In order to effectively and smoothly conduct an assessment of students' study in medical physics,it is necessary to design the assessment criteria for enhancing students' development in medical physics study.This paper deals with the construction of the assessment system and the design of the assessment criteria for evaluating students' study in the education of medical physics.

0.05) but quite different from European and African's(P

Objective To evaluate the CT values in diagnosis of renal tuberculosis. Methods 26 cases were collected , the CT findings of renal tuberculosis were analysed and compared with the data of operation-pathology and clinical followed up. Results Of 26 cases, 22 cases diagnosed by CT as renal tuberculosis of one side were confirmed by operation-pathology but one (pseudaneurysm). Bilateral renal tuberculosis and renal cysts were diagnosed in 2 cases respectively by CT, while these 4 cases were confirmed as tuberculosis by other auxiliary checking methods and followed-up. The multiple tuberculoses cavities appeared as a petal-shape low-density area and other untypical signs on CT. The single cavity only showed as a low-density area should be distinguished with cystonephrosis. At early renal tuberculosis, a great quantity of effusion beneath the perinephrium was the only sign on CT.Conclusion CT scan has a special value for diagnosis renal tuberculosis. Typical renal tuberculosis can be made closely combining with the clinical information.

How to select and organize the content of course is an important component in curriculum reform. The special part for medicine in medical physics has characteristics of medical college, and is essential. The integration of this part is difficulty in curriculum reform of medical physics. In detail, the corresponding part of physics for medicine is integrated into a topic, which followed the part of classical physics. We adopted the method of special-topic teaching. Based on teaching experiences and in combination with the practical condition of the medical college, this paper selects and recombines some course content for medicine from medical physics, which is adopted by five-year medical students. Furthermore, some teaching requirement and guidance suggestion are presented.

The first part of the work consists of thiamine analysis of 5 allotments of rice samples bought from retail shops in various districts in Canton from the end of 1954 to the beginning of 1957. Usually seven grades of rice are available, and the grades differ both in variety and extraction rate.It is found that the thiamine content of rice bought at the same time, or of the same grade bought within a few months may vary considerably. Two-third of the samples contain 0.11 to 0.18 mg of thiamine per 100 g of rice but it takes the range of 0.05 to 0.27 mg per 100 g to cover all the samples. With the exception of the lowest grade, the thiamine content in general increases with the lowering of grade and decrease of price.The second part of the work studies the influence of variety and of extraction rate upon the thiamine, niacin, riboflavin and protein content of rice. Seven varieties of rice commonly used for the seven grades extracted at different rates are obtained from a local rice mill by special arrangement with the City Food Bureau. 'Results show that milling decreases the content of these 3 vitamins and of protein, the decrease for thiamine and niacin being greater than for the other two nutrients. However, not only the original content of these nutrients in husked rice may vary, but also their degree of loss in milling may differ. Of the varieties studied the lowest grade of husked rice contains the greatest amounts of all the four nutrients while the "Super Grade A" tends to lose the least during milling. As a result, the milled products of these two varieties tend to contain slightly larger quantities of these nutrients.

This paper deals with the program for the course content concordance of medical physics for the five-year medical students based on the course theory,in combination with the practical condition of the medical college,and by means of the study of course theory,course objectives and the textbook.

Background and purpose:Adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) has a high incidence of early recurrence and metastasis after operation. The prognosis of AEG is poor. However, few studies have investigated the recurrence of AEG. The purpose of this study was to clarify the important clinical pathological factors affecting the early recurrence ofⅠ,Ⅱ type of AEG after operation. Thus more active treatment for patients at high risk of recurrence may improve the prognosis.Methods:This study retrospectively reviewed the clinical data from 145 AEG patients who underwent R0 resection during the period from Dec. 2008 to Dec. 2012. Risk factors associated with the early recurrence were analyzed.Results:The mean time to tumor recurrence was 25.4 months after R0 resection, and the 1-year recurrence rate was 38.6%. Univariate analysis showed that the histological grade (degree of tumor differentiation), number of positive lymph nodes, TNM stage and vascular invasion were signiifcantly related with the early recurrence (P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that only histological grade and vascular invasion were independently related with early tumor recurrence (P<0.05).Conclusion:Histological grade and vascular invasion are independent risk factors for predicting the early tumor recurrence after R0 resection for AEG.

Aim: A new derivative LC-MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of zofenopril and its active metabolite zofenoprilat to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of zofenopril and zofenopri-lat in healthy Chinese volunteers after single and multiple oral doses of zofenopril calcium tablets. Methods: Ten Chinese healthy volunteers were given three single oral doses of 15,30, and 60 mg, respectively, and consecutively the multiple doses of 30 mg. The concentration and pharmacokinetic parameters of both the parent drug and the active metabolite were simultaneously determined by derivative LC-MS method using p-bromophenacyl bromide (p-BPB) as the derivative reagent. Results: After the single oral administrations of 15, 30, and 60 mg of zofeno-pril calcium, there was no significant difference in the t_(1/2) of both zofenopril and zofenoprilat among the three do-ses. The values of AUC_(0-24h) and c_(max) for both zofenopril and zofenoprilat showed the good linearities to the dosage over the dose range from 15 mg to 60 mg. There were no significant differences in AUC_(0-24h) and c_(max) for both com-pounds between female and male volunteers. After multiple oral administration( 30 mg once daily for 6 days ), the average steady state plasma concentration( c_(av)) for zofenopril was (5. 07 ±1. 06) ng/mL with the degree of fluctu-ation (DF) of 14. 26 ± 2. 94. The c_(av) for zofenoprilat was (6. 28 ± 1. 87) ng/mL with the DF of 11. 61 ±4. 68. The accumulation index values for zofenopril and zofenoprilat were 0. 94 ± 0. 31 and 0. 83±0. 13, respec-tively. Conclusion: Both zofenopril and zofenoprilat were demonstrated of linear kinetics after single administra-tion and showed no accumulation after multiple administration of the test zofenopril calcium tablets. There was significant difference in the pharmacokinetic characteristics for zofenopril calcium between healthy Chinese and European volunteers.

Objective:To investigate the outcomes of applying microvascular anastomotic coupling de-vices in solitary upper extremity artery injury repairs and to optimize parameters for optimal clinical out-come.Methods:From March to September 2013,19 injured arteries from 18 male patients who presen-ted at Department of Hand Surgery,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital with traumatic arterial lacerations of their upper extremities went through rapid repair procedures.COUPLER,a microvascular anastomotic coupling device was applied in these artery injury repair operations.The 19 repaired arteries included 3 brachial arteries,6 ulnar arteries and 10 radial arteries.After the procedures,all the 18 patients were then fol-lowed up by clinical specialists and examined with color doppler flow imaging for the effective recovery of artery circulation and upper extremities functionality.Results:The average time of artery repairs for all the 19 damaged arteries among the 18 patients was 278 s and the average follow-up time was (71.5 ± 40.9)d with the longest follow-up time as 116 d and shortest as 14 d.No patient returned to the opera-ting room after the procedures and after being dismissed from the hospital.None of the 18 cases were re-ported to have problems with circulation and thrombosis formation in their upper extremities.Color Doppler imaging showed that the arterial anastomotic site for all the 19 repaired arteries were unobstructed with artery blood spectrum at both ends.Three patients with radial artery repairs complained about mild pressure pain at the site of vascular anastomosis;while the other 15 patients all expressed satisfactory outcomes of the surgery and recovery.These evidences indicated that the outcomes of our initial evalua-tion for the solitary upper extremity artery injury repairs by using anastomotic coupling devices were posi-tive.Conclusion:Our observations have showed that microvascular anastomotic coupling devices can be used for repairing of solitary upper extremity artery injures.The procedures are quick,effective and safe. The clinical application of this microvascular anastomotic coupling device in artery injures is promising, however,additional evidences through further clinical investigation with more cases are warranted.

objective To investigate the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisma (SNP)rsl0053538 and r810515746 in Tim-3(T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain protein 3) gene promoter region and child allergic asthma in Chinese Han population from Hubei province by using faro-ily-based association study．Methods Cenotypes of 2 SNPs(rs10053538 and rs10515746)within Tim-3 gene in 118 allergic flsthma nuclear pedigrees were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequencing．Two family-based designs，transmission disequilibrium test(TDT)and haplotype-based haplotype relaive risk(HRR)were employed for the data analysis．Haplotypes and their frequencies in 118 nuclear pedigrees were established and analyzed by Transmit software．Results The HRR analysis showed no increased risks of contracting the disease owing to rs10053538 and rs10515746 polymorphisma of Tim-3 promoter in our 118 tries(X2=2．430，P>0．05；x2=1．368，P>O．05)．N0 transmission disequilibrium was found from heterozygous parents onto patients in our 118 tries analyzed by TDT(x2=2．042，P>0．05；X2=0．750，P>0．05)．The haplotype analysis also showed no biased transmission of rs10053538 and rs10515746 haplotypes from parents to the affected offsprings(P>0．05)．Condusion The two SNPs rs10053538 and rs10515746 in Tim-3 gene promoter region are not associated with susceptibility to child allergic asthma in Chinese Han population from Hubei province．