The construction of traditional theory of Chinese herbalism cannot do without the accumulated understanding of herb effect in clinical practice.Meanwhile,it closely relates to the natural history of using different theories of herb property to explain effect and mechanism at different stages.The compilation of Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor 《(黄帝内经》) and Shennong Bencao Jing 《神农本草经》) represent the initial formation of traditional herbalism in Chinese medicine.These two books have a relatively complete description of property and effects of herbs,but with different focus of concerning.After Shennong Bencao Jing,explaining the effect from property of herbs gradually become the developing trend and basic characteristics of herbalism.During the Ming-Qing Dynasties,publication of a large number of herbal annotation works further highlights this feature.

Ventilator is broadly used in the hospital all over the world,The paper describes three case of common troubles in clinical practice for Bird-brand ventilator and its troubleshooting.

Objective To construct a yeast two-hybrid recombinant bait plasmid of human programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)immunoglobulin variable region(IgV)domain gene,detect its expression in yeast and detect the cytotoxicity and self-activation of PD-L1 IgV protein as well as the interaction between PD-L1 IgV and human thioredoxin(hTrx).Methods Human PD-L1 was analyzed by bioinformatics method,and primers were designed to amplify PD-L1 IgV domain based on the coding region of PD-L1 gene registered in NCBI GenBank database. PCR amplification was carried out with pENTERPD-L1 plasmid as template,and then cloned into yeast two-hybrid bait vector pGBKT7. The recombinant bait plasmid and pGBKT7 empty vector were transformed into Y2HGold yeast cells respectively,and the PD-L1 IgV gene and its expression were detected by PCR and Western blot;Meanwhile,the protein toxicity and self-activation of PD-L1 IgV were detected,and the interaction between PD-L1 IgV and hTrx was detected by drip plate method.Results The bioinformatics analysis results of PD-L1 were consistent with related reports. The recombinant bait plasmid pGBKT7-PD-L1 IgV was correctly constructed,and Y2HGold positive clone was obtained,in which PD-L1 IgV was stably expressed. The empty vector pGBKT7 and recombinant bait plasmid pGBKT7-PD-L1 IgV grew well on SD/-Trp and SD/-Trp/X-α-Gal plates with the same colony size and number and white colony,but they did not grow on SD/-Trp/X-α-Gal/AbA plates,which indicated that PD-L1 IgV protein had no toxicity and no self-activation effect on yeast. The results of drip plates test showed that all experimental groups grew well on SD/-Trp/-Leu plate,while only positive control group grew on SD/-Trp/-Leu/X-α-Gal/AbA plate and showed blue color,which indicated that bait protein PD-L1 IgV and hTrx did not self-activate,and there was no interaction between them.Conclusion Recombinant human PD-L1 IgV bait plasmid was successfully constructed. PD-L1 IgV protein showed no toxicity and self-activation effect on yeast cells,and there was no interaction between PD-L1 IgV and hTrx. Subsequently,hTrx can be used to construct a peptide aptamer library,from which peptide aptamers that specifically bind to PD-L1 IgV can be screened.

BACKGROUND:In the treatment of primary knee osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty is a common treatment, but there are some shortcomings in the traditional operation, which maylead to early failure of the prosthesis.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the difference of computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty by vastus medialis approach from the traditional total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS:A total of 79 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into control group (41 cases) and observation group (38 cases), which underwent conventional total knee arthroplasty and computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty by vastus medialis approach. Surgical incision, operation time, total blood loss and drainage volume were recorded and compared in both groups. In 12 months of folow-up, Hospital for Special Surgery knee score was evaluated, and the complications were recorded and compared between the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Operative incision was significantly less in the observation group than in the control group. Operation time was significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group. Total blood loss and drainage volume were significantly lessin the observation group than in the control group (alP< 0.05). (2) Patients in both groups were folowed up for 12 months. Index score and total score of knee function were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (al P< 0.05). (3) No adverse events such as infection, prosthesis loosening or fracture appeared in the observation group. In the control group, four cases affected prosthesis loosening. One case suffered from wound infection. Above events were improved obviously after active treatment. No serious complications occurred. The incidence of complications was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P< 0.05). (4) The results show that, compared with the traditional operation, the choice of the femoral medial approach and the use of computer aided design technology can simulate the knee replacement process, set the cutting position, improve the accuracy and success rate of surgery, have less trauma, and effectively improve knee function, and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

The remote electrocardiograph (ECG) monitoring technique is a combination of microelectronics technology, artificial intelligence technology, modern communication technology and modern medical technology. The key technical points of remote ECG monitoring system includes data preprocessing, identification of feature point, analysis and diagnosis, and remote warning. By using remote ECG monitoring technique, doctors can cross the limitation of domain and implement ECG monitoring, early warning and relevant disposal measures for patients at anytime and anywhere. This new technique can achieve early prevention, early found and early treatment for patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).

MicroRNAs (miRNAs)are involved in the pathological and physiological process of life activities,and some of them exist stably and abundantly in serum,plasma,and other body fluids.Previous studies have indicated that there are significant differences in the expres-sion patterns of circulating miRNAs between patients with viral hepatitis,liver fibrosis,liver cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma,drug-in-duced hepatitis,and other hepatobiliary diseases at different disease stages.Among these circulating miRNAs,some can act as novel nonin-vasive biomarkers for the early diagnosis,disease progression,and prognostic evaluation of related diseases.The latest research advances in circulating miRNAs for the diagnosis of hepatobiliary diseases are reviewed.

Objective To analyze the existing problems in the management of outpatient, to change the traditional manage-ment mode and to provide convenience for outpatient medical care.Methods By adopting the establishment of outpatient manage-ment by walking -around team, making the inspection content and quality standards of walking -around management and implemen-ting three class patrol management, We realized the transformation of the traditional outpatient management mode .Results After im-plementing the management by walking around, outpatients'satisfaction were improved and complaints reduced.Conclusion Man-agement by walking around has great effect on meeting the medical needs of patients, improving the quality of clinic service, optimi-zing the management process, and improving the hospital's reputation.

The humanistic thinking of life philosophy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) observed inlife activities is different from western theories and methods,which is more about life experience and feeling and rich in practical significance.The life philosophy of TCM is also different from traditional Chinese culture.The intuitive feeling of life is one of the main characteristics of life philosophy of TCM.Students of TCM soak in traditional Chinese medicine culture and are influenced by the thinking of real life caused by the care of realbody in TCM.Chinese medicine education should fully mobilize the tacit knowledge of life education in TCM,play excellent tradition of Chinese traditional life philosophy,and cultivate the life moral quality in students of TCM.

Objective To evaluated the treatment results of late course accelerated fractionation radiotherapy for Stage Ⅲ and Ⅳa nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods 100 patients with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳa nasopharyngeal carcinoma were randomized into two groups. The late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combine chemotherapy group(LCAF+CT group) received the induction chemotherapy for two cycles, followed by conventional fractionation radiotherapy to a dose 40 Gy, than changed into accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy to a total dose of 70 Gy, and use two cycles adjuvant chemotherapy, The conventional fractionation radiotherapy combine chemotherapy group(CF+CT group) received the chemotherapy that it similar to the LCAF+CT group, and use the conventional fractionation radiotherapy to a total dose of 70 Gy. Results The 3- and 5-year overall survival rate were 70.0% and 62.0% respectively in LCAF+CT group and 58.0 % and 46.0 % respectively in CF+CT group, had the significant difference (P 0.05). There were the cranial nerves complications in two patients of LCAF+CT group. Conclusions The results from this study show that the 3- and 5-year overall survival rate, the 3- and 5-year disease free survival rate and the 3- and 5-year local-regional free survival rate in LCAF+CT group was significant better than in CF+CT group, but the radiation-induced damage to the cranial nerves was improved in LCAF+CT group.

Objective To investigate the role of antigen-specific regulatory T cells in spontaneous diabetes of NOD mice. Methods Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-peptide specific T cells with fluorescein-labelled Class Ⅱ MHC tetramers were isolated by flow cytometer from NOD mice with spontaneous diabetes and diabetes resistant BALB/c mice. The cytokine profiles of these T cells were detected by antigen stimulated assay, ELISA and intracellular cytokine staining. Adoptively transferred diabetes was determined by intravenously injecting these T cells to NOD/scid mice. Results With different peptides working on the same strain, it showed that NOD mice-derived T cells secreted different amounts of interforn-? but comparable interlenkin (IL)-4 or IL-10, however, similar cytokine profiles were shown in BALB/c mice-derived T cells. With the same peptide working on different strains, NOD mice-derived T cells secreted less IL-2 but more IL-4 and IL-10 than BALB/c mice-derived T cells did. Interestingly, these NOD mice-derived T cells effectively inhibited diabetes development in adoptively transferred NOD/scid mice. Conclusion NOD mice-derived T cells inhibit development of diabetes, however, different cytokine profiles are expressed by these T cells induced by two adjacent GAD peptides. It suggests that these T cells are diabetes-inhibiting regulatory T cells displaying unique cytokine profiles.