Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin(Cur)on proliferation and apoptosis of human esophageal carcinoma drug-resistant cells Eca-109/VCR in vitro and in vivo. Methods The inhibitory effect of Cur on Eca-109/VCR was detected by CCK-8 method. The apoptosis rate of Eca-109/VCR cells after treatment with Cur was determined by flow cytometry. Eca-109/VCR xenografts were established in nude mice and inhibitory effect of Cur on xenografts was observed. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes. Apoptosis was detect-ed by TUNEL. ELISA was used to measure Caspase-3,Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 expression in nude mice serum. Results Cur significantly inhibited the proliferation of Eca-109/VCR in a time and concentration-dependent man-ner and it could induce apoptosis of Eca-109/VCR. Cur significantly inhibited the growth of xenografts and a large number of necrosis existed in Cur group. Cur induced apoptosis in xenografts and the expression of Caspase-3,Cas-pase-8 and Caspase-9 in serum increased with the increase of Cur concentrations. Conclusion Cur could inhibit the growth of esophageal carcinoma xenografts in vitro and in vivo and its role might be up-regulating the expression of Caspase-3,Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 and associated with the apoptosis induction of drug-resistant esophageal carcinoma cells.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.003

Traditional medicine educational systems in Japan and China were compared.
In Japan, Kampo medicine has been integrated into the core curriculum of undergraduate education in all medical colleges since 2001. Japanese university medical schools give 6,000 hours of western medical educa tion, and only 30 hours of Kampo education. In China at Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) universities, nearly half of teaching hours are devoted to TCM, and half to Western medicine. And even at medical univer sities that specialize in Western medicine, students will usually have 80 hours in TCM courses. Usually it takes five years to graduate. In Japan, Kampo education puts a special focus on the Shang-han-lun and Jin-kui-yao lue texts, which still influence daily practice. In China, on the other hand, TCM doctors rely on traditional theories of Chinese medicine such as the Yin-Yang theory, the Five Elements theory or relationships between meridians and organs. Kampo specialists have been increasing in recent years, although in China, the number of TCM doctors has been decreasing. However, better traditional medicine education would play a role in in creasing our inheritance of both in Japan and in China.

Objective To explore the effect of treating posterolateral tibial plateau fractures via the fibular osteotomy approach.Methods From August 2009 to August 2011,17 patients with posterolateral tibial plateau fractures,including 12 males and 5 females,aged from 24 to 76 years (average,37.8 years),were treated via the fibular osteotomy approach in our hospital.According to the Schatzker classification,8 cases were type Ⅱ,3 cases were type Ⅲ,6 cases were type V.After operation,X-rays were taken in all patients,and Rasmussen's radiological and functional gradings were used to evaluate radiological and functional outcomes of knees.Results All patients obtained follow-up,ranged from 9 to 35 months (average,18months).The healing time of the fracture ranged from 10.0 to 18.0 weeks (average,13.5 weeks).During the period of followed-up,there was no loss of reduction; one case presented with symptoms of common peroneal nerve injury,such as local hypesthesia in distal lateral lower leg and dorsi pedis,which recovered two weeks postoperatively.According to Rasmussen's radiological grading,the mean score of the knee joint was 17.5(range,14.0 to 18.0).The range of motion of the knee joint ranged from -5°to 135°(average,123.5o).According to Rasmussen's functional grading,the mean score of the knee joint was 26.9 (range,22 to 30).Conclusion Treating posterolateral tibial plateau fractures via the fibular osteotomy approach can obtain sufficient exposure,good reduction and fixation,and avoid flexion contracture of the knee and peripheral vascular nerve injury.Moreover,postoperative function and stability of the knee joint recover well.

Objective To investigate the curative effect and feasibility of closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing and open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation in treatment of obviously displaced radial neck fractures in children. Methods From July 2006 to December 2007, 18 children with types Ⅱ and Ⅲ O' Brien radical neck fractures were admitted to Nanjing Children' s Hospital. Of all, six children received open reduction and fixation with Kirschner wire and six weeks of cast immobilization; the other 12 children received closed reduction and fixation with elastic intramedullary nail and three weeks of cast immobilization. The children were followed up for mean 12 months to investigate postoperative functional recovery of the elbow joint and presence of complications. Results All children achieved excellent clinical outcomes, without excessive radial bone growth, early closure of radial bone marrow, bone bridge formation or ectopic calcification around the joint. According to Tibone and Stoltz' s clinical evaluation methods, closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing had less trauma, faster recovery, fewer complications and better cosmesis than traditional open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation for children with obviously displaced radial neck fractures. Conclusion Closed reduction with elastic intramedullary nailing is a better option for obviously displaced radial neck fractures in children.

Objective:To assess the clinical effect of retrograde elastic stable intramedullary nailing(ESIN) in distal humerus metaphysis-diaphyseal junction fractures in children.Methods:A total of 14 cases of children with distal humerus metaphysis-diaphyseal junction fractures treated by retrograde ESIN in Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 9 males and 5 females, aged 3.0-13.2 years old(median: 6.4 years old). Nine cases had fractures on the left side and 5 cases on the right side.Two prebent ESINs were inserted into the proximal humerus metaphysis through the humerus marrow cavity from medial and lateral sides of the distal humerus respectively after the closed/open reduction of fractures.After surgery, the shoulder abductor stent or long arm plaster was used for fixation post-operatively.X - ray examination was performed at regular post-operative follow-up.The stability of internal fixation was analyzed by measuring the Baumann angle and checking whether humeral anterior lines passed through capitulum humeri in lateral radiographs immediately after the surgery and at the last follow-up.Meanwhile, efficacy was evaluated according to Flynn functional evaluation criteria.Results:All the 14 patients in this group were followed up for 10-27 months after the operation, with an average of 18.4 months.The Baumann angle was within the normal range at both the end of the operation and the last follow-up, and no significant difference was observed.Lateral radiographs showed humeral anterior lines passed through the capitulum humeri.According to Flynn functional scores, there were 13 excellent cases and 1 good case.No wound infection, intramedullary nailing displacement, Volkmann contracture, cubital varus deformity, or iatrogenic nerve injury occurred in any of the children.Conclusion:Retrograde ESIN technique is a safe and reliable treatment for children with distal humerus metaphysis-diaphyseal junction fractures.

Objective:To observe the effects of miR-146a on human retinal endothelial cell (HREC) under high glucose condition.Methods:Total of 57 cases diagnosed as diabetic mellitus and 40 cases with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from October to December 2013.Forty-one healthy volunteers were enrolled and served as control group.The clinical data and venous blood samples of subjects were collected.HRECs were cultured in normal glucose (5.5 mmol/L) or high glucose medium (30 mmol/L). Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-146a.The cultured HRECs were transfected with miR-146a mimic, mimic negative control, inhibitor and inhibitor negative control by lipofectamine2000, respectively.The expression of miR-146a and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA was examined by real-time PCR and the expression of nuclear factor-кB (NF-кB) p65 and NF-кB p65 Ser536 was detected by Western blot assay. Results:The relative expression of miR-146a mRNA in the diabetic mellitus group and DR group was 0.36±0.08 and 0.27±0.08, respectively, which were significantly lower than 1.00±0.16 in the control group (both at P<0.01). The expression of miR-146a mRNA was 0.37±0.11 in the high glucose group, which was lower than 1.00±0.18 in the normal control group ( t=5.57, P<0.01). The relative expression of miR-146a mRNA in the miR-146a mimic group was 2 540.00±105.00, which was significantly higher than 61.00±17.90 in the miR-146a mimic control group; The relative expression of miR-146a mRNA in the miR-146a inhibitor group was 0.04±0.01, which was significantly lower than 0.88±0.04 in the miR-146a inhibitor control group ( t=23.23, 17.12; both at P<0.01). The relative expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in the miR-146a mimic group was 0.35±0.12, which was significantly lower than 1.00±0.13 in the miR-146a mimic control group; The relative expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in the miR-146a inhibitor group was 2.74±0.48, which was significantly higher than 1.00±0.16 in the miR-146a inhibitor control group ( t=3.58, 3.37; both at P<0.05). The relative expression of NF-кB p65 Ser536 in the miR-146a mimic group was 0.43±0.03, which was significantly lower than 1.07±0.09 in the miR-146a mimic control group ( t=6.74, P<0.01). The relative expression of NF-кB p65 Ser536 in the miR-146a inhibitor group was 2.08±0.12, which was significantly higher than 1.00±0.01 in the miR-146a inhibitor control group ( t=8.76; P<0.01). Conclusions:miR-146a can reduce inflammation of HREC in high glucose condition through inhibiting ICAM-1 expression and NF-кB phosphorylation.

Objective: To understand the current status of follow up of people living with HIV/AIDS by health service at grass root in rural area of Jiangxi province and related factors, and provide references for the promotion of the follow up by grass root health service. Methods: People living HIV/AIDS aged ≥18 years and diagnosed before 31 December 2017 in 6 townships of Xinjian, Yushan counties and Guixi city were included in the study in Jiangxi province. They had been followed up for more than one time after the first epidemiologic survey. The information about their demographic characteristics and HIV infection status were collected by using self-designed questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the factors that influencing the acceptance of follow up by grass root health service. Results: Of the 373 surveyed HIV infected subjects aged (53.06±16.15) years, 261 were males (70.0%, 261/373). Among the surveyed subjects, the illiteracy and people who received only primary school education accounted for 54.7% (204/373). The rate of follow up of the HIV infected subjects by grass root health service was 55.8% (208/373), and those through heterosexual contact were 58.5% (190/325). The multivariate regression analysis showed that the acceptance of follow up by grass root health service was higher in those who were farmers (OR=7.36, 95%CI: 2.52-21.45), had family support (OR=16.01, 95%CI: 2.25-49.73), didn’t worry about discrimination (OR=12.97, 95%CI: 4.75-35.42), trusted health care provider (OR=5.07, 95%CI: 2.19-11.76) and showed AIDS symptoms (OR=10.58, 95%CI: 2.25- 49.73). Conclusions The performance of follow up of people living with HIV/AIDS by grass root health service was well, suggesting it is a feasible management model. Being famer or not, family member supporting or not, worry about discrimination or not, trusting health care provider or not and showing AIDS symptoms or not were the main factors influencing the acceptance of follow up by grass root health service.

The HIV-infected people were investigated for their satisfactory situation towards the follow-up management of primary medical and health care institutions in Xinjian County, Yushan County and Guixi City of Jiangxi Province from January to July 2018 and related factors were also analyzed. The total score of the Infected Patients′ Follow-up Management Satisfaction Scale higher than 59 was defined as the satisfactory. 75.68% of 259 infected patients were satisfied with the follow-up management. Compared to farmers and other follow-up modes, non-farmers (OR=10.72, 95%CI: 2.07-55.63), and patients receiving follow-up service in responsible institutions (OR=6.44, 95%CI: 3.12-13.30) were more satisfied with follow-up management.

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 system has been widely used for genome engineering and transcriptional regulation in many different organisms. Current CRISPR-activation (CRISPRa) platforms often require multiple components because of inefficient transcriptional activation. Here, we fused different phase-separation proteins to dCas9-VPR (dCas9-VP64-P65-RTA) and observed robust increases in transcriptional activation efficiency. Notably, human NUP98 (nucleoporin 98) and FUS (fused in sarcoma) IDR domains were best at enhancing dCas9-VPR activity, with dCas9-VPR-FUS IDR (VPRF) outperforming the other CRISPRa systems tested in this study in both activation efficiency and system simplicity. dCas9-VPRF overcomes the target strand bias and widens gRNA designing windows without affecting the off-target effect of dCas9-VPR. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using phase-separation proteins to assist in the regulation of gene expression and support the broad appeal of the dCas9-VPRF system in basic and clinical applications.
Humans ; Transcriptional Activation ; RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Gene Expression Regulation ; CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics*