Objective:To detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3(VEGFR-3)in earlystage tongue cancer and the relationship with occult metastasis thereof.Methods:The expression of VEGFR-3 was examined in paraffin-embedded specimens from 62 patients with early-stage tongue cancer by immunohistochemical staining.The relationship was analyzed between the expression of VEGFR-3 and size,occult metastasis and differentiation of early-stage tongue cancer.Results:The positive expression of VEGFR-3 mainly located in the lymphatic endothelial cells of peritumoral areas and negative expression in tumor area.The higher expression of VEGFR-3 was found in patients with occult metastasis.The expression of VEGFR-3 was significantly higher in patients of Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade than that of patients in I grade carcinoma(t=4.77,P ＜ 0.05).The expression of VEGFR-3 was higher in patients with occult metastasis than that in patients with negative lymph node(t=6.33,P ＜ 0.05).But there were no significant correlation between the expression of VEGFR-3 and the age,gender and size of tumor in patients.Conclusion:The value of VEGFR-3 can be a useful indicator to evaluate the occult metastasis of early-stage tongue cancer.

AlM: To comprehensively evaluate of visual quality after epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis ( EPl-LASlK) in mild to moderate myopia.METHODS: Sixty cases ( 120 eyes ) undergone EPl-LASlK with equivalent diopter ( SE ) were divided into two groups:mild myopia group (60 eyes) and moderate myopia group ( 60 eyes ) . Objective visual acuity, aberration, contrast sensitivity and glare sensitivity were measured before and 1wk; 1, 6mo after operation, and made comparative analysis. RESULTS: Postoperative uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) of two groups were better than that of preoperative(P<0. 05). Postoperative 6mo, there were significant differences on total high RMS between two groups ( P < 0. 05 ). Before operation and 6mo after operation, higher - order aberrations had statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0. 05). After 1wk and 1mo, there were statistical significances at the five frequencies between two groups (P<0. 05). After 6mo, the mild myopia group returned to preoperative levels, however, moderate myopia group in the high frequency region ( 18. 0c/d ) had significant difference with before surgery (P<0. 05). 1wk after surgery, there were statistically significant differences on the 3. 0, 6. 0, 12.0, 18. 0c/d frequency in both groups (all P<0. 05), 1mo after surgery, there were significant difference at 12.0, 18.0c/d frequencies (all P<0.05), after 6mo, both groups returned to preoperative levels, showed no significant difference.CONCLUSlON:Visual quality is poorer in mild myopia patients than that in moderate myopia at early stage after EPl-LASlK. Better visual quality is observed at mid-late stage.

AIM: To observe the direct effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on secretion of endothelin-1(ET-1) and nitric oxide by human umbilical vein endothelial cell and cell viability of the secretor. METHODS: The third passage of human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with different concentrations of LPS(1 g/L, 100 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 100 ?g/L, 10 ?g/L, 1 ?g/L) for 6 hours, and the culture supernatants were collected. The concentrations of ET-1 were determined by radioimmunoassay, the concentrations of nitric oxide were determined using Greiss's method. The viabilities of cells were measured by MTT method. RESULTS: The concentration of ET-1 (pg/L) of normal control group was 251 64?10 90. The concentrations of ET-1(pg/L) of LPS treated groups were 220 85?19 14, 278 67?15 45, 306 40?11 60, 312 87?33 50, 324 38?17 02, 291 49?14 30, 282 11?13 38, respectively. (each group compared with normal control group, P

Objective To observe the effect of Xinmailing Injection (XI) on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)- induced secretion of endothelin- 1 (ET- 1) and nitric oxide (NO) from endothelial cells of human umbilical veins.Methods The in- vitro culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells were stimulated by LPS( 100 ? g/L) and incubated with XI(320 g /L) for half an hour,one hour,2 hours,4 and 6 hours respectively.Then the cultured supernatants were collected.The viabilities of cells were measured by MTT method.The concentrations of ET- 1 and NO were determined by radioimmunoassay method and by Gneiss's Method respectively.Results (1) The viabilities of cells arrived the highest level as treated with XI with the concentration of 320 g /L (P

AIM and METHODS: To investigate the effect of endotoxin on the celluar activity and secretion of endothelin-1 by radioimmunoassay and MTT methods in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells stimulated by E coli endotoxin (E coli O55:B5, Sigma) of various concentrations (1 g/L, 100 mg/L， 10 mg/L，1 mg/L，100 μg/L，10 μg/L, 1 μg/L) and at the same time interval (HUVEC stimulated by endotoxin for 6 hours) in vitro.RESULTS:Endotoxin showed a slightly inhibitory effect on the viability of endothelial cells at low doses (1 μg/L， 10 μg/L, 100 μg/L, 1 mg/L). The viabilities were 92.00%±1.45%， 91.81%±2.03%, 89.52%±1.49%, 88.35%±1.88%, respectively, versus control group, P＜0.01. The cells were impaired significantly at the higher dose of LPS (100 mg/L), the viability was 80.49%±8.76%, versus control group, P＜0.01. The cells were killed evidently at the concentration of LPS (1 g/L), the viability was 73%±8%, versus control group, P＜0.01. The secretion of ET-1 increased gradually with the concentration of endotoxin manifolding. The concentration of ET-1 reached its peak at the dose of 100 μg/L, and it was (324.384±17.023) ng/L, versus control group (251.636±17.023) ng/L, P＜0.01. Endotoxin was effective in stimulating the endothelial cells to secret ET-1 in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSION: These findings suggested ET-1 may be one of the important factors in endotoxic shock, and the increase in plasma ET-1 level in endotoxemia may be associated with increase in ET-1 secretion.

To study the direct effect of E.Coli endotoxin on the production of nitric oxide by endothelial cells, the second passage of cultured human umbilical cells was stimulated by serial doses of endotoxin (1 g/L, 10 mg/L, 100 μg/L, 10 μg/L, 1 μg/L), and the content of nitric oxide in supematant of culture and the viability of endothelial cells 6 hours after the stimulation were obcerved. The result showed that endotoxin had a slightly inhibitory effect on both the production of nitric oxide and the viability of endothelial cells at low doses (1 μg/L, 10 μg/L, 100 μg/L), especially the dose of 100 μg/L ［(608.63±11.64) μmol/L, versus that of unstimulated grouop (629.46±13.36) μmol/L, P＜0.05］. While the high doses of endotoxin exerted a big increasing in production of nitric oxide and a big decrease in the viability of endothelial cells, especially the dose of 1 g/L (NO: 722.58 μmol/L±32.18 μmol/L, versus that of unstimulated group P＜0.01; viability: 73.63%±8.50%, versus that of unstimulated group, P＜0.01). These could be concluded that low doses of endotoxin mainly resulted in functional changes in endothelial cells, such as decrease in relaxing factor (nitrc oxide), while high doses endotoxin exerted lethal effects on endothelial cells accompanied with high production of nitric oxide, which might be related to the death of cells.

AIM: To observe the direct effect of LPS on expressions of ET-1, eNOS, and iNOS mRNA in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and further research the molecular mechanism of effect of LPS on production of ET-1 and NO. METHODS: The third passage of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells was incubated with low concentration (100 ?g/L) of LPS for 6 hours. Total RNA was extracted. The expressions of ET-1, eNOS, and iNOS mRNA were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR method. RESULTS: ET-1 mRNA experession increased significantly, while expression of eNOS mRNA decreased significantly, and there was no significant change in expression of iNOS mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: In human umbilical vein endothelial cells, low concentration of LPS enhanced the expression of ET-1 mRNA, inhibited the expression of eNOS mRNA, and had no significant effect on the expression of iNOS mRNA.

Objective To explore the value of MRI T2*quantification of visceral iron deposition in patients with β-thalassemia major. Methods A total of one hundred and two patients with β-thalassemia major were retrospectively analyzed. They underwent genetic testing and the cardiac and (or) abdominal MRI scanning. Among them, 47 patients underwent splenectomy operation, 95 patients underwent cardiac MRI scanning, 102 underwent abdominal MRI scanning for their livers, pancreases and kidneys, and 55 underwent splenic MRI scanning. The T2* values of the hearts, livers, pancreases and kidneys were measured, meanwhile the liver iron concentrations (LIC) were measured. The levels of serum ferritin (SF) patients were measured in 81 patients. The Spearman rank correlation was employed to analyze the relationship between SF, LIC, age and each organs T2* values. Independent sample t test (normal distribution) or the Mann- Whitney U test (non-normal distribution) were used to compare the hepatic, cardiac, renal and splenic T2* values differences between patients with splenectomy and those without. Results Serum ferritin were highly positively correlated with LIC, moderately correlatied with age, moderately negatively correlated with hepatic and pancreatic T2* values, with r values of 0.833, 0.537,-0.623 and -0.403, respectively (P<0.05). There was significantly negative correlation between hepatic T2*value and LIC (r=-0.925, P<0.01). There were moderately correlations between hepatic and splenic T2*values (r=0.634, P<0.01), hepatic and pancreatic T2*values (r=0.530, P<0.01). However, those T2*values of other organs had no correlation (P>0.05). The hepatic and pancreatic T2*values were reduced (P<0.05), the renal T2* value was increased (P<0.05) in the patients with splenectomy. The cardiac T2* value was not statistically different (P>0.05). Conclusions The patients with β-thalassemia major have prone to suffer from excessive iron deposition in the heart and abdominal organs. The technology of MRI quantification of T2*values could reflect the body iron overload.

The ultramicro-powder dosage is a new type decoction pieces of Chinese medicine.Due to high cell-wall penetrating rate of vegetal cell and increasing of specific surface area,the development of ultramicro-powder dosage has great significance to increasing clinical effects and bioavailability of Chinese medicine.

Objective To study the sub-chronic toxicity of lake water treated with effect microorganisms(EM).Methods One hundred and ten Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups,11 males and 11 females in each.Three groups were treated orally with lake water depurated with EM,at the doses of 125,250,500 ml/kg respectively,for 90 consecutive days.The other two groups were treated with the untreated lake water(250 ml/kg) and tap water,respectively.The animal's behavior,body weight,blood and organ tissue indicators were examined.Results No poisoning signs were observed in all animals,no significant difference was found in body weight,blood routine test indexes,the serum test indexes between all treated groups and control groups,and no significant pathological change in the organ tissues of all treated groups and control groups was seen.Conclusion The lake water depurated with EM at doses of 125 to 500 ml/kg may not induce sub-chronic toxicity in rats.