ConclusionFractalkine and sCD40L in bile can predict the degree of liver injury after liver transplantation.

Objective To observe the efficacy of combination therapy of calcium dobesilate dispersible and monosialotetrahexosylganlioside sodium on interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in elderly patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Methods From January 2012 to May 2017,in the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang 70 patients of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy,aged ≥60 years,were analyzed in this study.They were randomly divided into observation group (35 cases) and control group (35 cases).The observation group was treated with 40mg monosialotetrahexosylganlioside sodium dissolved in 250mL physiological saline,intravenous infusion per day,and oral calcium dobesilate dispersible 0.5g twice a day for two weeks.The control group was treated with methylcobalamin injection 0.5mg per day for two weeks.The clinical treatment effects and levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 were observed and compared between the two groups.Results After two weeks of treatment,the MDNS and MNSI scores of the observation group [(13.09 ± 5.38)points,(2.53 ± 1.19)points] were significantly lower than those of the control group [(18.31 ± 6.13) points,(4.19 ± 1.05) points,t =2.036,2.365,all P ＜ 0.05] and those before treatment [(21.26 ± 4.28) points,(5.40 ± 0.89) points,t =3.251,3.698,all P ＜ 0.05].The VAS-PI scores in the observation group [(6.24 ± 1.25) points,(4.13 ± 1.69) points] were significantly lower than those in the control group[(7.26 ± 1.28) points,(6.34 ± 2.65) points] at the first and second week (t =3.265,5.395,all P ＜ 0.05).The serum levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and MCP-1 in the observation group [(15.16 ±0.88) ng/L,(157.19 ± 11.22) ng,/L] were significantly lower than those in the control group[(17.87 ± 1.19) ng/L,(198.21 ± 12.07)ng/L,t =2.152,1.365,all P ＜0.05]and those before treatment[(20.26 ± 1.05) ng/L,(260.44 ± 13.63) ng,/L,t =1.235,0.965,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion Combination of calcium dobesilate and mono-sialotetrahexosyl ganglioside may alleviate the sensory and pain sensations in patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy,possibly by reducing the level of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and MCP-1.

Abstract The possible mechanisms of developmental dyslexia mainly include the hypothesis of language framework and the hypothesis of non-verbal framework. The language framework assumes that people with developmental dyslexia may exhibit defects in phonetic awareness, rapid naming, phonetic memory, and orthographic processing. Studies of developmental dyslexia in Chinese have found that deficiencies in orthography may be an important cause of dyslexia, but there are diverse views and opinions regarding orthography processing. This article sorts out the research progress in behavioral and neuroimaging aspects of orthography studies, and provides references for further development of processing test materials and methods in the research of processing mechanism of developmental dyslexia orthography.

Objective:To overcome the disadvantages of bismuth removal by bismuth sulfide precipitation method recommended by existing analytical standards and improve the quality of analytical result.Methods:Based on 201×7 anion exchange resin, the experimental process of bismuth removal was designed, and verified by using spiked samples and IAEA test samples.Results:Bismuth was removed by anion exchange resin. In the removal experiments of strontium, yttrium and bismuth, the chemical recovery rate of strontium and yttrium could reach (98.6 ± 0.8)% and (98.5 ± 0.7)%, respectively, with no Bi 2S 3 precipitation found. The relative standard deviation between analytical result and theoretical values was -2.97% to 5.94%, better than 3.96%-17.8% by the standard bismuth removal method. Through validation using IAEA test samples, the relative standard deviation between the reported value and the target value for 90Sr was between 3.40%-7.09%, and all the results were acceptable. Conclusions:Bismuth could be quantitatively removed using anion exchange resin without adsorption of strontium and yttrium. In addition, the bismuth removal solution system of anion exchange resin was the same as the elution system in 90Sr analysis, and the purpose of rapid bismuth removal could be achieved without conversion system. Compared with the current standard analytical method, it was feasible and better to quantitatively remove bismuth based on anion exchange resin, which could meet the needs of routine analysis of 90Sr.

Objective: To characterize visual attention span in children with developmental dyslexia in Xinjiang and to explore the effects of action video game training on visual attention span,and to provide a reference for improving the visual attention span of children with dyslexia. Methods: Students from grade 3 to 5 in primary schools of Xinjiang were selected by using random clustering sampling method from July to November 2020,a total of 120 developmental dyslexia group (Group-DD), chronological age matched group (Group-CA) and reading level matched group (Group-RL) were selected and compared with visual attention spans, action video games were used to conduct intervention training for DD children, variance analysis was used to study the variation of visual attention span. Results: The accuracy and discrimination index of Group-DD (0.68±0.10, 1.21±0.87) were lower than those of Group-CA (0.77±0.99, 1.80±0.83) and Group-RL (0.71±0.11, 1.50±0.75) ( F =21.26, 15.19, P <0.05);there was no significant difference in reaction time among the three groups( P >0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the accuracy of visual attention span (0.63±0.12, 0.71±0.11,0.70±0.10), response time (760.51±185.83, 782.74±149.20, 857.27± 155.44 ), and discrimination (0.84±0.81, 1.51±0.19, 1.29±0.10) among children of different grades ( F =6.37，3.81，3.16， P < 0.05 ). After 12 hours of action video game training, the accuracy and discrimination of Group-DD intervention group (0.74±0.10, 1.53±0.88) were higher than those of Group DD control group (0.68±0.14, 1.06±0.97)( P <0.05), and there was no significant difference between Group DD intervention group and Group RL (0.76±0.12, 1.73±0.71) ( P >0.05), but there was statistical difference between Group DD intervention group and Group-CA (0.81±0.94, 2.17±0.79) ( P <0.05). Conclusion Children with dyslexia have deficits in visual attention span, with grade difference. Action video game intervention can improve visual attention span ability of developmental dyslexia children to some extent.

Objective: To understand the relationship between emotional behavior and literacy of primary school students, and to provide evidence for improving the literacy of primary school students. Methods: A total of 3 710 students in grade 2 to 3 from three schools in Xinjiang were selected by random cluster sampling method, and were investigated with the Literacy Scale for Primary School Students and the Strengths and Difficulties Scale. Results: The average literacy of the second and third grade students( 947.85 ±335.93，1 519.45±509.88) were lower than the Shanghai literacy norm(1 414, 2 135), and the differences were statistically significant ( t =-62.15, -49.84, P <0.01). The abnormal detection rates of emotional behavior were peer communication problems (12.40%), prosocial behavior (12.02%), hyperactivity (11.59%), conduct problems (10.49%) and emotional problems (5.88%). Emotional symptoms ( r =-0.19), conduct problems ( r =-0.29), hyperactivity attention deficit ( r =-0.27), peer communication problems( r =-0.24) were negatively correlated with literacy scores( P <0.01). Regression analysis showed that peer interaction problems ( β =-24.45), hyperactivity problems ( β =-42.04) and conduct problems ( β =-50.73) had negative predictive effects on literacy ( R 2=0.12)( P <0.01). Conclusion Peer interaction problems, hyperactivity problems and conduct problems are moderately related to the literacy of primary school students.In the process of teaching, teachers should combine the psychological characteristics of students, adopt the teaching strategy of combining centralized literacy with written literacy, pay attention to the cultivation of literacy ability.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of visual motor integration in children with developmental dyslexia and ADHD, and to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of these children. Methods: During July to November of 2020，students from grade 3 to grade 5 of 7 primary schools in Xinjiang were selected by using random cluster sampling method. A total of 56 dyslexia group (group DD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder group (group ADHD), comorbidity group and normal control group were selected and compared the differences of their visual motor integration ability and related factors ability. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the predictive effects of related factors on visual motor integration ability. Results: The scores of visual integration ability and visual perception in comorbidity group (95.05±14.01, 12.71±7.40) were lower than those in DD group (104.77±17.19，23.04±11.48), ADHD group (104.00±14.11，25.70±10.74) and normal control group (129.80±12.91, 44.05±16.56) ( F/Z =58.24,110.49, P <0.05). The visual working memory score of the comorbidity group ( 73.64 ±5.36) was lower than the normal control group (78.96±4.68) ( P <0.05)，and there was no significant difference between the DD group (74.48±7.06) and the ADHD group (75.98±7.36) ( P >0.05). The results of multiple regression showed that visual perception, age, IQ and visual working memory were associated with visual and motor integration ability of dyslexia children with ADHD ( R 2=0.32，0.17，0.11， 0.04 ， P <0.05). Conclusion Visual motor integration and visual perception among children with DD combined ADHD are more severely impaired than those with ADHD and DD alone. Visual perception, age, IQ and visual working memory could help predict the development of visual and motor integration ability in children with DD combined ADHD.

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and construct a Nomogram prediction model.Methods:A total of 5 409 children aged 7 to 16 from 5 schools in Xinjiang were investigated by using SNAP-Ⅳ assessment scale and influencing factors questionnaire.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze and investigate the influencing factors of ADHD in children, and then Nomogram prediction model was established. Results:(1)The detection rate of ADHD was 7.3%.(2) The LASSO- Logistic regression model showed that the history of febrile convulsions ( OR=5.97, 95% CI: 3.52-9.86), the history of epilepsy disease ( OR=11.86, 95% CI: 7.83-17.89), the history of head trauma disease ( OR=10.0, 95% CI: 7.27-13.71), mother′s delivery method ( OR=2.53, 95% CI: 1.99-3.23), mother′s education level ( OR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.45-3.67), mother′s smoking more than 1 year ( OR=12.65, 95% CI: 8.30-19.34), whether the family environment is quiet ( OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.00-1.63), and the education method of beating and scolding ( OR=3.05, 95% CI: 2.13-4.31) was an indepen-dent risk factor for children with ADHD; (3)The Nomogram prediction model was built and verified by Bootstrap for 1 000 samples.The C-index was 0.81(95% CI: 0.78-0.83), suggesting that the Nomogram prediction model has good prediction ability, accuracy, and distinction.Decision curve analysis (DCA) of the clinical decision curve suggested that patients with Nomogram model with a predictive probability threshold greater than 0.2 had a higher clinical net benefit. Conclusions:The detection rate of ADHD was 7.3%, which was higher than the national average.The Nomogram prediction model drawn here can provide individualized ADHD risk predictions for children based on the history of hyperthermia, epilepsy, and head trauma, maternal mode of childbirth, maternal education level, maternal education level, maternal smoking for more than 1 year, quiet family environment, and scolding education methods.

Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma tau protein, phosphorylated tau protein (p-tau) protein and cognitive function in subjects with generalized brain atrophy. Methods A total of 100 subjects with moderate and severe brain atrophy were divided into two groups according to cognitive function: normal group (n=50 cases) and dementia group (n=50 cases). And their gender, age, educational level, etc. are recorded. The tau protein and p-tau protein content in plasma were measured by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The differences between plasm tau and p-tau protein expression and their relationship with cognitive function were analyzed. Results Plasma tau protein and p-tau protein levels were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the dementia group [(210.92±43.79)pg/mL、(81.15±16.85)pg/mL] than in the normal group[(210.92±43.79)pg/mL、(81.15±16.85)pg/mL]. Plasma tau protein and p-tau protein levels were negatively correlated with the MMSE score (P<0.05) and had no significant correlation with the degree of brain atrophy (P>0.05). Conclusion Cognitive impairment may be associated with elevated tau protein levels in patients with extensive brain atrophy.

Background::The goal of the assisted reproductive treatment is to transfer one euploid blastocyst and to help infertile women giving birth one healthy neonate. Some algorithms have been used to assess the ploidy status of embryos derived from couples with normal chromosome, who subjected to preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) treatment. However, it is currently unknown whether artificial intelligence model can be used to assess the euploidy status of blastocyst derived from populations with chromosomal rearrangement.Methods::From February 2020 to May 2021, we collected the whole raw time-lapse videos at multiple focal planes from in vitro cultured embryos, the clinical information of couples, and the comprehensive chromosome screening results of those blastocysts that had received PGT treatment. Initially, we developed a novel deep learning model called the Attentive Multi-Focus Selection Network (AMSNet) to analyze time-lapse videos in real time and predict blastocyst formation. Building upon AMSNet, we integrated additional clinically predictive variables and created a second deep learning model, the Attentive Multi-Focus Video and Clinical Information Fusion Network (AMCFNet), to assess the euploidy status of embryos. The efficacy of the AMCFNet was further tested in embryos with parental chromosomal rearrangements. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the superiority of the model. Results::A total of 4112 embryos with complete time-lapse videos were enrolled for the blastocyst formation prediction task, and 1422 qualified blastocysts received PGT-A ( n = 589) or PGT for chromosomal structural rearrangement (PGT-SR, n = 833) were enrolled for the euploidy assessment task in this study. The AMSNet model using seven focal raw time-lapse videos has the best real-time accuracy. The real-time accuracy for AMSNet to predict blastocyst formation reached above 70% on the day 2 of embryo culture, and then increased to 80% on the day 4 of embryo culture. Combing with 4 clinical features of couples, the AUC of AMCFNet with 7 focal points increased to 0.729 in blastocysts derived from couples with chromosomal rearrangement. Conclusion::Integrating seven focal raw time-lapse images of embryos and parental clinical information, AMCFNet model have the capability of assessing euploidy status in blastocysts derived from couples with chromosomal rearrangement.