Objective To assess the predictive value of neutrophil gelatinase associated protein lipocalin (uNGAL) in urine for detection of acute kidney injury(AKI) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods Patients with severe traumatic brain injury from the ICU were collected from Jan. 2011 to May. 2013 in our hospital. 43 cases that met the RIFLE criteria for diagnosis of AKI in the ICU within 7 days were selected as AKI group. Another 43 cases that were matched for age ,gender ,illness severity , surgery method with AKI cases ,selected as non‐AKI group. The levels of uNGAL and Scr were measured when the patients admit‐ted in the ICU with 15 min ,at 24 h ,48 h ,72 h. the sensitivity and specificity of uNGAL and Scr for diagnosis for AKI were evalua‐ted by ROC curve. Results The incidence of severe traumatic brain injury AKI was 42. 16% (43/102). The uNGAL levels in the AKI group were higher when the patient stayed in the ICU longer and no obvious in the non AKI group. When admitted to the ICU 24 h ,the level of uNGAL(720. 32 ± 684. 25)ng/mL in AKI group was significantly higher than that (421. 92 ± 351. 20)ng/mL in non AKI group. The difference was statistically significant (P< 0. 05). The levels of Scr between two groups were not statistically significant. The area under ROC curve of uNGAL and Scr were 0. 879 (95% CI :0. 807 - 0. 949) and 0. 612 (95% CI :0. 493 -0. 731). When the cutoff value of uNGAL was 180 ng/mL ,the sensitivity and specificity were 0. 890 and 0. 823 respectively. The sensitivity was superior to Scr. Conclusion uNGALis superior to Scr for early diagnosis of AKI in patients with severe traumatic brain injury and it could be used as a biomarker for early diagnosis of AKI.

Objective:To explore the possible mechanism of astragaloside involved in the mouse podocytes injury induced by TGF-β1 in vitro.Methods:Mouse podocytes were cultured in vitro and then all cell were divided into 5 groups:normal control group , TGF-β1 treatment group ,TGF-β1 treatment +astragaloside low dose group ,TGF-β1 treatment +astragaloside middle dose group and TGF-β1 treatment +astragaloside high dose group.The proliferation rate of each group was investigated by MTT assay ,the expression of TRPC6 protein and mRNA were measured by Western blot and RT-PCR respectively after 48 hours.Results:TGF-β1 can significantly inhibit the proliferation of podocytes ( P<0.05) ,fusions of foot processes or even effaced of podocytes were observed .TGF-β1 could also increase the expression of TRPC6.Astragaloside could reduce the inhibition of TGF-β1 to the proliferain of podocytes significantly ,make the cell shape tend to be normal,and reduce the expression of TRPC6 mRNA and protein with dose-effect relation.Conclusion:TRPC6 play an impor-tant role in the TGF-β1 induecd podocytes injury .Astragaloside can alleviate podocytes injury by reduce the expression of TRPC 6.

Aim To optimize the traditional method of right catheterization in rats and establish a rapid , stable and reliable method of the right heart catheter guided intubation to measure pulmonary artery pressure. Methods Nighty male wistar rats were used to optimize the method of detection of pulmonary arte-rial pressure. Three catheter namely PE50, PU I, and PU II were used for choosing the best intubation. The new technology of right catheterization was established and used for the research of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Results The PU I catheter was obviously better than PE50 and PU II catheter in the success rate and measurement time ( P <0. 05 ) . The method of right heart catheter guided intubation was significantly superior to the traditional right heart direct intubation (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). After improving the right catheterization, the detection of hemo-dynamic indexes in PAH-model rat was successful with regular pressure curve and reliable experimental data. Conclusions The right heart catheter guided intubation method has a high suc-cess rate and it can detect the pulmonary artery pressure quick-ly, easily, and can help other researchers to complete experi-ment as efficiently as possible.

The frontier of science and technology has widely entered the era of studying complexity and regulating complex systems.Especially in medicine,research on the complexity of the human system will attract more scholars'and clinicians'attention.Facing the complexity of the human body system directly,this paper applied the definition of complexity,state estimation,and system control models in modern system science to reveal the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in understanding human body complexity and regulating human body complex systems.Thus,this paper may not only lay a foundation for dealing with complex diseases in the future but also provides new ideas and methods for forming the future medical model.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of seawater exposure on intestinal injury in rabbits with scald burns and explore the mechanisms.

METHODSSixty-three rabbits with scald burns covering 20% total body surface area were randomized equally into scald control group (group A), scald with freshwater exposure group (group B), and scald with seawater exposure group (group C). At 2, 4 and 8 h after scald burns, 7 rabbits from each group were sacrificed for detecting plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxide (LPO) levels and intestinal contents of prostaglandins (PGs) and for examining the intestinal pathologies; immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in the small intestinal epithelium.

RESULTSThe rabbits in group C showed severer intestinal mucosal and barrier function damages than those in groups A and B. The plasma SOD activity and intestinal PGs contents were significantly lowered in group C than in groups A and B at 2, 4, and 8 h postburn (P<0.01) and reduced as the postburn time extended (P<0.01). In group C, plasma LPO content was the highest among the groups (P<0.01) and increased significantly with the seawater exposure time (P<0.01). The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in the intestinal mucosal tissues was also the highest in group C (P<0.01) at 4 h and 8 h postburn and increased significantly with time (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSeawater exposure exacerbates scald burn-induced intestinal mucosal and barrier function damages in rabbits mainly by aggravating intestinal inflammation and structural damage, as evidenced by decreased intestinal PGs contents and plasma SOD activity, increased plasma PLO content, and enhanced Bax and Bcl-2 protein expressions in the intestinal mucosa.

Animals ; Burns ; pathology ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Prostaglandins ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Seawater ; adverse effects ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect of seawater exposure on intestinal injury in rabbits with scald burns and explore the mechanisms. Methods Sixty-three rabbits with scald burns covering 20%total body surface area were randomized equally into scald control group (group A), scald with freshwater exposure group (group B), and scald with seawater exposure group (group C). At 2, 4 and 8 h after scald burns, 7 rabbits from each group were sacrificed for detecting plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxide (LPO) levels and intestinal contents of prostaglandins (PGs) and for examining the intestinal pathologies; immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in the small intestinal epithelium. Results The rabbits in group C showed severer intestinal mucosal and barrier function damages than those in groups A and B. The plasma SOD activity and intestinal PGs contents were significantly lowered in group C than in groups A and B at 2, 4, and 8 h postburn (P<0.01) and reduced as the postburn time extended (P<0.01). In group C, plasma LPO content was the highest among the groups (P<0.01) and increased significantly with the seawater exposure time (P<0.01). The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in the intestinal mucosal tissues was also the highest in group C (P<0.01) at 4 h and 8 h postburn and increased significantly with time (P<0.01). Conclusion Seawater exposure exacerbates scald burn-induced intestinal mucosal and barrier function damages in rabbits mainly by aggravating intestinal inflammation and structural damage, as evidenced by decreased intestinal PGs contents and plasma SOD activity, increased plasma PLO content, and enhanced Bax and Bcl-2 protein expressions in the intestinal mucosa.

Objective To investigate the effect of seawater exposure on intestinal injury in rabbits with scald burns and explore the mechanisms. Methods Sixty-three rabbits with scald burns covering 20%total body surface area were randomized equally into scald control group (group A), scald with freshwater exposure group (group B), and scald with seawater exposure group (group C). At 2, 4 and 8 h after scald burns, 7 rabbits from each group were sacrificed for detecting plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxide (LPO) levels and intestinal contents of prostaglandins (PGs) and for examining the intestinal pathologies; immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in the small intestinal epithelium. Results The rabbits in group C showed severer intestinal mucosal and barrier function damages than those in groups A and B. The plasma SOD activity and intestinal PGs contents were significantly lowered in group C than in groups A and B at 2, 4, and 8 h postburn (P<0.01) and reduced as the postburn time extended (P<0.01). In group C, plasma LPO content was the highest among the groups (P<0.01) and increased significantly with the seawater exposure time (P<0.01). The expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in the intestinal mucosal tissues was also the highest in group C (P<0.01) at 4 h and 8 h postburn and increased significantly with time (P<0.01). Conclusion Seawater exposure exacerbates scald burn-induced intestinal mucosal and barrier function damages in rabbits mainly by aggravating intestinal inflammation and structural damage, as evidenced by decreased intestinal PGs contents and plasma SOD activity, increased plasma PLO content, and enhanced Bax and Bcl-2 protein expressions in the intestinal mucosa.

In order to evaluate the response to vector-expressed M1 and HA genes of influenza virus in mice, we prepared recombinant plasmid pStar-M1/HA and recombinant adenovirus Ad-M1/HA containing both the full-length matrix protein 1(M1) and hemagglutinin (HA) genes of human H5N1 influenza virus strain A/Anhui/1/2005. We then combined the DNA vaccine and adenoviral vaccine in immunization of BALB/c mice with a prime-boost regime. We immunized the mice with DNA vaccine at day 0 and 28 and with recombinant adenoviral vaccines at day 14 and 42. We took blood samples before each injection and 14 days after the final injection for detection of humoral immune responses. At day 56, we sacrificed the mice and collected splenocytes for detection of cellular immune responses. ELISA and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay showed that specific IgG Abs against H5N1 influenza virus was induced in serum of the immunized mice. ELISPOT results confirmed that the specific cellular immune responses were successfully induced against the M1 and HA proteins of H5N1 influenza virus. This study provides new strategy for development of novel influenza vaccines.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Immunization ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; immunology ; Influenza Vaccines ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Vaccines, DNA ; immunology ; Viral Matrix Proteins ; genetics ; immunology

Objective:To understand the current knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) on influenza and influenza vaccine among pregnant women in Suzhou and to analyze its influencing factors to provide technical support data for public health strategies for promoting influenza vaccination in pregnant women.Methods:A questionnaire was designed, and a stratified sampling method was used to conduct a face-to-face survey among pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy who received antenatal examinations at different levels of medical institutions in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, in 2023. KAP status and influencing factors were analyzed by χ2 test and logistic regression analysis. Results:A total of 2 195 valid questionnaires were collected in this survey. The M( Q1, Q3) of knowledge about influenza and influenza vaccine among pregnant women in Suzhou was 7.60 (5.23, 9.80) points, and the score range was 0.20-14.71 points, the passing rate was 34.12%, the awareness rate of influenza vaccine was 57.45%, and the vaccination rate of influenza vaccine was 1.91% within one year before the survey. The willingness to receive influenza vaccine during pregnancy was only 3.57%. Multivariate analysis of influenza and influenza vaccine-related knowledge scores showed that the passing rate was positively correlated with education level and gestational age. In contrast, family income was negatively correlated with living in rural areas, working as migrant workers, and having no medical insurance. Multivariate analysis of vaccination intention showed that decreased effectiveness of influenza vaccine and increased adverse reactions decreased vaccination intention during pregnancy. Conclusions:The pregnant women in Suzhou pay more attention to influenza, and vaccination rates and intentions are generally low. Pregnant women with early and second trimester of pregnancy, low education, living in rural areas, working as migrant workers, and not purchasing medical insurance are the key groups to popularize the knowledge about influenza and influenza vaccine.

Objective:To examine the effects of Zishenwan Prescription on bile acid metabolism in mice with diabetic encephalopathy; To explore its mechanism of improvement of diabetic encephalopathy.Methods:Male C57BL/6J mice were used to replicate the mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus by using high-fat chow and a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (120 mg/kg). The mice were screened for diabetic encephalopathy by using the Morris water maze test after 8 weeks of continuous stimulation with hyperglycemia, and were divided into model group and Zishenwan Prescription group according to random number table method, with 12 mice in each group. The mice in the Zishenwan Prescription group were treated with the crude extract of Zishenwan Prescription (9.36 g/kg) by gavage, and the normal group and the model group were treated with the same volume of distilled water once a day for 8 weeks. At the end of the treatment, Morris water maze test was used to investigate the cognitive function of diabetic encephalopathy mice; cresyl violet staining was used to detect the number of granule neurons in the hippocampus; serum and feces were collected to detect the content of bile acids by liquid-liquid coupling; hepatic bile acid synthase CYP7a1 and CYP27a1, farnesol X receptor (FXR), fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15), fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), and ileocecal apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter protein (ABST) mRNA levels were detected by using fluorescence quantitative PCR assay.Results:Compared with the model group, mice in the Zishenwan Prescription group had shorter evasion latency time ( P<0.05 or P<0.01), decreased time to first reach the platform ( P<0.01), increased number of times to traverse the platform ( P<0.01), and reduced neuronal cell damage in hippocampal area; mice in the Zishenwan Prescription group showed decreased serum and fecal total bile acid content ( P<0.05 or P<0.01); the liver CYP7a1 and CYP27a1 mRNA expressions increased ( P<0.01), and FXR and FGF15 mRNA expressions decreased ( P<0.01); ileal ABST mRNA expression decreased ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Zishenwan Prescription may regulate bile acid metabolism, inhibit FRX-FGF15/FGFR4 signaling and ABST expression to promote new bile acid synthesis and conjugated bile acid reabsorption, and thus improve cognitive function in diabetic encephalopathy mice.