Objective To verify the reference interval for D-dimer assay and analyze the influence of age and gender on the ref-erence interval.Methods Inclusion criteria for reference individuals were established.60 healthy males and 63 females were enrolled and divided to three groups by age,including 20 to 39 years old group (20 males and 20 females),40 to 59 years old group (20 males and 23 females)and above 60 years old group (20 males and 20 females).Blood samples were drawn in cit-rate sodium anticoagulated tubes and D-dimer concentration was determined by three different coagulation analyzers using o-riginal reagents.According to CLSI guideline C-28-A3,the reference interval for each measurement system from reagent manufacturer was verified and the difference of D-dimer concentration between different age-group and sex-group was ana-lyzed using non-parameters tests.Results All reference intervals were verified for people under age 40,while one reference interval cannot be verified for people from 40 to 59 years old as same as one for people above 60 years old.D-dimer concen-tration increased with age and there was significantly different between 20~39 years old group and 40~59 years old group or above 60 years old group(P<0.05).There was only a significant difference between sex-group for people under age 60(P<0.05).Conclusion D-dimer concentration was associated with age and sex.For people under age 40,the reference inter-val from reagent manufacture can be verified and directly used in laboratory,while for people above age 60,the reference in-terval from reagent manufacture cannot be verified.The cause should be investigated and a new reference interval should be established separately when necessary.

In recent 10 years, clinical trials of Chinese medicine and pharmacy (cMP) at clinicalTrials.gov.(USA) are gradually increasing. In order to analyze features of CMP clinical register, ClinicalTrials.gov register database were comprehensively retrieved in this study. Included clinical trials were input one item after another using EXCEL. A final of 348 CMP clinical trials were included. Results showed that China occupied the first place in CMP clinical register, followed by USA. CMP clinical trials, sponsored mainly by colleges/universities and hospitals, mostly covered interventional studies on evaluating safety/effectiveness of CMP. The proportions of studies, sponsored by mainland China and companies, recruitment trials and multi-center clinical trials in interventional trials were increasing. The proportions of studies sponsored by Hong Kong and Taiwan, research completed trials, unclear research status, phase III clinical trials, and published research trials in interventional trials were decreasing. Published ratios of CMP clinical trials were quite low. There were more missing types and higher proportions in trial register information.
Biomedical Research ; China ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Databases, Factual ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; United States

International clinical trials register is one of the global measures to realize transparency in clinical trials and also one of a powerful measure to improve the quality of clinical trials. Many scholars studying the quality of TCM clinical trials find that they are poor in quality and lack transparency. Furthermore, they find that TCM clinical trial registry has many problems. We must base on the successful experiences of WHO and international clinical trial registry to establish technical specifications for registry of traditional Chinese medicine clinical study of their own. Then, it can effectively improve the overall level of TCM clinical studies. We have suggested some concrete and feasible measures to establish technical specifications for registry of traditional Chinese medicine clinical study of their own based on the problems of TCM clinical trial registry.
Biomedical Research ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Registries

Objective To study multiple cytokine mRNA expressions of bone marrow stromal cells in patients with multiple myeloma(MM),as well as to explore the role of these cytokines in the occurrence and development of MM.Methods Semi-quantitiative RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of IL- 1?,IL-6,SCF,TPO.Results The mRNA expression levels of IL-1? and IL-6 were higher than that of nor- mal controls and other hematological malignancies(P

Objective To investigate the hemodynamics of increasing portal venous pressure(PVP) in hepatocellular carcinoma patients complicated with hepatic arterioportal vein fistulas (HAPVF)and the diagnosis and therapy of intractable upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by HAPVF.Methods One hundred and fifteen cases of hepatocellular carcinoma with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were checked by hepatic arteriography and were treated through orifices embolization in cases with severe HAPCF by coils and/or ethanol. Results Twenty-six out of 31 patients suffering intractable upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage have severe HAPVF(the main stem of portal veins are visible).However,there are only 15 patients with light HAPVF among the 84 patients who have mild upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (the main stem of portal veins are invisible).After the embolization,all of the 26 patients who have severe HAPVF stopped bleeding.Among them,the main stem of hepatic arteries are occluded in 2 patients. Conclusion The existence of severe HAPVF should be taken into consideration when intractable upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma patients,and it can be diagnosed through hepatic artery DSA.Orifice embolization is the most effective method for such kind of hemorrhage.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of metabolic syndrome in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods A total of 660 patients with ACS admited to cardiovascular department,first affiliated hospital of zhengzhou university were enrolled in this study from January 2009 to June 2010.The enrollment criteria were:the stenosis degree were above 75％ in at least one coronary artery by coronary angiography and successful PCI procedure.Exculsion criteria were:liver and renal insufficiency,malignancies and valvular heart diseases.The relevant clinical data and labtory examination were recorded after admission. The patients were followed up by outpatients interview or telephone from March to June 2011 and adverse cardiovascular events were recorded.The patients were divided into MS and non-MS groups,and basic clinical data were compared between two groups.The proportion difference between two groups were tested by chi square. Multivariate logistic regression was established to analyze the factors related to progonosis.The survival ratio was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.Statistical significance was established at a P value of less than 0.05.Results ①A total of 606 (91.7％) patients successfully accepted follow-up.Mean follow-up time were ( 14.3 ±1.7 ) months.95 patients experienced adverse cardiovascular events ( 15.7％ ).②There were 393 patients (64.96％ ) satisfied the definition of metabolic syndrome.The patients in MS group were with higher BMI,SBP,DBP,blood glucose and disordered lipid (all P ＜ 0.05 ),with less fale patients (P =0.016),less current somking (P =0.008 ) and with higher platelet (P =0.037 ). The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in two groups were 17.81％ and 11.79％ ( P ＞ 0.05 ). ③ Multivarite logistic regression revealed that the predictors of adverse cardiovascular events were age [ OR =2.628,95％ confidence interval (CI) 1.395 ～ 4.954,P =0.003 ],New York Heart Association (NYHA) ≥ 3 grade ( OR =2.310,95％ CI 1.095 ～4.870,P =0.028) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ( OR =4.328,95％ CI 1.955 ～9.580,P ＜ 0.001 ).However,MS was not related with prognosis ( OR =1.170,95％ CI 0.583 ～ 2.345,P =0.659 ).④The cumulative survival rates of no adverse cardiovascular events in the two groups were no significant difference ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions MS is a risk factor with coronary heart disease.Howerer,it has no relationship with adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ACS after PCI.

In this article, the research of chemical constituents and bioactivities in recent ten years has been reviewed of plants from the 12 genera in Flacourtiaceae related to the medicinal resources in China. The research in China about the plants from Flacourtiaceae was done very little, but many literatures have been reported abroad. The plants from Flacourtiaceae mostly contain the constituents such as aromatic glucosides, lignanoid glucosides, diterpenoids and cyclopentenoid cyanohydrin glucosides et al. These compounds or plant extracts mainly show antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic activities. The research of plants from Carrierea, Itoa and Bennettiodendron of Flacourtiaceae in China is still blank. The systemic research about chemical constituents and bioactivities of plants from these genera will play important roles in the discovery of novel natural products and active constituents, and provide valuable reference for the classifying of plants from these genera.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Diterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Flacourtiaceae ; chemistry ; classification ; Flavonolignans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification

Objective:To identify anti-dipeptidyl-peptidase-like protein 6 (DPPX) antibody in patients with encephalitis of unknown etiology and describe the clinical features of anti-DPPX antibody-associated encephalitis in Chinese patients.Methods:For patients registered in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital Encephalitis and Paraneoplastic Syndrome Registration Project from 2016 to 2019 with negative findings in autoimmune encephalitis routine antibody profile and paraneoplastic antibody profile, but with positive tissue-based assay (TBA) results, further tests for rare antibodies, including cell-based assay (CBA) of anti-DPPX antibody, were performed. Patients positive for anti-DPPX antibody were enrolled and the clinical data were collected.Results:Two patients with anti-DPPX antibody-associated encephalitis were found from 2016 to 2019 among about 15 000 patients. Both were females, aged 46 and 75 years. One patient had diarrhea, cachexia, cognitive dysfunction, agitation, myoclonus, tremor, and seizures. The other had cognitive impairment, restlessness, memory loss, disorientation, and sleep disturbance. The second patient had medical history of systemic lupus erythematosus and secondary Sj?gren′s syndrome.Conclusions:TBA should be combined with CBA in identification of anti-DPPX antibody to confirm the diagnosis. Anti-DPPX antibody-associated encephalitis has clinical manifestations of encephalopathy with diarrhea and cachexia, and can coexist with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Shadu Cao Mixture (SDCM, traditional Chinese medicine) on immune functions of immunosuppression mice.

METHODSFifty BALB/C mice were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, SDCM low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose group. Except the blank control group, other groups were intraperitoneal injected with cyclophosphamide (40 mg/kg) to establish immunosuppression mice model. The blank control group and model group received gavage administration with nonnal saline, while the other groups received gavage administration with different doses of SDCM (10, 20, 40 m/kg for 15 days) respectively. The number of leukocytes and serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in peripheral blood, spleen index, and the function of NK cells were measured.

RESULTSCompared with the model group , SDCM increased the number of leukocytes and serum concentrations of IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ in peripheral blood and improved the spleen index and the function of NK cells significantly (P < 0.05-0.01).

CONCLUSIONSDCM could remarkably enhance the immune functions of immunosuppression mice induced by cyclophosphamide.

Animals ; Cyclophosphamide ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Immunosuppression ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Spleen ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo look for the active fraction of ethanol extract of Genkwa Flos (EGF) induced hepatotoxicity and develop an UPLC fingerprint of the active fraction.

METHODTarget fraction of EGF induced hepatotoxicity was guided by the serum biochemical and histopathology methods. The UPLC method was applied to establish the chromatographic fingerprint. The separation was achieved on a BEH C18 column (2.1 mm x 50 mm, 1.7 microm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water containing 0.05% phosphate acid running gradient elution. The detection was carried out at 210 nm and the analysis was finished within 10 min.

RESULTThe chloroform phase of EGF could be responsible for the hepatotoxicity of this herb. The common mode of the UPLC fingerprint was set up under the established condition. There were 17 common peaks in fourteen batches of herbs, eight of which were identified, and the similar degrees of the fourteen batches to the common mode were between 0.890-0.999.

CONCLUSIONIt is easy to locate the chloroform extraction of EGF with hepatotoxicity. And the UPLC fingerprint was developed for the above fraction, which could provide valuable references for safe and effective clinical use of EGF.

Animals ; Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; toxicity ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar