AIM: To observe the changes in contrast sensitivity (CS) between emmetropic pilots, glasses wearing, and after laser in situ keratomileuses ( LASIK) surgery pilots, provide the basis for the physical examination standard after operation.
METHODS:The CS of 13 emmetropic pilots (26 eyes), 12 glasses wearing pilots (24 eyes) and 10 with LASIK (20 eyes) , under photopic, scotopic and scotopic with glare environments at four different spatial frequencies ( 3, 6, 12 and 18cpd ) were measured and the resluts were analyzed by statistics.
RESULTS:Under photopic environments, there was no significant difference in the low spatial frequency (3cpd) among the three groups (P>0. 05). The CS of emmetropic pilots was better than that of the myopic and with LASIK, and there was significant difference (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in CS between myopic and with LASIK (P>0. 05). Under scotopic environments, there was no significant difference in the low spatial frequency (3cpd)among the three groups (P>0. 05). The CS of emmetropic and with LASIK pilots were better than that of the myopic, and there was significant difference ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in CS between emmetropic and with LASIK (P>0. 05). Under scotopic with glare environments, the CS of emmetropic and myopic pilots were better than that of the with LASIK, and there was significant difference (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in CS between myopic and with LASIK (P>0. 05).
CONCLUSION: The CS after LASIK is decreased compare with emmetropic pilot, specially under scotopic with glare environments. A perfect identification standard should be set up.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of MTV measured by pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC).Methods The clinical data of 52 patients (31 males,21 females,median age 58.5 years) with pathologically or clinically proved PC from January 2011 to October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Serum CA19-9 was measured within 1 week before PET/CT examination.SUVmax and MTV were measured respectively,and PET/CT staging was obtained simultaneously.All patients were followed up until January 2015.The CA19-9,MTV,SUVmax,PET/CT staging and clinical factors(age,gender,treatment methods) were assessed by ROC curve analysis,Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate Cox model.Results The median survival time of 52 patients was (11.20±7.25) months.ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of MTV,SUVmax and CA19-9 were 0.735,0.614 and 0.527 respectively.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis manifested that the survival times were significantly different between patients with different MTV (＜ 12.14 cm3 vs ≥ 12.14 cm3),different SUVmax (＜ 8.95 vs ≥ 8.95),different PET/CT staging and different treatment methods (x2 =4.272-11.693,all P＜0.05).The survival time of patients with MTV ＜ 12.14 cm3 and that of patients with MTV ≥ 12.14 cm3 were (13.44±8.40) and (7.00± 4.82) months,respectively.Cox single-factor analyses indicated that MTV,PET/CT staging and SUVmax were risk factors of survival,the hazard ratios (HR) were 0.393,0.503,0.547 respectively (P=0.002,0.020,0.027).Cox multi-factor analyses indicated that MTV and PET/CT staging were independent risk predictors of survival.Conclusion MTV and PET/CT staging are significant factors in prognosis prediction of patients with PC,which would be helpful to make individual treatment for patients with high risks.

The notational DSA was first proposed for the application as a managing tool of neuronradiology in the early 70's of 20th centery.Later on,three dimensional image reconstruction(3D DSA) was aquired along with the progressing development of technique and equipment devices.As a rather practical instrument,it has been utilized successfully in the diagnosis and management of head and neck vascular disorders,and abdominal parenchymal diseases during recent years.We comprehensively intoduce the application of rotational DSA for the diagnosis and management in hepatic diseases.

Objective To know the contamination situation of the centralized air conditioning-ventilating systems in hotels in Shenzhen City, Guangzhou province and to ensure the indoor air quality when the centralized air conditioning-ventilating systems were at working. Methods 22 hotels were selected to determine the total count of bacteria and fungi in internal surface of pipes and air blow, the dust volume of internal surfaces of pipes, inhalable particulate matter(PM10) in air blow, and Legionellae in cooling tower water. Results The eligibility percent of dust volume, the total number of bacteria and fungi in internal surface was 94.76 %, 95.71% and 91.90 % respectively,the eligibility percent of PM10, the total count of bacteria and fungi in air blow was 42.54%, 94.76% and 84.29% respectively, and the detected rate of Legionellae was 57.50%. Conclusion The pollution in some degrees has been observed in the centralized air conditioning-ventilating systems in hotels of Shenzhen City, so it is considered as the important measure to improve indoor air quality and ensure people health to strengthen management of centralized air conditioning-ventilating systems in the usage.

Objective To explore the value of strain rate imaging (SRI) technology in the diagnosis of hypertension patient with re-gional left ventricular early diastolic dysfunction. Methods 50 essential hypertension patients were divided into hypertension Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ, including 31 patients with normal left ventricular and 19 patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. 25 healthy people were used as the control group. SRI was done in the six different basal myocardial segments and the parameters of SRI were compared with that of Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) and pulse Doppler (PW). Results In the hypertension group, SRe of the six different basal myocardial segments was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), but (SRa) of hypertension group was higher (P<0.05). SRe was negatively correlated with the patients'illness development (r=-0.89, P<0.05), but SRa was positively correlated (r=0.97, P<0.05). And the SRe/SRa<1 detection rate of Group Ⅱ was higher than that in Group Ⅰ, and the ratio in the control group was lowest(P<0.05). Total detection rate of SRI (88%) was higher than Em/Am <1 of DTI (79.67%) and E/A < 1 of PW(60%), and these changes were more obvious in Group Ⅰ. SRI was higher than DTT and PW (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with traditional technology and methods, SRI could pro-vide more accurate diagnoses to hypertension patient with regional left ventricular early diastolic dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the influential factors for refracture of the adjacent vertebral body following percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) treatment of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on OVCFs patients undergone mono-segmental PVP from July 2007 to March 2010.Patients' age,gender,bone density,bone cement infusion dosage,bone cement leakage and pre-and post-operative fracture reduction were documented.Kaplan-Meier remaining rate curve was used to predict the trend of time to refracture.The related factors for adjacent vertebral body refracture following PVP were analyzed.Results In all,216 patients (98 males and 118 females; age range of 55-76 years,average 65.4 years) were enrolled in this study.Follow-up lasted for 12-18 months.Ninety-two patients sustained refracture including 68 patients with refracture of the adjacent vertebral body.Refracture of the adjacent vertebral body presented time-concentrated tendency and 66％ (45/68) occurred within 100 days followed by a notably lower incidence.Whereas the time to refracture of the non-adjacent vertebral body was not obviously centralized.Bone cement infusion dosage and vertebral body reset condition were strongly associated with the refracture incidence of the adjacent vertebral body,while opposite results were observed in regard of age,gender,bone density and bone cement leakage (or not).Conclusion PVP predisposes OVCFs patients to refracture of the adjacent vertebral body and its influential factors may be associated with bone cement infusion dosage and vertebral body reduction condition.

Survivin is a protein that inhibits apoptosis and regulates cell division.The cDNA sequence of survivin was amplified by RT-PCR and sub-cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-21b(+),followed by transformation into E.coli strain BL21(DE3) and induction with IPTG.The recombinant survivin protein fusing with 6?His tag was expressed in E.coli in the form of inclusion body at the expression level over 60% of the total cell protein.Results of Western blotting showed that recombinant survivin reacted specifically with anti-human survivin antibody.After gel filtration,the recombinant protein reached the purity over 95%,which facilitate the study of diagnosing and inhibitor agents targeting survivin.

Objective To compare and evaluate the effect of PBL in clinical teaching of Pediatrics.Methods Among students of Grade 2002 in our university,two types of PBL,pre-learning and case-discussion,were used in their clinical learning of Pediatrics. And then,their effects were evaluated and compared with those of traditional learning method.Results More than 60% of the students agreed with PBL methods,and they considered PBL favorable to practice scientific logical thinking of clinical affairs,to increase their capabilities of learning,oral expression,communication and cooperation.The teachers agreed with PBL methods too for the better learning effect resulting from PBL.Conclusion PBL fits the needs of medical learning reformation.To train new type of doctors in century 21st,it is necessary to use kinds of new learning methods,including PBL methods and standardized patient (SP)in clinical teaching.

ObjectiveTo observe the dynamic changes of blood perfusion and hypoxic status by CT perfusion imaging and hypoxia imaging in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after treatment with recombinant human endostatin (RHES). MethodsA total 15 patients with NSCLC were randomly divided into treatment group (n = 10) and control group (n = 5). The patients in treatment group continuouly received the treatment with RHES (7.5 mg/m2) by intravenous infusion for ten days, and CT perfusion imaging and hypoxia imaging were performed at day 1, 5 and 10,respectively. The time window' was observed with the blood perfusion status and hypoxic changes.ResultsIn the treatment group, capillary permeability surface (PS) and tumor to normal tissue (T/N) were firstly decreased, and then increased. Their lowest points occurred at about the fifth day. PS showed statistical significance compared with the first day (q1.5 = 12.05, P＜0.01 ) and no significance compared with the tenth day(q10.5 = 2.79, P=0.69), while T/N showed a significant difference between above time points (q1.5 = 73.81, q10.5 = 20.6, P = 0.00).Blood flow (BF) was firstly increased, and then decreased.Its highest point appeared at about the fifth day with statistical significance compared with the first and tenth day (q1.5 = 12.29, q10.5 = 10.48, P＜0.01 ). All the PS,BF and T/N between the fifth day in treatment group and the control group showed statistically significance (all P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The time window of recombinant human endostatin improving blood perfusion and hypoxic status in non-small cell lung cancer is within about one week after administration.

Objective To investigate the sequence characteristic of black bear's mitochondrial NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4 gene(ND4).Methods Primers were designed according to certain species' NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase ND4 in which the DNA sequence had been reported.The DNA sequence was amplified by PCR from the Asian black bear Sichuan subspecies's(Ursus thibetanus mupinensis)hair-follicle tissue total DNA and were analyzed with its amino acid sequence.Results The ND4 gene sequence length was 1 402 bp and contained a 1 377-nucleotide open reading frame encoding 459 amino acid residues.The amino acid sequence's pI was 9.37 and weight was 51.5?10 3.The DNA sequence and corresponding amino acid sequence of black bear's ND4 gene had the high similarity with those of other mammalian animals' ND4 gene,and the similarity was 89% to 91% and 94% to 95%.The result of phylogenetic tree was basically consistent with the traditional species system phylogenetic relations.Topology prediction showed the Asian black bear Sichuan subspecies's ND4 proteins contained N-glycosylation site,kinase C phosphorylation sites,casein kinase Ⅱ phosphorylation site,N-myristoylation site and leucine-rich region.In addition,black bear's ND4 protein contained leucine zipper pattern and Leucine-rich region.Conclusion The mammalia animal's ND4 gene has the high conservative nature.The pretein coded by ND4 gene has high uniformity in the function.