AIM: To compare two methods of HPLC-MS/MS and MEIA to monitor the tacrolimus concentrations for organ transplantation patient.METHODS: After developing and validating the HPLC-MS/MS method to determine the concentrations of tacrolimus,the tacrolimus samples were quantitated by two methods of HPLC-MS/MS and MEIA,respectively.Evaluate two methods by statistical analysis of quantitative results.RESULTS: The mean concentration were(4.86?0.46) ng/mL by HPLC-MS/MS and(5.52?0.43) ng/mL by MEIA.The coefficient correlation of two methods was 0.8771,and the two methods have good correlations in statistics.The mean concentration ratio was(90.3?5.3)%.CONCLUSION: The HPLC-MS/MS method is a more precise method for to determining the effective concentration of tacrolimus,which is suitable for daily TDM.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical significance of posterior spinal cord shifting after two different types of laminoplasty for multilevel cervical myelopathy.Methods From June 2004 to September 2007,65 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy were reviewed in this study,including 41 males and 24 females with an average age was 56.3 years(range,39-75).Among them,33 patients underwent selective laminoplasty and 32 patients underwent open-door laminoplasty.There were no significant differences of preoperative JOA scores and cervical curvature index between two groups.After one year follow -up,the posterior shifting of spinal cord,Japanese Orthopaedics Association (JOA) recovery rate,loss of curvature index and axial symptom for each patient were calculated.ResultsAll cases were followed up for average 34 months(range,26-47).There was significant difference of the postoperative posterior shifting between the two groups,which was(1.4±0.6) mm in selective laminoplasty group and(3.3±1.2) mm in opendoor laminoplasty group,respectively.The average JOA recovery rate was 60.5％±21.3％ and 61.1％±17.9％ in selective laminoplasty and open-door laminoplasty group,respectively.There was no significant difference of JOA recovery rate between the two groups.Loss of cervical curvature indices was 3.3％±1.7％ and 3.1％± 2.4％ in selective laminoplasty and open-door laminoplasty group,respectively,with no significant difference between the two groups.The rate of patients with evident axial symptoms was 18.2％ and 33.3％ in selective laminoplasty group and open-door laminoplasty group,and the difference of the scores of cervical axial symptom was statistically significant.ConclusionThe degree of the postoperative posterior shifting of the spinal cord in open-door laminoplasty group was greater than that in selective laminoplasty group.The posterior shifting of the spinal is correlated with cord,axial symptom but not the recovery rate and curvature index.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of gentle moxibustion in treating old interphalangeal collateral ligament injury.MethodSixty patients were randomly allocated to two groups. The treatment group of 30 patients received gentle moxibustion 20-30 min once daily for two consecutive courses of treatment. The control group of 30 patients received TDP irradiation 20-30 min once daily for two consecutive courses of treatment.ResultThe excellent rate and the total excellent rate were 56.7% and 83.3%, respectively, in the treatment group and 36.7% and 76.7%, respectively, in the control group; there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P<0.01).ConclusionGentle moxibustion has a marked therapeutic effect on old interphalangeal collateral ligament injury.

Aim To investigate the influence of echi-nacoside ( ECH ) on monoaminergic neurotransmitter extracellular of the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in rat model of Alzheimer′s disease ( AD) , and ultimately to provide a theoretical basis for ECH′s improving the ability of learning and memory. Methods 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups with 10 rats in each group : sham operation group, model, ECH groups of low, medium and high doses (10, 20, 40μg ·g-1 ·d-1 ) , and Hup A ( Huperzine A, 0. 02 μg· g-1·d-1) group. The AD rat model was established by abdominal cavity injection with D-galactose and uni-laterally injected with amyloid beta-protein fragment 25-35 ( Aβ25-35 ) into the right hippocampus. Morris wa-ter maze test was used to study the animals′ ability of spatial learning and memory. The synchronous dual-probe dual-channel brain microdialysis sampling tech-nology was applied to collect dialysates from different encephalic areas continuously, and combined with HPLC electrochemical detection were used to measure the extracellular levels of norepinephrine ( NE) , dopa-mine (DA), 5-serotonin (5-HT). Results 1. Com-pared with the sham operation group, the mean escape latency of the model group was significantly prolonged ( P<0. 05 ) , and the time that rats were in the plat-form quadrant was significantly shortened ( P<0. 05 );on the contrary, compared with the model group, the mean escape latency of ECH groups were significantly shortened ( P<0. 05 ) , and the time that rats were in the platform quadrant was significantly extended ( P<0. 05). 2. Compared with the sham operation group, the contents of NE,DA and 5-HT were significantly de-creased in the model group ( P <0. 05 ) . However, compared with the model group , ECH could improve the concentrations of NE, DA, 5-HT in the hippocam-pus and cerebral cortex, and these monoamine levels of the brain regions were restored to near control. Con-clusion ECH can effectively improve the ability of learning and memory of rats with AD, giving a rise to the monoamine neurotransmitter both in hippocampus and cortex, exerting a positive effect on treatment of cognitive dysfunction . The ECH low dose group is sig-nificantly lower than the ECH groups of medium and high doses and Hup A group in improving the ability of learning and memory.

Objective To discuss the present situation and existing problems of the funded projects, especially in the gap between western region and eastern central region by analyzing the funding situation of the projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and the completed projects in the TCM field from 1989 to 2015. Methods The website was searched thoroughly, and data of Division Ⅹ of Health Science Department of National Natural Science Foundation of China from 1989 to 2015 (ie TCM, Chinese materia medica and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine) funded by the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists in China were obtained, and the projects of the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists funded by Division Ⅹ of Health Science Department of National Natural Science Foundation of China from 1989 to 2015 were included, and incomplete or inavailable items were eliminated. Relevant information according to the extracted forms was extracted. The situation of different regions and the situations of the projects have been concluded and the titles of different titles have been analyzed. Results By 2015, the number of funded projects and the amount of financing in the TCM field were increasing year by year. In the western regions, the number of funded projects and the amount of financing accounted for only 11.29% of the total number and 11.28% of the total financing. Compared with the less supporting western regions, much more were mainly in eastern and central regions. The number of SCI papers published and single cited times of the finished projects were 988 and 20.85. Compared with the developed areas in eastern and central regions, there was no statistical significance in the average number of SCI papers (P=0.493), average SCI papers cited article number (P=0.449), SCI papers in average cited frequency (P=0.589), the average CSCD papers number (P=0.579), average CSCD papers cited article number (P=0.883) and average single CSCD papers cited frequency (P=0.753) in western regions (P>0.05). Conclusion Under the stable supports of the Young Scientists Fund, scientific researches in the TCM field have achieved remarkable achievements. In addition, the ability of scientific research and innovation of the young scientific workers have been improved. The funded projects in western regions are far less than those in eastern and central regions, with great differences. However, there is no statistical significance in the research results of the items in western regions and eastern and central regions.

Aim To investigate the effects of echina-coside ( ECH ) on the learning and memory capacities and brain level of oxygen free radicals of rats with de-mentia induced by amyloid β-peptide. Methods Six-ty Sprague Dawley rats, weighing (300±10) g, were randomly divided with 10 rats pergroup into 6 groups:sham operated group, model, ECH high dose (40 mg ·kg-1·d-1), ECH middle dose (20 mg· kg-1· d-1), ECH low dose (10 mg·kg-1·d-1) and Hup A (Huperzine A, 0. 02 mg·kg-1·d-1) group. Mor-ris maze tests were conducted for evaluating the learn-ing and memory ability. Content of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and activities of superox-ide dismutase ( SOD) and NO synthase ( NOS) in the hippocampus and cortex were detected. ResultsAβ25-35 induced significant learning and memory im-pairment in the rats. Compared with the rats in model group, those treated with ECH at different doses all manifested alleviation of learning and memory impair-ment ( P<0 . 01 , P<0 . 05 ) . Cotents of MDA of ECH treatment group were obviously decreased, while SOD activities were obviously increased, and significantly reduced the release of NO and NOS in the hippocam-pus and cortex brain tissue ( P <0 . 01 , P <0.05 ) . Conclusion ECH can enhance the learning and mem-ory ability in rats with AD, which is presumably relat-ed to accelerating the cleaning of oxygen free radicals and reducing oxidative stress in brain of AD rats.

Objective: To evaluate the short-term effect of thrombus aspiration catheters combining tiroifban medication for myocardial tissue reperfusion recovery in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Methods: A total of 105 STEMI patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in our hospital from 2011-05 to 2013-05 were studied, there were 73 male and 32 female with the mean age of (58.39 ± 10.37) years. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, Group A, the patients received thrombus aspiration catheters with intravenous tiroifban, n=53 and Group B, the patients received tiroifban and PCI, n=52. The basic clinical features, myocardial tissue perfusion level, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at post operative and in-hospital period were recorded, the cardiac function was examined by echocardiography at 6 months after PCI in both groups.
Results: The basic clinical features were similar between 2 groups. The thrombolysis in myocardial infarction trial (TIMI) 3 lfow rate was higher in Group A than that in Group B (92.45% vs 55.77%), P=0.000. TIMI 2 and TIMI 0~1 lfow rates were lower in Group A than that in Group B (7.55%vs 26.92%), P=0.008 and (0%vs 17.31%), P=0.002. The adjusted TIMI frame was lower in Group A (27.26±5.50) vs (38.98±5.42), P<0.001. The echocardiography at 6 months after PCI indicated that Group A had higher LVEF than that in Group B (0.55±0.06) vs (0.47±0.06), P<0.001;lower left ventricular end diastolic diameter (50.77±5.45) vs (54.76±5.34), P<0.001;less angina and target vessel revascularization (16.98%vs 40.38%), P=0.008 and (9.43%vs 17.31%), P=0.008. The incidence of MI, acute heart failure, cardiac death and non-target vessel revascularization were similar between 2 groups, P>0.05.
Conclusion:Thrombus aspiration catheters combining tiroifban medication may obviously improve the myocardial tissue reperfusion and the short-term cardiac function in STEMI patients after PCI, it could reduce the incidence of no-relfow without increasing MACE.

Aim Tostudytheeffectsofechinacoside on striatal and hippocampus extracellular fluid of mono-amine neurotransmitter in Parkinsonˊs disease rat, and discuss the possible mechanism of the ECH effect on brainprotection.Methods Doublepointinjectionof 6-hydroxy dopamine damaged was adopted to make PD model, the corresponding drugs or normal saline were intraperitoneally injected for 4 consecutive weeks, mi-cro-dialysis program in double targets was taken after treatment, the dialysate was injected into HPLC-EDC, and striatal and hippocampus extracellular fluid of DA, DOPAC, HVA, NA, 5-HT levels of each group were measured. Results Compared with control group, striatal and hippocampus extracellular fluid of DA, DOPAC, HVA, NE, 5-HT levels were significantly re-duced in model group ( P <0. 01 ); compared with model group, striatal and hippocampus extracellular fluid of DA, DOPAC, HVA, NE, 5-HT levels were significantly increased in treatment group ( P <0 . 05 , P<0. 01 ) , and the content of five kinds of substances in ECH high dose group was similar to that in MD group.Conclusion ECHcouldincreaseextracellular monoamine neurotransmitters in striatum and hippo-campus, ECH has a therapeutic effect on PD, and echinacoside is possible mechanisms of the brain pro-tective effect of PD rats.

Aim To investigate the protective effects of echinacoside ( ECH ) on oxidative stress injury in vascular dementia rats. Methods Vascular dementia model was duplicated by means of permanent ligation of bilateral common carotid artery at two times intervals for three days. Biochemical methods was used to detect the GSH, NO, GSH-Px, NOS in each group rat’ s cor-tex and hippocampus. The change of the tissue struc-ture in CA1 area of hippocampus in each group was ob-served and analyzed by microscope after HE staining. Results Compared with sham group, the content of GSH and activity of GSH-Px in the rats of the model group were decreased significantly ( P<0. 01 ) , while the content of NO and activity of NOS were increased obviously (P<0. 05, P <0. 01). Meanwhile, in tis-sue structure of rat’ s hippocampal CA1 area, the num-bers of cells were reduced, cell arrangement was sparse and in disorder, cell form was not intact and cell struc-ture was not normal, cytoplasm, nucleus and cyto-plasm were blurry, nuclei were hyperchromatic and in contraction, and were changed to triangular or irregular shape, lacking nucleoli, and proliferation of glial cells appeared. Compared with the model group, the content of GSH and activity of GSH-Px in the rats of the treat-ment groups were increased significantly ( P<0. 05 , P<0 . 01 ) , while the activity of NOS was decreased ob-viously (P<0. 05, P<0. 01). Meanwhile, in rat tis-sue structure of hippocampal CA1 area, the rat cells in each treatment group were arranged in order, the form of structure was normal, the nuclei were less hyper-chromatic and contracted. Compared with Gal group and sham group, the rats of ECH high dosage group were not different in every part of experiment ( P >0. 05 ) . Conclusion ECH exerts protection on oxida-tive stress injury in vascular dementia rats.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of echinacoside (ECH) on cholinergic neurotransmitter extracellular of hippocampus and striatum and its possible mechanisms of neuro-protective effect against vascular dementia rats. In this study brain microdialysis technique combined with HPLC-IMER-ECD (high-performance liquid chromatography-immobilized enzyme reactor-electrochemical detector) was used. The bilateral common carotid arteries occluded in two times operation at 72 h interval for vascular dementia model rats were used and the successful vascular dementia model rats were examined by Morris water maze. The content of acetylcholine (ACh) and choline (Ch) of microdialysate extracellular of hippocampus and striatum was determined by HPLC-IMER-ECD and the AChE activity in the hippocampus was measured. The results showed that the success rate of vascular dementia model was 83.08% after six weeks; the results also showed that echinacoside and galantamine could increase the content of ACh and reduce the content of Ch extracellular of hippocampus and striatum significantly and the AChE activity increased significantly compared with that of the model group. The results suggested that echinacoside could promote the recovery of cholinergic neurotransmitter levels in vascular dementia rats' brain, which may be one of the mechanisms of neuro-protection.