Objective To observe the clinical results of free dorsal forearm mini-osteo-cutaneous flap to repair the bone and soft tissue defect of finger. Methods The mini-osteo-cutaneous flap pedicled on the osteo-cutaneous branch of dorsal branch of anterior interosseous artery was designed on the radial side of the distal dorsal forearm along the connective line between the Lister's tubercle and the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, the point of the cutaneous branch of dorsal branch of anterior interosseous artery entry the skin was about 3.5 cm proximal to the Lister's tubercle. The dimensions of the osteo-cutaneous-flap were planned according to the defect of recipient. The incision begins along the ulnar board of the flap and the septum between the extensor pollicis brevis muscle and the extensor pollicis longus muscle was exposed, the osteo-cutaneous branch of dorsal branch of anterior interosseous artery was indentified, then the cutaneous flap and osteo-flap was raised respectively, the osteo-cutaneous branch was dissected deeply to the origin and sectioned, the donor site was closed directly. The vascular pedicle of the osteo-cutaneous flap was anastomosed with the digital artery and dorsal vein respectively. From Jul. 1999 to Jan. 2005, 7 fingers of 7 males suffered bone and soft tissue defect with the average of 25 years old ranging from 18 to 37 years old were performed. Results All the 7 free mini-osteo-cutaneous flaps were survived completely, the dimensions of the cutaneous-flap and osteo-flap were 2.5 cm ? 3.0 cm to 4.5 cm ? 3.5 cm, 2.5 cm ? 1.0 cm to 3.5 cm ? 1.2 cm respectively. The osteo-flap was united with recipient bone 2 to 3 months after the transplantation and the donor site was closed by direct suture without tension, the appearance of the reconstructed finger by mini-osteo-cutaneous flap was perfect. Conclusion The free dorsal forearm mini-osteo-cutaneous flap pedicled on the osteo-cutaneous branch of dorsal branch of anterior interosseous artery was one of the optimal flap to reconstruct bone and soft tissue defect of the finger.

A nutrition survey is made on some workers in a mine in Kwangtung during the winter of 1954. It is found that the workers come from different parts of China, but chiefly from Kwangtung with Shangtung and Liaoning next largest in number. The type of work varies from sedentary to heavy mining work. Workers eat in several dining halls of various types and they shift about as much as they like. Under these conditions, making dietary survey becomes a rather complicated undertaking.To facilitate analysis and tabulation of data, we have arbitrarily divided workers into southerners and northerners, the former being natives of rice-producing areas and the latter from areas producing other types of cereals. They are again sub-divided into four groups according to their type of work: group Ⅰ, very heavy work involving loading and carrying; groupⅡ, only a part of the work is heavy; group Ⅲ, light work; group Ⅳ, sedentary work.The survey is reported in two parts: Part Ⅰ deals with dietary investigations, Part Ⅱwith physical measurements and clinical findings.A detailed dietary investigation of 3-day duration is made of workers eating more or less steadily in two dining halls and only a general observation is made on the other four dining halls. The former is carried out by weighing the amount of food raw and after it is cooked and noting the number of portions divided into. Since the food is served more or less on the cafeteria style, it is necessary to ask the workers to keep a record of the specific dish or dishes chosen and the size and number of bowls of rice and/or the number of pieces of steamed bread consumed.The workers have three meals a day, the dietary pattern being more or less the same for all the meals. Vegetable oil is rationed and supplied in fairly adequate quantities. Both rice and bread are served as staple food and supplied in sufficient amounts. Since the mines are located in mountainous areas, the supply of fresh vegetables becomes a difficult problem, especially during the winter months. The daily menu tends to be somewhat monotonous.The calculated results show in general that the intake of calories may be considered as adequate. More than 80% of it is supplied by cereals principally in the form of rice or wheat.Protein is supplied chiefly by cereals and the quantity of protein ingested parallels closely with the calorie intake. It decreases from 80 grams or more per capita daily for the very heavy men workers (group Ⅰ) to 77 grams for the moderately heavy men workers (group II). The light workers (group III) consume still less protein, while the sedentary workers (group IV) are able to afford more meat and have a higher protein intake. The northerners tend to eat more wheat flour, so their protin intake calculated on the basis of percent of calories is higher.Calcium intake is found to be uniformly low for all the groups, more so for men than women, averaging less than 400 mg per person per day.The intake of iron may be considered as adequate.The amount of riboflavin averages only 0.50-0.70 mg per capita per day. Thiamine intake seems to be adequate. The adequacy of vitamin A supply is questionable, averaging 1,000-2,000 I.U., provided almost exclusively in the form of carotenes and in the winter time, vegetables are often stored for some time before use. The calculated vitamin C intake is probably much higher than the actual intake because the vegetables are not only stored but methods known to cause considerable loss of vitamin C are employed in the preparation of food.

In part Ⅱ, are presented the results of the physical measurements, which include standing height, body weight, shoulder width and grip strength, made on children of middle school and children's homes. Pelidisi index is calculated by using Pirquet's formula. In tables 1 to 6 are tabulated the average results of boys and girls of ages from 12 to 18 years old. Since the results of children's homes differ from those of the middle schools, they are tabulated separately. The differences in standing height and body weight of these two groups of children are shown in figures 1 and 2. The children from the Homes are considerably shorter and lighter than school children of the some age range. The boys tend also to be narrower in shoulder width.Compared with the physical measurements of the children of Shenyang in the northeast China, the Cantonese children are slightly taller and heavier at the beginning of this age range but the children of the Northeast grow at a slightly more rapid rate, so that at 18 years of age, they are about 2 cm taller, with approximately the same body weight.Hand grip measurements show that girls have only 2/3 the grip strength of boys. Values of Pelidisi are calculated for a]l the children. It is found that this index does not proper]y represent the nutritional status of the children of Canton. By all the other indices of the state of nutrition used in this survey, the school children are rated as having a higher nutritional status, than those of the children's home, while the Pelidisi ratcs them lower.Nutrition is considered to be one of the factors which causes differences in the growth and development of the various groups of children compared.

Thirty-six middle schools' boys, 14 to 19 years of age are selected as subjects. Most of them have been previously found to show symptoms associated with riboflavin deficiency. Their riboflavin intake is calculated to be about 0.4 mg per person per day.A one-hour urine sample is collected at S a. m. Immediately after collection, the boys are subjected to a 2 mg riboflavin loading test administered orally. Hourly urine samples' are collected for the four hours directly following the intake.The subjects are divided into 4 groups with 8 to 10 students in each group. Each student in group I is given orally a daily riboflavin supplement of 0.5 mg; group II, 1.0 mg; group III, 1.5 mg; and group IV receives no riboflavin supplement, but ointment treatment for scrotal dermatitis is applied. The procedure is carried out for a period of 14 days. The boys eat the ordinary school food and participate in the usual school activities.At the end of the 14-day period, a 1-hour urine sample is again collected. Another 2 mg loading test is performed, hourly urine samples being collected for 4 hours. All the urine samples are preserved with glacial acetic acid and toluene and stored in an electric refrigerator. The Lactobacillus casei method is used for the analysis of riboflavin.The results of the one-hour urine riboflavin analysis agree well with the dietary survey, showing very low values before the supplement, averaging 1.4 micrograms for the hour. After the administration of the supplement for two weeks, the riboflavin content in the one-hour urine samples increases stepwise with the increase in supplement, the highest being 11.4 for the 1.5 mg supplemented group. No increase is observed in the group IV using ointments.The 4-hourly urinary riboflavin excretion following the administration of the 2 mg load averages over per cent before the supplement and increases to 11.5, 15.6 and 17.8 per cent for the 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg supplemented groups respectively. The curves in Fig. 1 show the hourly excretion of the 3 groups before and after supplementation.Clinical observations show that supplementation of 1 mg or more relieves some of the deficiency symptoms.It is suggested that in addition to the daily intake of about 0.4 mg 時iboflavin in the diet, 1.5 mg more should be added to keep the middle school boys in optimal riboflavin nutrition.

Objective To observe the anti-atherosclerosis (AS) mechanisms of Shuxinwenban granules by observing its effects on the serum level of MMP-9, the expression of VEGF and the formation of the plaques in rabbits. Methods Totally 40 healthy female and male rabbits were divided into control group, model group, Shuxinwenban granules group and Simvastatin group. Control group was treated with basic diet, and other groups were treated with high cholesterol diet for 12 weeks to make AS rabbit models. The treatment groups were given corresponding drugs by gavage for 4 weeks. The serum levels of MMP-9 in rabbits were detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent method and the surface density of VEGF in the atherosclerotic plaques by immunohistochemical staining, at the same time, the pathological changes of the aorta and atheroclerotic plaques were observed. Results Compared with the model group, Shuxinwenban granules significantly decreased the serum levels of MMP-9, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Similarly, Shuxinwenban granules could significantly decrease the surface density of VEGF in atherosclerotic plaques, the difference was also statistically significant (P<0.01). Pathology showed that the intervention of Shuxinwenban granules decreased the area of atherosclerotic plaque, caused the plaque to smaller and thinner. Conclusion Shuxinwenban granules blocked the inflammatory response by inhibiting the expression of VEGF in atherosclerotic plaque and decreasing the levels of MMP-9 in serum, which lessened the formation of the atherosclerotic plaques.

Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) is positioned to provide various strategies for people with disabilities for achieving the embracing development of the community. CBR is also the terminal of the three-level rehabilitation service system. This paper analyzed the status of domestic community-based rehabilitation based on the document, discussed the possible problems referred to the international concepts about CBR, and suggested a new service pattern of CBR based on the internet and information technology.

BACKGROUND: Acellular bladder submucosa is a natural extracellular matrix, which is mainly composed of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ. It is regarded as an ideal biological scaffold material. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biocompatibility of acellular bladder submucosa as a tissue engineered scaffold material. METHODS: Pig urinary bladder was immersed in the solution of PBS and sodium azide for a night, and the mucosa was removed. Acellular bladder submucosa was prepared using continuous hypotension, freeze-thawed treatment and NaOH spallation. The biocompatibility of acellular bladder submucosa was evaluated through histologic structure, DNA residual, cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, as well as subcutaneous inflammatory reactions. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cell components were completely eliminated after deoellularization treatment, while the extracellular matrix was remained intact as normal bladder:According to MTT results, cytotoxicity of acellular bladder matrix was assigned to be the first grade. No DNA signal was observed after extraction, and the matrix also supported porcine smooth muscle cell attachment and proliferation. Subcutaneous implantation of the matrix indicated that the acellular bladder submucosa trigger no immunologic rejection reaction obviously. The results demonstrated that: the acellular bladder submucosa prepared here exhibits excellent biocompatibility, which can be used as substitution in tissue-engineering field.

Objective To identify a causative gene of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) in a Chinese family,and to analyze the genotype-phenotype correlation.Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from the proband,his elder brother and parents,and genomic DNA was extracted from these blood samples.Genome-wide exome sequencing was conducted to determine the mutation site in the proband,and then allele-specific oligonucleotide primers were designed based on the mutation site.PCR was performed to detect the mutation site to further identify the causative gene of ARCI in the family.Results A new homozygous missense mutation was identified in exon 4 in 1 allele of the PNPLA1 gene in the proband,which led to a codon change from cytosine (C) to thymine (T) at position 700 (c.700C ＞ T) and resulted in the substitution of proline by serine (p.pro234ser).The same mutation was also detected in the proband's brother,and his parents were the mutation carriers.No mutations were found in unrelated healthy Chinese individuals.Conclusion The missense mutation in the PNPLA1 gene (p.pro234ser) is associated with clinical symptoms of the patient with ARCI.

Objective To study effects ofXiangsha Liujunzi Decoction (XSLJZ) on gastric emptying function, pepsin activity and expression of HIF-1α gene and protein of gastric mucosa in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) of rats with deficiency of spleen and stomach.Methods Rats were randomly divided into normal group and model group. The models of CAG rats with deficiency of spleen and stomach type were induced by synthetic methods. After the modeling, models rats were divided into model group, positive control group and XSLJZ high-, medium-, and low-dose groups. Normal group and model group were given 10 mL/kg distilled water every day for gavage; XSLJZ high-, medium-, and low-dose groups were given 24, 12, and 6 g/kg XSLJZ Decoction for gavage; positive control group was given 0.30 g/kg Vatacoenayme for gavage, for successive 120 d. Gastric emptying function and pepsin activity were detected, and HIF-1α gene and protein expression in gastric mucosa were detected by RT-qPCR and IHC. Results Compared with the normal group, the gastric emptying function and pepsin activity in the model group were much lower (P<0.01); expressions of HIF-1α gene and protein in gastric tissues was much higher (P<0.01). Compared with model group, XSLJZ could increase the gastric emptying function and pepsin activity significantly (P<0.05), and decrease expressions of HIF-1α gene and protein (P<0.05).Conclusion XSLJZ has functions of improving the gastric emptying function, promoting pepsin activity, and reducing expressions of HIF-1α gene and protein.

We purified a sarcosine oxidase from Bacillus sp. strain BSD-8 isolated from soil. We purified the enzyme by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose, Toyopearl hydrophobic and Sephadex G-75 molecular sieve chromatography and characterized the purified sarcosine oxidase. This sarcosine oxidase was a flavin enzyme containing a noncovalently bound flavin with the subunit molecular mass of 51 kDa. The optimal temperature for this enzyme was 60 degrees C and it showed its highest activity at pH 8.5. It was stable in the pH range of 8.0-10.0 and at the temperature of 60 degrees C. Estimated by Lineveaver-Burk plots, the K(m) of the enzyme was 3.1 mmol/L. Ag+, Hg2+, SDS and Tween 80 dramatically inhibted the enzyme activity, whereas Tween 20 and Triton X-100 had no effect on enzyme activity. The thermostability of this enzyme was better than reported sarcosine oxidases, and it could be applied in enzymatic measuring of creatinine.
Bacillus ; enzymology ; isolation & purification ; Bacterial Proteins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Chemical Precipitation ; Enzyme Stability ; Sarcosine Oxidase ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Soil Microbiology