UDP glucosyltransferase (UDPGT) catalyzes the synthesis of secondary metabolites and plant hormones to regulate plant growth and development, pathogen defense and environmental adaptability. In this study 18 members of the RcUDPGT gene family were cloned from Tibetan Rhodiola crenulata and analyzed using bioinformatics. The tissue-specific expression, abiotic stresses and plant hormones (abscisic acid, auxin, methyl jasmonate) induced expression patterns were identified by real-time quantitative PCR. The bait vector of RcUDPGT (JX228125.1) was constructed to select interacting proteins from an Arabidopsis yeast library. The results of the bioinformatics analysis revealed that RcUDPGT nucleotide sequences were about 1 400 bp and encoded 452-498 amino acids. In the primary protein sequences, C-terminal sequences were more conserved compared with N-terminal regions, which held a PSPG (plant secondary product glycosyltransferase) domain. In the tertiary structures, RcUDPGTs contained a UDP sugar donor recognition binding site. In addition, all genes had multiple phosphorylation sites. The results of qRT-PCR showed that RcUDPGTs genes were expressed in root, stem and leaf. The expression levels were regulated by low temperature/ultraviolet light and various plant hormones (ABA, IAA, MeJA), but the expression patterns were quite different among them. For example, RcUDPGT6, RcUDPGT11, and RcUDPGT17 had the highest expression in leaves and were induced by all three hormones, suggesting that the functions of these genes might be to respond to environmental changes. RcUDPGT9, RcUDPGT10, RcUDPGT14 were most abundantly expressed in roots and were significantly induced by ABA and MeJA hormones, indicating that these genes may be involved in the synthesis and accumulation of salidroside. Yeast two-hybrid results showed that RcUDPGT did not exhibit autoactivation and cell toxicity, and two significant interactional genes were identified, AtKCR1 (AT1G67730.1) and AtSNL4 (AT1G70060). The AtKCR1 gene encodes a β-ketoacyl reductase (KCR) involved in synthesis of very long chain fatty acids. The AtSNL4 gene encodes a homolog of the transcriptional repressor SIN3, which could participate in the ABA hormone signaling pathway and enhance the transcriptional repression of AP2/EREBP class factors in Arabidopsis. These results suggest that the accumulation of the secondary metabolite salidroside in Rhodiola crenulata might be affected by several regulatory mechanisms. The above results may lay the foundation for understanding the adaptive mechanism of Rhodiola crenulata in a high altitude environment and stimulate an in-depth study of the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites in this species.

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the changes of expression of angiogenic factor mRNA in the spinal cord of rats with protruded intervertebral disc and the effects of electroacupuncture , and to analyze the role of electroacupuncture in the spinal microvascular angiogenesis .Method Eighteen healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into 3 groups:the electroacupuncture group , model group and sham-operated group .The protruded intervertebral disc models were generated by the left lateral and ventral spinal cord compression at T 13 using a self-made silicon sheet.Only the rats in the first group were treated by electroacupuncture once a day for consecutive 7 days.Spinal cord tissue samples were taken from the compression site at 7 days after operation .The mRNA levels of Ang-1, Tie-1, Ang-2, Tie-2, VEGF, Flt-1, caspase-3 and Tsp-1 were determined by RT-PCR, and the pathological changes of the spinal cord was examined using HE staining .Results The rats in the electroacupuncture treated group showed significantly im-proved hind leg function , a relatively complete spinal cord structure , and a clear boundary between grey and white matters . The expression levels of Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie-1, Tie-2, capase-3 and Tsp-1 in the spinal cord tissues of the model group were significantly higher than those of sham-operated group ( P<0.01 ) , but the levels of VEGF and Flt-1 between those two groups showed no significant difference (P>0.05).The expression levels of Ang-2, Tie-1, Tie-2, caspase-3 and Tsp-1 of the electroacupuncture group were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.01), while the expression levels of Ang-1, VEGF and Flt-1 were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05).All the indexes be-tween electroacupuncture and sham-operated groups showed no significant difference ( P>0.05 ) .Conclusions Our re-sults demonstrate that mRNA expression of relevant angiogenic factors were abnormal after spinal cord compression , while electroacupuncture can down-regulate the expression of Ang-2, Tie-2,Tsp-1 and caspase-3, and modulate the promoting and inhibiting factors of angiogenesis to return towards normal , therefore , to create beneficial conditions for the repair of spinal cord injuries .

Objective To explore the technique of auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation model in C57BL/6 mice.Method The donor portal vein and hepatic vein were anastomosed with Cuff and suture techniques respectively.The donor bile duct was implanted into recipient duodenum.Result The operation time of harvesting donor's liver and anhepatic phase and recipient was (30 ± 3),(6-± 1) and (58 ± 5) min respectively.The model success rate was 96％,and the 4-week survival rate was 88％.Conclusion The animal model was stable with high success-rate and can be used for the study of auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation.

Objective To discuss the safety and clinical effect of fine needle single-step centesis in percutaneous endoscopic nephrolithotomy for renal staghorn calculi. Methods Percutaneous endoscopic nephrolithotomy with fine needle single-step centesis was employed in 75 patients (single-step group) with renal staghorn calculi, and percutaneous endoscopic nephrolithotomy with two-step centesis was adopted in other 75 patients with renal staghorn calculi (two-step group). The clinical effect and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results The placement of drainage catheter was successfully accomplished in all 150 patients. In single-step group the operation time was 18-45 minutes with a mean of 36 minutes; the mean blood loss during the procedure was about 5 ml. After the treatment, massive bleeding occurred in 3 cases that needed blood transfusion, and residual stone was observed in 6 cases. In two-step group the operation time was 16-42 minutes with a mean of 34 minutes; the mean blood loss during the procedure was about 7 ml. After the treatment, massive bleeding occurred in 7 cases that needed blood transfusion; one of them had renal pseudoaneurysm and the bleeding was stopped after renal artery embolization treatment; and residual stone was observed in 7 cases. No procedure-related perirenal organ injury was seen in single-step group, while in two-step group pneumothorax (n=1) and injury of splenic flexure of colon (n=1)were found. Conclusion In performing percutaneous endoscopic nephrolithotomy, fine needle single-step centesis is more safe and effective than conventional two-step centesis.

Objective To investigate and evaluate the change and efficacy of Active-wing Appliance in patients with lingual tipping deep overbite of Angle classⅡdivision 2 malocclusion.Methods Twenty patients with lingual tipping deep overbite of Angle classⅡdivision 2 malocclusions were selected for our study. Among the twenty patients, fifteen are girls and five are boys, whose age are from 16.0 to 23.0 years old with average of 18.8 years old . The patients were treated with Active-wing technique and all of them were non-extracted.Cephalometric films were taken before and after treatment to assess the effect of treatment . Eleven angular and thirteen linear measurements were taken. Paired t test was performed to analyze and evaluate the effects before and after treatment. Results Active-wing Appliance have advantage of easy operat-ing with short treatment cycle for treatment of deep overbite of Angle class Ⅱ division 2 malocclusion. It only takes 11 months in average for the treatment. After treatment, mandibular plane angle were increased (23.00° ± 6.76° vs 21.59° ± 5.32°),overbite were decreased [ (1.02±0.81) mm vs (5.67±1.22) mm] to reach normal level;incisors were labial incline sig-nificantly with increased protrusion and inclination;Post treatment parameter improvement also include:U 1-NA distance in-creased (4.67±1.21 ) mm vs (1.24±1.37) mm;U1-NA angle increased (24.40°±6.36° vs 11.70°±6.87°);lower incisors were significantly intruded[ (37.16 ± 1.81) mm vs(38.90 ± 1.84)mm];L6-MP were extruded [(31.68 ± 2.87) mm vs (30.38 ± 3.45) mm]; The cuspid and molar relationships were changed from Class Ⅱ to ClassⅠ occlusion. Conclusion The Active-wing Appliance can quickly open overbite and correct incisor lingual tipping for Angle class II division 2 with lingual tipping deep overbite. It is easy to operate and has been improved as efficient and shortened treatment. Meanwhile, it also saves arch wire. The Active-wing Appliance is especially powerful for lingual tipping deep overbite. However, the deficiency in torque control of premolars might be noticed.

Objective To explore the technique and clinical effect of Fogarty catheter in treatment of acute limb arterial embol-ism.Methods Eight cases of acute limb arterial embolism treated by Fogarty catheter were analyzed retrospectively.The technique of thrombectomy,curative effect,complications,prognosis,and 6-24 months follow-up results were assessed to evaluate the safe-ty,effectiveness and operative skills.Results Seven cases were cured,and 1 case was efficacious.The endangium injury and vaso-spasm was occurred in 1 case,respectively.During follow-up from 6 to 24 months,6 cases recovered activity,1 case was hemiplegia because of cerebral infarction after 12 months,and 1 case died of respiratory function failure after 6 months.Conclusion Fogarty catheter is safe and effective in treatment of acute limb arterial embolism.

Objective To investigate the effect of bifidobacteria on dextran sulphate sodium(DSS)- induced acute ulcerative colitis in mice.Methods Thirty BALB/C mice were randomly divided into nor- mal control group (n=10),0501 strain group (n=10) and c122 strain group (n=10).Fifty BALB/ C mice received 5% dextran sulphate sodium(DSS) for 7 days to induce ulcerative colitis.The mice were then divided to model group,negative control group(perfused with 0.9 NaCl solution ),positive control group(perfused with SASP of 20 mg/ml),DSS + 0501 strain group(perfused with 1?10~9 CFU/ml bifidobacteria 0501 strain solution and DSS + c122 strain group (perfused with 1?10~9 CFU/ml bifidobacteria c122 strain solution).All mice were sacrificed 9 days later.The colon specimens were measure by histoehemical staining with H-E.The expressions of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and its protein were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively.Results The degree of colon inflam- mation in mice both in DSS+ 0501 strain and DSS+ c122 strain groups were aggravated and expressions of IL-10 mRNA and protein were reduced compared to model group.No colon inflammation was found in 0501 strain and c122 strain groups.Conclusion Some strain of bifidobaeteria may aggravate colon in- flammation in mice when mucosal harrier is destroyed.

A strain of Cellulosimicrobium cellulans Ha8 was studied on its morphological, biological characteristics and its utilization of several kinds of benzoic compounds, the results showed this strain was Gram-positive, the long rod-shaped cells were changed into short rod-shape gradually. pH value from pH 6.0 to pH 9.0 and the temperature from 20 ℃ to 40 ℃ were good for its growth. It could not only hydrolyze protein and starch, use cellulose and pectin, decomposite chitin, liquify gelatin and fix nitrogen, but also use phenol, xylene, benzoic, cinnamic acids and diphenlamine as the sole carbon resource for its growth. It could tolerate 0 mmol/L~30 mmol/L, 0 mmol/L~8 mmol/L, 0 mmol/L~30 mmol/L, 0 mmol/L~15 mmol/L and 0 mmol/L ~ 40 mmol/L of benzoic acids, phenol, xylene, cinnamic acids and diphenlamine seperately, but could not use 2,4-dinitrophenol, o-Nitrophenol, 2-Methoxyphenol, aminobenzenesulfonic acid, catechol and o-Phenanthroline as its sole carbon resource.

Objective:To research the influence and mechanism of Toufeng capsule (TFC) on the concentratioin of blood active substance and single amine neurotransmitter in the brain and blood of magraine mice.Methods: We chose animal disease model of migraine made by hypodermic nitroglycerin and measured the concentration of 5 HT. NE and DA in the rat's brain and blood by means of enzymeimmunoassay experimental methods.Results: TFC could obviously increase the concentration of 5 HT and NE in the bloold and of 5 HT, DA and NE in the brain.Conclusions: TFC might improve neurosystematic regulation functions and enhance the neurotransmitters' secretion and metabolism.