BACKGROUND: Some researches report that diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can appear abnormal signal in minutes after cerebral ischemia.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the manifestation and regularity of diffusion coefficient in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) of rats after cerebral ischemia.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: Neurological Department of Clinical College of ChongqingMedical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Radiological Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from April to July 2004. Totally 18 adult Wistar rats with clean grade were randomly divided into three groups: control group, sham operation group and cerebral ischemia group with 6 rats in each group.METHODS: The origin of right middle cerebral artery was blocked with filament into right internal carotid. In the sham-operated group, the filament was just inserted into the common carotid artery not into the origin of middle cerebral artery, rats in normal control group were not treated with anything after anesthesia. MRI experiments were performed on a 1.5 T GE signa Highspeed NMR spectrometer to obtain DWI and ADC values at the time-point of 7, 15, 30, 60 minutes, 3,6, 12, 24 hours, 3, 7, 15 days, 1 and 2 months after operation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes of ADCs in infarct hemisphere and contralateral hemisphere.RESULTS: There was no significant change in MRI T1-and T2-weighted imaging in rats at 7 minutes post-infarction, but abnormal high intensity was emerged during the period of 1 hour to 3 hours, and enlarged over time. Finally, the infarction area located the right basal ganglia and the frontal-parietal lobes at 12 hours and increased less significantly later.Focal abnormal high signal was noted in DWI 7 minutes after cerebral ischemic insult, and the ADC values was decreased at the same time,reduced gradually after significant recover at 30 minutes, dropped to the lowest level at 12 hours and again increased at 24 hours, since then all the ADC values were remained high throughout follow-up, which increased by 5 times at 2 months than that at 12 hours. Correspondingly,rADC values showed the contrary pattern of evolution.CONCLUSION: It is reflected that ADC is highly sensitive not only to onset of cerebral ischemia but also to chronic cerebral ischemia.

Objective To provide data support for safe and accurate lower cervical pedicle screw implantation by observing the lower cervical pedicle and its relationship between the adjacent spinal cord, endorhachis, nerve root and vertebral artery, particularly its relation-ship between the endorhachis and epidural sinus. Methods Measured the C3 ~ C7 cervical sample of 32 adult with vernier caliper and pro-tractor, including the distance between cervical pedicle and its upper and lower nerve root, the distance between cervical pedicle and en-dorhachis, the distance between cervical pedicle and vertebral artery, and the distance between cervical pedicle and epidural sinus. Results The distance betweencervical pedicle and its upper nerve root was 1. 18~1. 40 mm, the distance between cervical pedicle and its lower nerve root was 2. 33~3. 11 mm;the distance between cervical pedicle and endorhachis was 2. 75~3. 33 mm;and there was nearly no distance be-tween cervical pedicle and vertebral artery and epidural sinus. Conclusion Cervical pedicle has a very close relationship with spinal cord, endorhachis, vertebral artery and nerve root, and the cervical pedicle is narrow and small. Therefore, it requires fully assess accroding to in-dividualization so as to prevent injury of important anatomical structures.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the procalcitonin(PCT)-guided therapy in patients with sepsis. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,Cochrane Library,EMBase,CJFD,Wanfang Datebase,related trails about PCT-guided therapy(test group)versus conventional treatment group(control group)in the treatment of sepsis were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software after data extraction and quality evaluation. RESULTS:Totally 5 studies were enrolled,involving 826 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed,use time of antibiotics in test group was significantly shorter than control group, with statistical significance [MD=-2.52,95%CI(-3.07,-1.98,P<0.001];there were no significant differences in the mortality rate [OR=1.14,95%CI(0.83,1.56),P=0.42],ICU treatment days [MD=-0.22,95%CI(-1.40,0.96),P=0.72] and total hospi-talization [MD=-1.81,95%CI(-4.37,0.76),P=0.17]. CONCLUSIONS:PCT-guided therapy can effectively reduce the use of antibiotics and shorten treatment time in the treatment of patients with sepsis.It can be considered as inflammatory markers for guid-ing rational use of antibiotics in clinic.

Objective:To study the effects of acitretin or IFNα-2a or both on the apoptosis and caspases expressions in human-cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCL-12.Methods: SCL-12 cells were cultured in vitro in the presence of or acitretin or IFNα-2a or both.Apoptosis was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in these cells.Apoptotic cells were observed by acridine orange staining .The protein expressions of caspase-3,caspase-8 and caspase-9 in SCL-12 cells were analyzed by Western blot.Results:The inhibition ratio of the cell growth significantly higher in groups of Acitretin or IFNα-2a or both than control group , and the effects of Acitretin combined with IFNα-2a stronger than the Acitretin or IFNα-2a.Caspase-3,caspase-8 and caspase-9 were significantly activated in combined group .The effects of Acitretin combined with IFNα-2a stronger than the Acitretin or IFNα-2a.Conclusion:Acitretin or IFNα-2a or both plays a central role in the apoptosis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells ,which may be related to the Fas-way and mitochondria-way.

Punicalin is an important ellagic tannin in Pericarpium Granati with the pharmacological effects such as antioxidation,anti-bacteria,antivirus and anti-inflammation.The studies on Pericarpium Granati at home and abroad were reviewed in the paper,and the extraction,separation,content determination,pharmacological activities and metabolism of punicalin were also summarized to provide theoretical basis for the development and application of punicalin.

Objective:To understand the difference of prevalence rate and main symptoms of northwest dryness syndrome(NDS) of the long staying and temporary residents at Xinjiang by comparing the cotton workers in Shihezi come from mainland with inhabitant of Xinjiang,under the environment of NDS.Methods:To design questionnaire according to the Chinese medicine theories and modern epidemiology method,and carry out sampling questionnaire in cotton workers of Shihezi,Hetian,Urumqi,Yili and Leshan,then carry out syndrome differentiation with computation and statistical analysis about NDS.Results:The distributing date,syndromic types and main symptoms scores of NDS in the cotton workers in Shihezi and other areas were obtained from 3658 questionnaires.The highest attack rate of NDS on cotton workers was in Hetian.The attack rate in Sichuan was higher than that in Shizihe(P0.05).The higher scores,symptoms of DNS in Shizihe were the main symptoms of dryness syndrome,but the higher scores,symptoms of NDS in Hetian,Yili and Urumqi were the characteristic symptoms.The external-dryness score of cotton workers in Shihezi was obviously higher than that in other areas(P

Objective To design a novel medical infrared real-time imaging system based on uncooled focal plane assembly(UFPA).Methods The hardware includes optics,infrared detector,thermal image acquisition & pre-treatment circuit and portable computer.The software includes original image data acquisition and correction module,image real-time treatment and display module,pseudo-color treatment module and image storage and off-line analysis module.Two points revising method was proposed aiming at the unevenness of pixel.Results Dispensing with refrigeration,the resolution of medical infrared real-time imaging system was 0.1℃.The measuring temperature ranged from-20℃ to 100℃ with ambient temperature ranging from 0℃～40℃.The real-time imaging speed was 25 frame/s.Conclusion The medical infrared real-time imaging system can form infrared image in real-time,which meets the requirement of clinical application.

Objective To understand the status and developmental trends of the research on anterolateral thigh flap. Methods The PubMed search was downloaded and the results were imported into the EndNote database,then the distribution was analysed by age,nation,language,periodical and frequency.Results There were 236 articles on anterolateral thigh flap in PubMed from 1996 to August 2006.The amount of articles multiply increased from 2002 to August 2006,at eighty percent of all.They were published in 8 languages,in 47 journals and from 9 countries.China and the USA are the major countries of the publication,with 77 articles each,which altogether took up 65.2% of the total.Words of a high frequency are as follows: free skip flap,island skin flap,ultrathin skin flap,perforating artery,and descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery,the frequency ratio of which is up to 97.46%.Conclusion The papers on anterolateral thigh flap are written mainly by China and USA;English is the main publishing language;The articles are chiefly published by Plast Reconstr Surg and other 8 journals.The research emphases of the anterolateral thigh flap are on free skip flap,perforating flap,ultrathin skin flap,and island flap.Angiography and 3D-reconstruction are the recent techniques for the research.

With the development of the dialysis technology,the survival time of patients with chronic renal failure is prolonged,while more complications which affect the quality of life or even threat the life of patients are followed.Secondary hyperparathyroidism(SHPT)with a certain incidence and mortality is one of the common complications,and its main characteristic performances ale hyperphosphatemia,hypocalcemia and high level of parathyroid hormone.Most patients Can be cured by the treatment of medicine while surgical treatment is still required by some cases in which the disorder of the parathyroid function can not be well regulated through medicine treatment.The purpose of this paper is to make a review of the recent studies of surgical treatment in patients with SHPT.

Objective To study the relationship with internet addiction disorder(IAD)of the youth,the degree of IAD and home environment,attachment.To study the relationship with home environment and attachment.Methods 490 students were assessed with Internet Addiction Disorder Test,FES-CV,Attachment Questionnaire.Results 37 subjects can be defined as IAD according to Internet Addition Disorder test;IAD group have a higher score in contradictoriness(P＜0.05)of home environment and lack of maternal love,lack of fatherly love,father's rejection,parent's passive entangle,angry with parent[the average score of IAD group Was 13.16±4.62,14.18±5.42,14.41±5.44,19.10±4.59,18.89±4.42,12.37±4.80,11.35±4.17;the average score of normal group was 11.77±4.06,11.59±4.02,16.56±4.99,15.78±4.91,9.87±4.52,9.65±4.25,P＜0.05,0.01].Home environment were significantly correlated with all factors of attachment except independence(P＜0.05,0.01).There Was a significant negative correlation between the degree of IAD and lack of maternal love(r=-0.360).Conclusion Contradiction in home environment and passive attachment,that played an important role in internet addiction disorder of the youth.