Objective To observe the effects of low frequency electrical stimulation (LFES) on the proliferation of endogenous brain neural stem cells (NSCs) and on the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in rats with acute cerebral infarction; to explore the therapeutic mechanism of LFES in improving neural function. Methods Fifty-four rats were randomly divided into a LFES group, a placebo stimulation group and a sham-operated group. Each group was further divided into 3rd day, 7th day and 14th day subgroups, with 6 rats in each subgroup. An acute cerebral infarction model was induced in the rats of the LFES and placebo stimulation groups by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Three days after the operation, rats in the LFES group began LFES treatment (frequency 30 Hz, pulse width 250 μs, current intensity 3 mA, 10 min/d) ,while the placebo stimulation group was treated identically but without electricity. The rats in the sham-operated group had no special treatment. The expression of nestin positive cells in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The expression of bFGF, EGF proteins and mRNA in the ischemic hemisphere was detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR analysis. A screen test was applied to evaluate motor function. Results Nestin-positive cells in the subgranular and subventricular zones of rats in the LFES group increased significantly more than in the placebo stimulation group at the 7th and 14th day. The expression of bFGF, EGF proteins and mRNA in the ischemic hemisphere was up-regulated compared to the placebo stimulation group at the 7th and 14th day. At the 14th day a difference in motor function was observed in rats in the LFES group compared with the placebo stimulation group. Conclusion LFES can promote the proliferation of endogenous brain NSCs and the expression of bFGF and EGF in rats with acute cerebral infarction. It can also improve motor function and enhance neural plasticity in the brain.

A poly( GMA-EGDMA) coated SPME fiber was prepared using an in-situ polymerization by direct bonding to the surface of a polydopamine-modified stainless steel wire. Then the fiber was modified by sulfuric acid. A novel solid phase microextraction coating coupled to high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) method based on the as-prepared fiber was developed for the determination of four pharmaceuticals and personal care products ( PPCPs) in water samples. The influences of extraction parameters, including pH, extraction time, extraction temperature and salt addition were investigated. 3 mL water sample was extracted by the as-prepared fiber for 60 min at 30 ℃, and then desorbed with mobile phase for 30 min, respectively. Desorption solution was analyzed by HPLC-DAD ( diode array detection ) . The results indicated that the extraction yield of the fiber was good for four PPCPs. The linear correlation coefficients were>0. 997 with the linear range of 2-200 μg/L. The limits of detection (S/N=3) were 0. 5-5 μg/L with RSD (n=5) of 4. 1%-11. 9%. The recoveries of four PPCPs at spiked level of 20, 50, 100 μg/L were within the range of 70. 6%-105. 5%. The results showed that this method was easy, green, accurate and precise, and could be used to assay the four PPCPs in real water samples.

Objective To study changes in synaptic plasticity in the contralesional mirror area of the cortexes of rats with cerebral infarction treated by low-frequency electrical stimulation(LFES)and to explore the therapeutic mechanism of LFES on the molecular level.Methods Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into a LFES group,a placebo group and a sham-operation group.Following middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO),rats in the LFES group were treated with LFES for 7 d(20 min/d),while the ones in placebo group were connected with the same LFES device but without electricity.Rats in the sham-operation group were subjected to a MCAO operation without occlusion and then received no special treatment.Synaptic ultra-structures and the expression levels of glia fibrillary acidic protein(CFAP)and synaptophysin in the contralesional mirror area of the cortexes of the rats in each group were measured with electron-microscopy and Western blotting.Results Compared with the placebo group or the rats before treatment,rats treated with LFES exhibited ultra-structural changes in the form of larger curvature of synaptic interfaces and narrower synaptic clefts.GFAP expression levels did not fluctuate significantly,but the expression of synaptophysin was significantly up-regulated.Conclusion LFES treatment can induce active changes in synaptic plasticity in the contralesional mirror area of the cortex of rats after cerebral infarction.

Objective To study the effects of low-frequency electrical stimulation(LFES)on motor function and the expression of glia fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)around cerebral infarction sites in rats.Methods Fifty-four male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a LFES group,a placebo group and a sham operation group(18/group).All groups were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups.A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)was established using intraluminal filament occlusion.Treatment was carried out 3 d after the operation.Rats in the LFES treatment groups were stimulated with LFES for 3,7 or 14 days (10 min/d);the placebo groups were treated in the same way without electric stimulation;the sham operation subgroups didn't receive any therapy.Scores on a beam-walking test,a rotating pole test and a screen test were assessed at each time point mentioned above.Expression of GFAP was also assessed using immunohistochemcal techniques.Results The paralysed limbs recovered motor function better in the LFES groups than in the control groups.GFAP-positive cells were more numerous at the margins of the infarction area in the treated groups than in the control groups.Conclusions LFES might increase the expression of GFAP,which might be an important mechanism in improving brain plasticity after cerebral ischemia,aiding the recovery of the central nervous system and rebuilding its functioning.

OBJECTIVETo look for the active fraction of ethanol extract of Genkwa Flos (EGF) induced hepatotoxicity and develop an UPLC fingerprint of the active fraction.

METHODTarget fraction of EGF induced hepatotoxicity was guided by the serum biochemical and histopathology methods. The UPLC method was applied to establish the chromatographic fingerprint. The separation was achieved on a BEH C18 column (2.1 mm x 50 mm, 1.7 microm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water containing 0.05% phosphate acid running gradient elution. The detection was carried out at 210 nm and the analysis was finished within 10 min.

RESULTThe chloroform phase of EGF could be responsible for the hepatotoxicity of this herb. The common mode of the UPLC fingerprint was set up under the established condition. There were 17 common peaks in fourteen batches of herbs, eight of which were identified, and the similar degrees of the fourteen batches to the common mode were between 0.890-0.999.

CONCLUSIONIt is easy to locate the chloroform extraction of EGF with hepatotoxicity. And the UPLC fingerprint was developed for the above fraction, which could provide valuable references for safe and effective clinical use of EGF.

Animals ; Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; toxicity ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective:To explore the risk factors,preventive measures and therapeutic methods for bronchopleural fistula (BPF) after lung resections.Methods:A restrospective analysis for 11 patients with BPF after pneumonectomy from April 2012 to June 2016 in Department of Thoracic Surgery,Xiangya Hospital,Central South University was performed.Their clinical characteristics,treatment and prognosis were analyzed,and the risk factors and effective therapeutic strategies were summarized.Results:Among the 11 patients with BPF,10 cases were cured finally,and 1 case with conservative treatment was dead.The total mortality rate was 9.09％.The 10 patients treated with positive measures were all cured,including 5 cases with pulmonary lobectomy and pneumonectomy,4 cases with amplatzer and covered stent,and 1 case with fibrin glue.One case with conservative treatment was dead because of respiratory failure.Conclusion:It is important to intervene BPF as early as possible.Fibrin glue via bronchoscope for tiny BPF after lung resection is preferred to be considered.We recommend to take early positive operation (pulmonary lobectomy and pneumonectomy) after pulmonary resection if the BPF cannot be cured via bronchoscope whereas the patients' condition is allowed.The amplatzer or covered stent should be considered first for the patient with BPF after pneumonectomy.

Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; abnormalities ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Noninvasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) by measuring abdominal wall tension (AWT) was effective and feasible in previous postmortem and animal studies. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of the AWT method for noninvasively monitoring IAP in the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: In this prospective study, we observed patients with detained urethral catheters in the ICU of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital between April 2011 and March 2013. The correlation between AWT and urinary bladder pressure (UBP) was analyzed by linear regression analysis. The effects of respiratory and body position on AWT were evaluated using the paired samples t test, whereas the effects of gender and body mass index (BMI) on baseline AWT (IAP<12 mmHg) were assessed using one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: A total of 51 patients were studied. A significant linear correlation was observed between AWT and UBP (R=0.986, P<0.01); the regression equation was Y=–1.369+9.57X (P<0.01). There were significant differences among the different respiratory phases and body positions (P<0.01). However, gender and BMI had no significant effects on baseline AWT (P=0.457 and 0.313, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant linear correlation between AWT and UBP and respiratory phase, whereas body position had significant effects on AWT but gender and BMI did not. Therefore, AWT could serve as a simple, rapid, accurate, and important method to monitor IAP in critical y il patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES) on endogenous proliferation of the neural stem cells within the brain and the behaviors in rats with acute cerebral infarction and explore the FES therapeutic mechanism on improving the neural function after the cerebral infarction. Methods Fifty-four SD adult male rats were randomly allocated into FES treatment group, placebo stimulation group and sham-operated group (n=18). Focal cerebral infarction models were induced by the performent of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats; the FES treatment group began receiving the FES (10 min/d, once dairy) and the placebo stimulation group did not give any special treatment since the 3rd day of the successful model inducement. The expression of nestin positive cells in the hippocampus subgranular zone and subventricular zone was examined by immunohistochemistry staining and the expression of nestin protein at ischemia side was detected by Western blot analysis on the 3rd, 7th and 14th d after MCAO; meanwhile, the behavior functions of rats at various time points were evaluated. Results The number of nestin positive cells in the hippocampus subgranular zone and subventricular zone and the expression of nestin protein from ischemia side brain in the FES treatment group significantly increased than those in the placebo stimulation group on the 7th and 14th d after MCAO (P<0.05). And statistical difference was noted on the 14th d on the behavior functional evaluation between the FES treatment group and the placebo stimulation group (P<0.05). Conclusion FES may enhance the endogenous proliferation of the neural stem cells within the brain in rats with acute cerebral infarction and improve the behavior function in rats, which may be one of the mechanisms of FES on improving the neural function after cerebral infarction.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of six-step manipulation combined with extracorporeal shock wave in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: Seventy-six patients with KOA from December 2016 to June 2018 were divided into control group and treatment group, 38 in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with oral medicine combined with extracorporeal shock wave therapy, while the patients in the treatment group were treated with six-step manipulation combined with shock wave therapy. The VAS score, WOMAC score and clinical efficacy of the two groups were compared before treatment, 1 day, 1 month and 6 months after treatment. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in VAS score and WOMAC score between the two groups before treatment(>0.05). VAS score and WOMAC score in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group at 1 day, 1 month and 6 months after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant(<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Six-step manipulation combined with extracorporeal shock wave therapy can significantly alleviate pain and improve knee function in patients with knee osteoarthritis, and the clinical effect is obvious.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome