Objective To explore the relationship between postpartum depression and experiential avoidance of parturient and to provide empirical evidences for acceptance and commitment therapy in mental treatment of postpartum depression.Methods 309 pregnant women were assessed with self-made general information questionnaire,self-rating depression scale (SDS) and acceptance and action questionnaire-2nd edition (AAQ-Ⅱ) in predelivery periods and 3-7 days after childbirth respectively.Results AAQ-Ⅱ scores in the predelivery or postpartum depression group ((18.54±8.25),(19.07±7.82)) were higher than that in the normal group((15.47±7.03),(14.57±6.57)),and the difference was statistically significant(t=-3.15,-5.07,all P＜0.01).It was found that the predelivery or postpartum AAQ-Ⅱ scores were positively associated with the SDS scores of predelivery periods and postpartum periods respectively(r=0.34,0.34,0.24,0.42,all P＜0.01).Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were then conducted.In the first block,neonatal exceptional conditions and the predelivery SDS significantly explained variance in postpartum depression(β=0.09,0.62,all P＜0.01).In the second block,the predelivery AAQ-Ⅱ still had a significant effect on postpartum depression (β=0.13,P=0.006,△R2=0.01,P=0.006),despite control the age of parturient women,postpartum complication,neonatal exceptional conditions and the predelivery SDS.Conclusion A function to predict the occurrence of maternal postpartum depression is obtained from the experiential avoidance which is attributed to the risk of maternal postpartum depression.

Pharmaceutical analysis is a discipline based on chemical, physical, biological, and information technologies. At present, biotechnological analysis is a short branch in pharmaceutical analysis; however, bioanalysis is the basis and an important part of medicine. Biotechnological approaches can provide information on biological activity and even clinical efficacy and safety, which are important characteristics of drug quality. Because of their advantages in reflecting the overall biological effects or functions of drugs and providing visual and intuitive results, some biotechnological analysis methods have been gradually applied to pharmaceutical analysis from raw material to manufacturing and final product analysis, including DNA super-barcoding, DNA-based rapid detection, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, hyperspectral imaging combined with artificial intelligence, 3D biologically printed organoids, omics-based artificial intelligence, microfluidic chips, organ-on-a-chip, signal transduction pathway-related reporter gene assays, and the zebrafish thrombosis model. The applications of these emerging biotechniques in pharmaceutical analysis have been discussed in this review.