The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in sports is a common knee joint injury.It is widely accepted to reconstruct ACL under arthroscopy with autologous patellar ligament or popliteal ligament fixed in tibial or femoral tunnel with interference screws.Interference screws are widely used as intra-articular fixation devices in ACL reconstruction.The ideal materials for interference screw provide rigid fixation of graft with high mechanical strength,long-lasting stiffness and the bioactivity to stimulate osteointegration and tendon-bone healing.Current interference screws are made of metals and bio-absorbable polymers.Metallic interference screws provide high mechanical strength and stiffness for tendon graft fixation,but require a second surgery for removal.Bioabsorbable interference screws made of polymers avoid second surgery for removal,but have lower mechanical strength and might cause aseprtic inflammation during its degradation as well as screw slip,tunnel enlargement and many other complications.Magnesium (Mg) has been investigated as a novel and potential biomaterials for biodegradable interference screws.Mg is essential nutrient element and has good biocompatibility.Its mechanical strength and related stiffness are much higher than that of biodegradable polymers and are close to cortical bone.Furthermore,the degradation rate of Mg in vivo could be modulated via techniques such as alloying.In previous studies,the relationship between screw design and its pull-out force has been investigated,based on which the design of interference screw is optimized.The mechanical properties (the ultimate load to failure and the related stiffness) of interference screws proved to be higher than that of bioabsorbable interference screws sharing the same design both in vitro and in vivo.Furthermore,Mg performs good biocompatibility without severe intra-articular inflammatory reactions,as well as unique bioactivities to promote osteointegration,mineral deposition and the regeneration of fibrocartilaginous entheses.The present study reviews the researches of Mg interference screws both in vitro and in vivo,gives reference for further research and has great importance for the application of Mg interference screws in ACL reconstruction.

Objective:To observe the changes of glyeemia, urine protein, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic nephropathy rats and treating effects of Xiaokekang. Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ) was abdominally administered and was feeded by high lipid diet to establish diabetic nephropathy model in rats. Animals were divided into three groups: model group, Xiaokekang treatment group and normal group. Changes in glycemia, serum lipids, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen were measured at the 8th, 12th and 16th week after STZ injection. Glycosylated hemoglobin was measured at the 16th weeks after STZ injection. Results: Glycemia, serum lipids, serum creatinine were higher at the 8th, 12th and 16th week compared with normal group. Serum creatinine was higher at the 12th and 16th week, and glycosylated hemoglobin was also highter than that of the normal group. Xiaokekang reduced these changes. Conclusion: Xiaokekang can reduce glycemia, serum lipids and protect renal function.

Sepsis is an organ dysfunction that endangers a patient's life caused by an imbalanced infection response, and is a clinically critical illness. Despite a deep understanding of the pathogenesis of sepsis, there has been no significant improvement in sepsis mortality during clinical treatment at home and abroad. In recent years, the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of sepsis has become a new research point in the field of medical research. Autophagy may protect the body by removing pathogenic microorganisms, neutralizing microbial toxins, and regulating cytokine release in sepsis. Studies have shown that autophagy plays a role in heart and lung organ dysfunction and inflammatory immune response in sepsis. Studies have also shown that hydrogen sulphide (H 2S) can activate autophagy through multiple signaling pathways, such as adenylate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR), phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt/mTOR (PI3K/Akt/mTOR), liver kinase B1/STE20 related adapter protein/mouse protein 25 (LKB1/STRAD/MO25) and microRNA-30c (miR-30c), etc. signaling pathways. This article reviewed the effects of H 2S on autophagy-related genes Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein light 3 chain (LC3) on intestinal function of sepsis in order to explore the H 2S-mediated autophagy gene expression in pus. The protective role of autophagy gene for intestinal dysfunction provides a new strategy for the treatment of sepsis in the future.

OBJECTIVETo establish an optimized method for extracting saponins from Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng (Sanqi).

METHODHPLC coupled with charged aerosol detector (CAD) was used for saponins determination. Peak areas of the main saponins notoginsenoside R1, ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rg2, Rh1 and Rd in Sanqi were monitored to evaluate the extract effectiveness. One-factor analysis was conducted to investigate the factors of particle size, solvent, extraction method and soaking time. Orthogonal experiment design L9 (3(4)) with different level of concentration of solvents, extraction time, extraction times and volume of the solvent, was implemented to determine the optimized extract condition.

RESULTThe optimum extract technique was that the dried and well pulverized (passed through a 80 mesh (180 +/-7.6) microm sample 1.0 g was extracted in 20 mL methanol by reflux (1.5 h) after soaked at room temperature for 0.5 h.

CONCLUSIONThe optimized technique is simple and high extraction efficiency. It provide basic data for further study on Sanqi.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 monitoring cases in Yinzhou district based on health big data platform to provide evidence for the construction of COVID-19 monitoring system.Methods:Data on Yinzhou COVID-19 daily surveillance were collected. Information on patients’ population classification, epidemiological history, COVID-19 nucleic acid detection rate, positive detection rate and confirmed cases monitoring detection rate were analyzed.Results:Among the 1 595 COVID-19 monitoring cases, 79.94% were community population and 20.06% were key population. The verification rate of monitoring cases was 100.00%. The total percentage of epidemiological history related to Wuhan city or Hubei province was 6.27% in total, and was 2.12% in community population and 22.81% in key population ( P<0.001). The total COVID-19 nucleic acid detection rate was 18.24% (291/1 595), and 53.00% in those with epidemiological history and 15.92% in those without ( P<0.001).The total positive detection rate was 1.72% (5/291) and the confirmed cases monitoring detection rate was 0.31% (5/1 595). The time interval from the first visit to the first nucleic acid detection of the confirmed monitoring cases and other confirmed cases was statistically insignificant ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The monitoring system of COVID-19 based on the health big data platform was working well but the confirmed cases monitoring detection rate need to be improved.

Objective:To assess the safety and feasibility of selectively preserving the first branch of the right gastro-omental artery using bidirectional dissection in laparoscopic pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (LPPG).Methods:In this retrospective analysis, we studied preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative, and follow-up data of 30 patients with early gastric cancer treated in the Department of Gastric Cancer in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital (28 patients), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery in Jiaxing Second Hospital (one patient) and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery in Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital (one patient) who had undergone selective preservation of the first branch of the right gastro-omental artery during LPPG. The main variables studied were as follows: (1) intraoperative preservation of the first branch of the right gastro-omental artery; (2) the overall surgical situation; and (3) postoperative small bowel follow-through and endoscopy findings.Results:LPPG with selective preservation of the right gastro-omental artery vascular branch was achieved in all 30 of the study patients. The mean operation time was (244.3±29.3) minutes and the median intraoperative blood loss 50 (20–200) mL. The median tumor diameter was 1.2 (0.5–3.6) cm and an average of 32.3±11.6 lymph nodes were dissected. The overall median number of positive lymph nodes was 0 (0–6), and of No. 6 lymph nodes 5.1±1.5. Postoperative feeding resumed at an average of 5.2±0.5 days and the postoperative hospital stay averaged 8.4±3.4 days. Pathological stages were as follows: T1a (14 cases), T1b (10 cases), and T2 (6 cases). Small bowel follow-through imaging showed good results in 28 patients 5 days post-surgery, the remaining two exhibiting good results 9 days post-surgery. There were no instances of delayed gastric emptying, and only one patient (3.3%) developed intra-abdominal infection (resolved with conservative treatment).Conclusion:Selective preservation of the right gastro-omental artery during laparoscopic early gastric cancer surgery is a safe and feasible procedure for treating early mid-gastric body cancer with pyloric preservation.

Objective:To assess the safety and feasibility of selectively preserving the first branch of the right gastro-omental artery using bidirectional dissection in laparoscopic pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (LPPG).Methods:In this retrospective analysis, we studied preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative, and follow-up data of 30 patients with early gastric cancer treated in the Department of Gastric Cancer in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital (28 patients), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery in Jiaxing Second Hospital (one patient) and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery in Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital (one patient) who had undergone selective preservation of the first branch of the right gastro-omental artery during LPPG. The main variables studied were as follows: (1) intraoperative preservation of the first branch of the right gastro-omental artery; (2) the overall surgical situation; and (3) postoperative small bowel follow-through and endoscopy findings.Results:LPPG with selective preservation of the right gastro-omental artery vascular branch was achieved in all 30 of the study patients. The mean operation time was (244.3±29.3) minutes and the median intraoperative blood loss 50 (20–200) mL. The median tumor diameter was 1.2 (0.5–3.6) cm and an average of 32.3±11.6 lymph nodes were dissected. The overall median number of positive lymph nodes was 0 (0–6), and of No. 6 lymph nodes 5.1±1.5. Postoperative feeding resumed at an average of 5.2±0.5 days and the postoperative hospital stay averaged 8.4±3.4 days. Pathological stages were as follows: T1a (14 cases), T1b (10 cases), and T2 (6 cases). Small bowel follow-through imaging showed good results in 28 patients 5 days post-surgery, the remaining two exhibiting good results 9 days post-surgery. There were no instances of delayed gastric emptying, and only one patient (3.3%) developed intra-abdominal infection (resolved with conservative treatment).Conclusion:Selective preservation of the right gastro-omental artery during laparoscopic early gastric cancer surgery is a safe and feasible procedure for treating early mid-gastric body cancer with pyloric preservation.

Melatonin is an indoleamine secreted by the pineal gland and plays a key role in a variety of physiological activities, including the regulation of circadian rhythm, immune response, oxidative process and apoptosis. In recent years, the anti-tumor properties of melatonin have attracted more and more attention. A large number of studies have found that melatonin plays a protective role in the early process of acute pancreatitis and can inhibit the production of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells through apoptosis; moreover, it can regulate the synthesis and secretion of pancreatic endocrine hormones through autophagy and affect the development of pancreatic endocrine tumors. Therefore, melatonin may affect the development of pancreatic disease, but the mechanism of its action on pancreatic diseases has not been fully understood. This paper reviews the research progress of melatonin and pancreatic diseases in recent years, analyzes the role of melatonin in pancreatic diseases and the therapeutic effect of melatonin combined with chemotherapy drugs on pancreatic cancer.

Medical device imaging data augmentation is a method of expanding existing datasets by generating new data samples,which is of great significance for improving the performance of artificial intelligence(AI)medical device-related models and clinical application effects.However,traditional data augmentation methods are usually limited by the quality,realism,and diversity of generated samples.Denoising diffusion probabilistic model(DDPM)is a generative model based on the noise diffusion process,and its main idea is to generate samples with high quality by modelling the sampling process of the target distribution as a process of progressive denoising from the noise distribution.The basic principles and working mechanisms of DDPM were reviewed,the application scenarios of this method in AI medical device data augmentation were analyzed,and its advantages,challenges,and future development directions were explored to provide a reference for the field of AI medical device data augmentation.

In China， the incidence of ischemic heart disease （IHD） is increasing year by year， which brings enormous burden to families and society. It is urgent to find preferable treatment methods and medical therapies. The Chinese ethnic minority medicine has gradually developed unique theoretical systems and therapeutic characteristics on the basis of clinical experience and thinking modes including image-number thinking and the holistic perspective. Consequently， it possesses huge application capacity and research value in prevention and treatment of IHD. Belonging to the medical system based on the view of nature and life， the Tibetan medicine， Mongolian medicine， and Dai medicine have respectively formed theories like "three elements" "three life-sustaining energies" "four elements and five skandhas （aggregates）" ， have put forward unique understandings of IHD and have formed corresponding therapeutic principles and methods， generating plentiful classic prescriptions represented by Sanwei Tanxiang powder， Bawei Chenxiang powder， Roukou Wuwei pills and Yajiao Hadun powder. They also contain characteristic ethnic medicine resources such as Choerospondiatis Fructus， Rhodiola Rosea and Draconis Sanguis. Aiming to provide enlightenment and reference for the clinical application and development of the Chinese ethnic minority medicine for the prevention and treatment of IHD， the authors try to summarize the related researches represented by Tibetan and Mongolian medicines， and then discuss the opportunities and challenges faced by such researches.