Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin(NGAL),also known as lipocalin 2,has close relationship with human neoplasias,which is up-regulated in a number of malignancy and involves in the process of tumor development.But it appears to exist paradoxical effects attributed to NGAL in human neoplasias.For instance,through protecting MMP9 from autodegradation,NGAL has a clear pro-tumoral and pro-metastatic effect,as has already been observed in breast cancer and esophageal cancer.However,on the contrary,for pancreatic cancer and ovarian cancer,NGAL can inhibit FAK phosphorylation and vascular epidermal growth factor synthesis,having an anti-tumoral and anti-metastatic effect.This review summarizes the current knowledge about the dual effects of NGAL in the process of tumor development,and attempts to explore the possible underlyins mechanism.

Objective To study the expressions of phosphatese and tensin homolog deletedin chromosom ten (PTEN),Fas/FasL system and matrix metalloproteinnases-2 (MMP-2) in human gastric cancer.Methods Seventy-five cases of gastric carcinoma were selected from paraffin wax embodied specimens with full clinicopathological data,and another 15 cases of normal gastric mucosa specimens were selected as the control group.SP immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expressions of PTEN,Fas/FasL and MMP-2 in them.The data was statistically analyzed by ?2 test and relative analysis.Results The expressions of PTEN,Fas/FasL and MMP-2 were correlated with the lymphatic metastasis,degree of infiltration,clinical TMN stage and pathological histological differentiated degree of gastric cancer (P

Phase separation immunoassay (PSI) combines some advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous immunoassays by carrying out a fast homogeneous immune reaction and a simple heterogeneous separation process. The method is readily amenable to automation. The principle of PSI is introduced. The carriers, the immobilization modes, the labels, the applications and the development of PSI are comprehensively reviewed with 60 References.

Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Parasomnias

Objective To report the results of distally based lateral supramalleolar flap for the reconstruction of dorsal aspect of foot. Methods Twelve patients with soft tissue defects in the dorsal aspect of foot were treated with distally based lateral supramalleolar flap. The largest flap size was 9 cm? 6 cm, the smallest was 5 cm? 4 cm, with an average of 6 cm? 5 cm. Results The flap survived in all 12 patients. The color and texture of the flaps were nearly normal. Their appearance and function were satisfactory after 3 weeks to 24 months follow- up. Conclusion Distally based lateral supramalleolar flap is a reliable flap. The dissection is easy. The flap has a rich blood supply without sacrifice of major artery. It can be used reliably for the reconstruction of dorsal aspect of foot.

Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia ; Humans

Atherosclerosis ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; methods

Objective: Through comparing the hospitalization costs of total knee replacement (TKR) in People’s Hospital of Peking University in 2005 and 2010, to investigate the changing status of hospitalization costs on this operation and the impact of clinical pathway ( CP ) on controlling the hospitalization costs during 5 years , and provide references for controlling medical treatment cost reasonably. Methods: The patients are grouped into undergoing unilateral and bilateral TKR. The total hospitalization cost and cost of each category during 5 years are compared, and SAS 9.2 statistic software is applied to deal the data. Results: Compared with 2005, the total cost for TKR in 2010 decreased. All the charging items decreased, except implant material increased, especially the cost of surgery, hospital room, nursing and pharmacy. Specific to one knee replacement group and both knees replacement, the changing trend of cost is coincident with the total cost. Conclusion: The total cost for TKR in 2010 was lower than that of 2005, which might be the result of adopting CP since 2010. Nevertheless, the implant material cost accounted large proportion of hospitalization cost in 2010, and it has obvious increasing trend compared to 2005. This result is related the increasing application of the new edition of Artificial knee joint prosthesis. Controlling implant material cost is the effective method of decreasing medical costs for TKR.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of laparoscopic,retroperitoneal laparoscopic,and open radical nephrectomy.Methods Clinical data of 32 cases of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy(Laparoscopic Group),18 cases of retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy(Retroperitoneal Group),and 32 cases of open radical nephrectomy(Open Group) were compared in respect of operation time,length of hospitalization after operation,intraoperative hemorrhage volume,and incidence of postoperative complications.Results With exception of 1 case of conversion to open surgery because of ruptured renal vein in the Laparoscopic Group,the operation was successfully completed in all the cases.Of the Laparoscopic Group,Retroperitoneal Group,and Open Group,the operation time was 100.5?19.2 min,90.3?21.4 min,and 127.2?20.5 min,respectively,the intraoperative hemorrhage volume was 40?15 ml,50?15 ml,and 200?30 ml,respectively,and the length of postoperative hospitalization was 5.2?1.3 d,5.6?1.1 d,and 9.1?1.8 d,respectively.Both the Laparoscopic Group and the Retroperitoneal Group were superior to the Open Group(P

Alzheimer’ s disease ( AD) , a central nervous system degenerative disease, is characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and memory damage. Although intensive research leads to a better understanding of AD pathology, no new medi-cines are found to prevent, delay or stop the progression of AD. Three cholinesterase inhibitors ( donepezil, rivastigmine and ga-lantamine) and an N-methyl D-aspartase NMDA receptor antag-onist, memantine have been approved in clinic for AD treat-ment, but these treatments only have modest symptomatic effects for relatively short time periods. Therefore, to find effective medicines to prevent, improve and treat AD is urgent. It is well known, the traditional Chinese medicine resources are abundant in China. Chinese medicines, including the active ingredients and compounds, have been used in dementia treatment for a long history. The review is aimed to summarize the application and related mechanisms of natural products such as huperzine A, ginsenosides, L-3-n-butylphathlide, TSG and so on in AD treat-ment.