Apoptosis ; Child ; Cytokines ; immunology ; secretion ; Humans ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ; immunology ; therapy

Background Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a common retinal vascular disease.Macular edema is a common complication and can lead to the decrease of visual acuity.Intravitreal injection of antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs and triamcinolone acetonide has become the important treatment on macular edema.Objective This study was to systematically evaluate the clinical effects of anti-VEGF drugs and triamcinolone in patients with macular edema caused by CRVO.Methods The Databases including PubMed,Cochrane Library (Issue 11,2012),EMbase,CBM,CNKI,VIP and WanFang Database were electronically searched for the trials about the effects of anti-VEGF drugs and triamcinolone in patients with macular edema caused by CRVO from the date of establishment of the databases to September 2015.The combined effect was analyzed by using Review Manager 5.3 software.Results A total 7 trials involving 345 patients and 348 eyes were included.Meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical difference in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and macular central thickness between anti-VEGF drugs and triamcinolone in the 6-month follow-up (mean difference [MD] =-0.03,95％ confidence interval[CI]:-0.11-0.05,P =0.52;MD =-15.37,95％ CI:-36.29-5.55,P =0.15),but there was statistical difference in intraocular pressure (MD =-2.73,95％ CI:-3.59--1.86,P＜0.000 01).Twenty-two cases of lens opacity and 8 cases elevated intraocular pressure were observed in the triamcinolone group.Only 2 cases of lens opacity were observed in the anti-VEGF drugs group.Conclusions Anti-VEGF drugs and triamcinolone have similar improvement of BCVA and decrease of macular central thickness in CRVO patients,while the triamcinolone is accompanied with more side effects such as high intraocular pressure and progressing cataract.

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effect of hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion for the treatment of microinflammation in diabetic nephropathy patients.Methods One hundred and twenty-five cases of diabetic nephropathy experienced treatment from July 2014 to December 2015 in author's hospital were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into two groups randomly.The observation group received hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion,and the control group received just hemodialysis therapy.The status of microinflammation and curative effect were compared.Results The effective rate of observation group was 60.6％,while was 45.8％ in control group (P＜0.05).Microinflammation level:compared with control group,SAA,IL-6,IL-17,IL-22,IL-1β,TNF-αand TGF-β1 status of observation group showed decreased trend (P＜0.01).Conclusion Hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion can effectively decreased microinflammation status in diabetic nephropathy.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cardiomegaly ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology

Objective To investigate the effect of intrathecal gastrodin on skin cancer pain in mice.Methods Thirty-two female Balb/c mice,aged 8 weeks,weighing 20-25 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),skin cancer pain group (group SCP),gastrodin group (group G),and artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) control group (group ASCF).Skin cancer pain was produced by injecting phosphate buffer solution 20 μl containing about 2 ×105 4T1 breast cancer cells into the plantar surface of the left hindpaw.At 14th day after inoculation of cancer cells,ASCF 5 μl was injected intrathecally in S and ACSF groups,and gastrodin 150 μg/kg (5 μl) was injected intrathecally in group G.Before inoculation,at 30 min before intrathecal injection,and at 15,30,60,90,120 and 150 min after intrathecal injection,the thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) was measured.The expression of acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC)-3 mRNA in the spinal dorsal horn was detected using the real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction after the last measurement of the pain threshold.Results Compared with group S,the TWL was significantly decreased at each time point before and after intrathecal injection in SCP,ACSF and G groups,and the expression of ASIC-3 mRNA in the spinal dorsal horn was significantly down-regulated in group G (P＜0.05).Compared with group SCP,the TWL was significantly increased at each time point after intrathecal injection,and the expression of ASIC-3 mRNA in the spinal dorsal horn was significantly down-regulated in group G (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group ACSF (P＞0.05).Conclusion Intrathecal gastrodin can reduce skin cancer pain and down-regulate ASIC-3 expression in the spinal dorsal horn which is helpful in maintaining the analgesic effect in mice.

Objective To study the influence of bFGF gene transfected bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the inflammatory cytokines of COPD rat. Methods The BMSCs were separated from SD rat and cultured and then bFGF gene was imported to BMSCs by liposome transfection method. The samples were prepared into six groups: normal control group, COPD group (A), BMSCs group (B), pcDNA3.1-BMSCs group (C), bFGF-pcDNA3.1-BMSCs group (D), and bFGF group (E). The expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β by QRT-PCR were detected. Results Compared with COPD group, TNF-α and IL-1β genes from groups B to D dropped significantly (P < 0.05). The changes of TNF-α and IL-1β genes among groups B to D showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion BFGF transfected BMSCs, sample BMSCs and pcDNA3.1 transfected BMSCs can inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines of TNF-α and IL-1β, but there is no obvious advantage in comparison to bFGF transfected BMSCs and sample BMSCs in respect of inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines of TNF-α and IL-1β.

Objective To compare the clinical outcome of unipedicular versus bipedicular vertebroplasty treating for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.Methods Sixty-four patients(68 vertebra)were divided into two groups by treated methods:unipedicular kyphoplasty group(33 cases)and bipedicular vertebroplasty group(31 cases).The Cobb angle and vasual analogue pain scale(VAS)were measured preoperatively and postoperatively.The operation time was recorded.Compared the Cobb angle,VAS and the operation time between two groups.Results Of unipedicular kyphoplasty group preoperative,24 hours and 3 months after operation,VAS were(8.42 ± 1.33),(2.21 ± 1.67),(2.09 ± 1.58)scores,the Cobb angle were(31.24 ±9.12)°,(14.21 ±9.21)°,(14.43 ±9.36)° ;while those of bipedicular vertebroplasty group were(8.36 ± 1.52),(2.13 ± 1.80),(2.00 ± 1.71)scores and(30.84 ±8.77)°,(13.94 ± 8.87)°,(14.07 ± 9.87)°.VAS and the Cobb angle of both groups at 24 hours and 3 months after operation were lower than those preoperative(P＜ 0.01).VAS and the Cobb angle of both groups were similar at the same time preoperatively and postoperatively(P ＞ 0.05).The operation time of unipedicular kyphoplasty group and bipedicular vertebroplasty was(45.00 ± 8.76),(72.00 ± 9.32)min,respectively,there was statistically significant difference between two groups(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Compared with the bipedicular vertebroplasty,the advantages of unipedicular kyphoplasty are as follows:less trauma,less operation time and less X-rays rediation accepted of the patient and the operator.And it has the similar clinical outcome with the bipedicular vertebroplasty.

BACKGROUND: There are obvious neuropsychological changes after stroke besides the damage of cognitive function, and the symptoms of depression and anxiety which are also very conspicuous.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the related characteristics of neuropsychological changes after stroke by means of neuropsychological methods.DESIGN: A case-control study.SETTING: Department of Psychology, the Third Hospital of Daqing; Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Sixty stroke inpatients (33 males and 27 female)aged from 42 to 75 years old with an average of (59.3±8.8) years old were selected from the Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between October 2001 and June 2002. Totally 49 cases had cerebral infarction and 11 cases had cerebral hemorrhage; 31 cases had single focus and 29 cases had multiple focuses (including 2 focuses or more); 20 cases had lesion in left hemisphere,21 cases had lesion in right hemisphere and 19 cases had bilateral lesions. The lesion was at temporal lobe in 6 cases, at occipital lobe in 2 cases, at frontoparietal temporal lobe in 15 cases, at internal capsule in 4 cases, at basal nuclei in 19 cases, at lateral ventricle in 4 cases, at thalam us in 4 cases, at cerebellum in 1 case and at multiple sites in 5 cases. The focal size was ＜ 15 mm in 33 cases and ≥ 15 mm in 27 cases. Sixty residents (33 males and 27 females) aged 42to 75 years with an average of (58.7±7.9) years old were selected simultaneously from the communities and suburbs of Harbin city as the controls and they all had no cerebral and organic lesion, mental disorder, severe somatic diseases and family history of mental disease.INTERVENTIONS: The poststroke mental status of the patients at stable recovery period was assessed with symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90, consisted of 90 items and 9 symptoms, scored by 5 grades of 0 to 4, including 0 as never, 1 as mild, 2 as moderate, 3 as a little severe and 4 as severe;Hamilton depression scale (HAMD, consisted of 24 items, including 11 somatic symptoms scored by 0 to 2 grades and 13 mental symptoms scored by 0 to 4 grades; the total score ＞ 24 points was taken as severe depression, 17 to 24 as moderate depression, 7 to 16 as mild depression, ＜ 7 as no depression), self-rating depressive scale (SDS, consists of 20 items, evaluated according to the occurrence frequency of the symptom, and classified into 4 grades; the score was 1, 2, 3 and 4 points for the forward scored questions, but 4, 3, 2 and 1 point for the backward scored questions; the highest total score was 80 points; the depressive severity=accumulative scores of each item/80×100, the depressive index ranged 25 to 100, the index ＜ 0.5 was taken as no depression, 0.5 to 0.59 as mild depression,0.6 to 0.69 as moderate depression, ＞ 0.7 as severe depression) and selfrating anxiety scale (SAS, consisted of 20 items, scored by 4 grades, mainly evaluated according to the occurrencefrequency of the symptoms. The forward scores were 1, 2, 3 and 4 points, and the backward scores were 4,3, 2 and 1 point; the total score multiplied by 1.25, and then the integer was taken as the standard score, the lower the better, and the delimitative value was 50. The total score of anxiety ＜ 50 points was taken as normal,50 to 60 as mild anxiety, 61 to 70 as moderate anxiety, ＞ 70 as severe anxiety). According to the different characters of disease, the patients with moderate depression and above were given suitable psychotherapy and psychiatric drugs for 4 weeks as a course.of the 4 scales between stroke patients with different lesion natures, foin the patients accompanied by depression. RESULTS: All the 60 stroke patients and 60 eases in the control group were involved in the analysis and SAS between the stroke group and control group: All the total scores were higher in the stroke group than in the control group [(131.45 ±18.89), (94.25 ±9.08) points; (18.73 ±6.54), (8.60 ±2.39)points; (56.49±11.85), (41.63±9.91) points: (40.08±6.55), (28.72±1.84)the 4 scales between stroke patients with different lesion natures, focal sites and focal sizes: In the stroke group, the total scores were higher in the patients with lesion in left hemisphere, cortical lesion, multiple focuses and large focal size (≥ 15 mm) than in those with lesion in right hemisphere, subcortical lesion, single focus and small focal size (＜ 15 mm)(t=1.92 to 4.31, P ＜ 0.05), but the scores were almost the same between the patients with cerebral infarction and those with cerebral hemorrhage accompanied by depression before and after treatment: 21 patients had moderate depressive symptoms and above, and their total scores of SCL90, HAMD, SDS and SAS were obviously higher than those in the control group (t=7.45 to 13.75, 9.83 to 21.20, P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: The poststroke neuropsychological changes are more obvious, and the changes are associated with the lesion location, focal size and focal site, but have no close correlation with the lesion nature.After psychological interventions, the depressive emotion is markedly ameliorated in the patients with obvious depressive symptoms and it is then indicated that poststroke patients should be given psychological interventions.

Objective: To study the protective effect of baicalin on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury and its correlation to myocardial cell autophagy in experimental rats. Methods: The animal models were established by intragastric infusion at 7 days prior operation in different groups.Atotal of 48 rats were divided into 4 groups: Sham operation group, Sham+baicalin group, Ischemia reperfusion (IR) group and Baicalin treatment group. n=12 in each group. Hemodynamics at different time points and myocardial infarction (MI) size at 45 min after reperfusion were recorded; protein expressions of LC3-II and autophagy-related Becl-1 at 30 min after reperfusion were examined by Westernblot analysis; the opening condition of mitochondrial membrane channel transition pore (mPTP) was detected by NAD+ content. Results: The MI sizes in Sham operation group and Sham+baicalin group were too small to compare; MI sizes in IR group and Baicalin treatment group were (41.32±1.85) % vs (23.30±1.60) %, P<0.001. Protein expressions of LC3-II in IR group and Baicalin treatment group were (1.051±0.005) and (0.863±0.009) which were both higher than Sham operation group (0.763±0.007), P<0.01;Becl-1 were (1.169±0.002) and (0.943±0.005) which were both higher than Sham operation group (0.647±0.014),P<0.01; LC3-II and in Becl-1 expressions in Baicalin treatment group were decreased than IR group, P<0.01. NAD+ contents (by nmol/mg) in IR group and Baicalin treatment group were (6.02±0.33) and (9.56±0.53) which were both lower than Sham operation group (11.28±0.37), P<0.001; NAD+ content in Baicalin treatment group was increased than IR group,P<0.01. Conclusion: Baicalin had no autophagy effect in normal myocardial cells, but it may decrease the MI size and reduce excessive autophagy in myocardial cells after IR which might be related to inhibiting mPTP opening.

Childhood cancers are malignancies occured during childhood,which consist of blood-lymphatic system disorders and solid tumor,usually under the age of 15 years old.Among cancers of childhood,solid tumors account for the mainly proportion and most neoplasms are embryonic origin,which are distinctly different from the adult solid tumors.The pathogenesis of children with an oncologic disease,except from the 2 major elements heredity and environment,some experts consider that there are intense correlations between various carcinogenic environment exposure during pregnancy even progestation and childhood cancers.The placenta is a combination of embryo and the maternal tissues,while is a material exchanged organ between 2 parts.One part has a same origin with fetus biological and genetics,and the other provides comprehensive guarantee for fetus normal development in utero.The research of the placental disease of childhood cancers may have a breakthrough in the study of the etiology of pediatric oncology.