Objective To study the effect electrode placement of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS) on phantom limb pain in the postoperative phase of amputation.Methods 60 cases with phantom limb pain after amputation were equal divided into the treatment group and the control group.The electrodes were placed in the contralateral side similar as phantom limb in the treatment group,but were placed at the stumps in the control group.Results After two course of treatment,93.3% of the treatment group improved,and 76.7% very improved,which were better than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Electrode placement of TENS effects the different result of treating phantom limb pain.

OBJECTIVETo deposit silver nanoparticles on a titanium surface to obtain antibacterial properties. To reduce the incidence of peri-implantitis, and improve the success rate of implantation.

METHODSA silver nanoparticle-modified titanium (Ti-nAg) surface was prepared using silanization method, and its surface was characterized by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). Two species of bacteria, namely, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, were used to test the antibacterial effect of Ti-nAg surface.

RESULTSScanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed that a small quantity of silver nanoparticles were deposited on the titanium surface. XPS analyses revealed that 6.8% of silver was present on the titanium surface. After 24 h of incubation, 94.23% of Staphylococcus aureus and 95.34% of Escherichia coli were killed on the Ti-nAg surface.

CONCLUSIONResults suggest that silver nanoparticle-modified titanium is a promising material with an antibacterial property that may be used as an implantable biomaterial.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Dental Implants ; Escherichia coli ; Prostheses and Implants ; Silver ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Titanium

OBJECTIVETo compare the sedative effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and midazolam (MDZ) in dental implant surgery:

METHODSSixty patients undergoing dental implantation were selected and divided randomly into six groups (10 in each group). In group 1 (G1), a highdose of MDZ alone was administered intravenously. In group 2 (G2), a relatively low dose of MDZ and DEX was administered intravenously. In group 3 (G3), a highdose of MDZ and DEX was administered intravenously. In group 4 (G4), a lowdose of MDZ and a highdose of DEX were administered. In group 5(G5), a highdose of MDZ and a low dose of DEX were administered. In group 6 (G6), a highdose of DEX alone was administered intravenously. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and arterial oxygen saturation values were measured. Sedation was assessed by determining the Ramsay sedation scores(RSS) during infiltration anesthesia (T1), incision (T2), cutting (T3), and suturing (T4). Before discharging from the hospital, patients were asked if they remembered the T1 to T4 procedures. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and the degree of patient satisfaction were assessed at the same time.

RESULTSIn T1 to T4, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) in G3 was the lowest and was significantly different from that in G1 and G2 (P < 0.05). In G1, the SBP was higher than that in G6 at the T3 and T4 points (P < 0.05). HR was below the preoperative (P < 0.05) in the G3 only. RSS was the lowest in G1 during the whole procedure. In G2, most patients obtained scores of 2-3. In G3, sedation was deeper, had more cases ofup to 5. In G4, most patients obtained scores of 3-4. In G5, some patients had a score of up to 5. The RSS in G6 was lower than that in G3 and G4 or G5 in T1 to T2, closer to G4 in T2. An evaluation of the VAS and the degree of patient satisfaction did not show any differences among the groups.

CONCLUSIONThe combination of DEX and MDZ is superior to a single intravenous injection. Low-dose MDZ combined with high-dose DEX achieved the highest quality of sedation in this study.

Anesthesia ; Blood Pressure ; Dental Care ; Dental Implants ; Dexmedetomidine ; therapeutic use ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; therapeutic use ; Midazolam ; therapeutic use ; Pain Measurement ; Patient Satisfaction ; Prospective Studies

Objective To improve the level of diagnosis and differentiation of renal benign mass with renal cell carcinoma(RCC),so as to lower the misdiagnosis rate.Methods This study included 9 cases of benign renal mass,whose age ranged from 30 to 76 years with a mean of 54 years and included 52 patients with RCC.Three subtypes of RCC were noted,including clear cell in 37 cases,papillary RCC in 10 cases and chromophobe RCC in 5 cases.Plain scan and three phase CT(corticomedullary,nephrographic and excretory phases)were done in all patients.The CT features of RCC and benign mass were compared.Results All the cases were underwent radical nephrectomy as RCC,while they were postoperatively diagnosed as benign renal mass.There were 4 cases of angiomyolipoma (AML)with minimal fat,two cases of oncocytoma,one case of leiomyoma,one case of inflammatory pseudotumor,and one case of cyst with hematoma and organization.Fifty-two cases of RCC showed homogenous or inhomogeous,equal,slightly lower,slightly higher or mixed density on unenhanced scan,inhomogenous obvious enhancement after administration of contrast media.And the most obviously enhanced portion of renal carcinomas were isodense or slightly hyperdense relative to adjacent renal cortex in corticomedullary phase.Conclusion CT is an important radiologic approach to diagnose and differentially diagnose malignant or benign kidney mass.For those patients with benign mass that is not a typical case on radiology,the preoperative needle biopsy or intraoperative frozen section pathological diagnosis is the key to avoid misdiagnose and mistake resection of the kidney,and choose the proper treatment approach to avoid unnecessary kidney radical resection.

Purpose:We observed and compared the therapeutic effects of CO_2 and dehy- drated ethanol as sclerosing agent,in percutaneous interventional methods for treatment of hepatic and renal cysts,Materials and methods:Twenty-two simple cysts,14 in livers,8 in kidneys,af- ter percutaneous puncture and aspiration,we instilled CO_2 or dehydrated ethanol into the cysts once, twice or thrice with followed-up for 2 to 29 months,Results:All the 22 cysts in 22 patients were better after treatment especially of them,including 8 of 12 cases(66.7%)treated with dehydrated ethanol only once.The maximum diameters of 8 renal cysts(8/8,100%)after one treatment re- duced to less than 2cm in the follow-up,comparing with only 5 of 14 hepatic cysts(5/14,35. 7%).Conclusion:1)Pereutaneous interventional method by guidance of ultrasound is safe and ef- fective in simple hepatic or renal cyst treatment.2)CO_2 is similar to dehydrated ethanol as a scleros- ing agent.3)The therapeutic effect of simple renal cyst is better than that of hepetic cyst.

AIMTo investigate the effects of CoQlo supplementation on liver mitochondrial function and aerobic capacity in adolescent athletes.

METHODSBased on a single blinded study design, 18 male adolescent swimming athletes were randomized into two groups, supplement CoQ10 100 mg/d (Q group), or placebo (P group) for 28 days respectively.

RESULTS(1) After supplementation, the plasma CoQ10 concentration in Q group was significantly elevated and significantly higher compared to P group. (2) After supplementation, the rest plasma MDA level in Q group remained unchanged and was significantly lower compared to P group. (3) The plasma CoQ10 concentration of the 18 athletes was significantly decreased during the first constant endurance exercise. (4) The baseline plasma CoQ10 of the 18 subjects showed significantly positive correlation with VO2max measured in the first incremental exercise. (5) No significant difference of increased level of AKBR between Q group and P group. (6) No significant difference of increase level of VO2max, individual lactate threshold and exercise economy between Q and P group.

CONCLUSIONAlthough there is an increased demand for plasma CoQ10 during endurance exercise and CoQ10 supplement can depress lipid peroxidation, there is no effect of CoQ10 supplementation on liver mitochondrial function and aerobic capacity in adolescent athletes.

Adolescent ; Exercise ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Mitochondria, Liver ; metabolism ; physiology ; Physical Endurance ; Swimming ; Ubiquinone ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives

Objective To observe the analgesia effect of oxycodone hydrochloride injection successive subtraction method background infusion on postoperative analgesia in patients of lobectomy under thoracoscope.Methods Ninety lobectomy under thoracoscope patients, using the random number table method patients were randomly divided into three groups:sufentanil group (group S), the constant speed oxycodone infusion group (Q1) and the decreasing background infusion oxycodone group (Q2), 30 cases in each group. On the time of 10 minutes before the end of surgery, S group was given sufentanil 0.10 μg/kg, Q1 and Q2 group was given oxycodone 0.10 mg/kg, each patient was given intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCIA), the group of S set electronic pump sufentanil 2.00 μg/kg (100 ml), background infusion was 0.03 μg/(kg·h), PCA dose was 0.015 μg/kg; The group of Q1 was oxycodone 1.00 mg/kg (100 ml), background dose of 15.00 μg/(kg·h), PCA dose of 15.0 μg/kg; The group of Q2 also was oxycodone 1.00 mg/kg (100 ml), on the first 12 h after operation, the background infusion was 15.00 μg/(kg·h), every 12 h later, the background infusion decreased by 20%, PCA dose was 15.00 μg/kg, all of the pump locking time was 10 minutes, lock 4 times per hour. Recorded the number of hemodynamic on the end of operation, immediate extubation and extubation after 5 minutes. On the time of postoperative 2 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, recorded the scores of NRS?, NRS (M), Ramsay. Recorded the times of PCA compression,times of medicaments remedies,the amount of drug use, adverse reactions such as respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, itching and satisfaction of patients to postoperative analgesia.Results The MAP and HR of three groups of patients were increased in the time of tube drawing (P < 0.05), there was no significantly difference in MAP and HR among the three groups at the end of operation, immediate extubation and after 5 minutes of extubation (P > 0.05). The score of NRS ? in the groups of Q1 and Q2 was lower than group S at the time of (T3~5) (P < 0.05), the score of NRS (M) in the groups of Q1 and Q2 was lower than group S at the time of (T3~6) also. The Ramsay score of Q1 and Q2 group was higher than the group S in the point (T3~7). Which the times of PCA and remedial drug use, sleep disturbed times in the first day and second day of group Q1 and Q2 was lower than the group S (P < 0.05). The volume of drug use at 48 h in the group of Q2 was lower than the group Q1 and S (P < 0.05). Postoperative nausea and vomiting of group Q2 was lowered than group S (P < 0.05). The satisfaction of Patients to postoperative analgesia in the group Q2 and Q1 was higher than group S (P < 0.05).Conclusion Lobectomy under thoracoscope patients with postoperative application of successive subtraction method background infusion oxycodone can obtain satisfactory analgesia effect with a smooth anesthesia recovery period, satisfied analgesic effect, reduce the dosage of drugs and reduce the adverse reaction.

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression levels of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in the peripheral blood of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to discuss their biological and clinical significance.

METHODSPD-1/PD-L1 expression on the surface of T-lymphocytes and the counts of T-lymphocyte subpopulations of peripheral blood in 82 patients with OSCC (OSCC group) and 25 healthy controls (control group) were examined via flow cytometry. The expression levels of soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) and soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) in the serum were observed through enzyme-link immunology method. The data were tested and analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software.

RESULTSThe percentage of CD8+ T cells in the OSCC group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), whereas the percentages of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells as well as CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The positive rates of PD-1 and PD-L1 in CD3+ and CD4+ T cells in OSCC peripheral blood were remarkably higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). Difference was not observed between the expression levels of sPD-1 in the serum of OSCC group and those in the control group (P>0.05), but the average of sPD-L1 was remarkably higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). sPD-L1 expression was related to clinical stage, tumor cell differentiation, and lymph node status (P<0.05) but not related to sex, age, tumor location, and tumor size.

CONCLUSIONT-lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood of patients with OSCC developed immunosuppression with different degrees. PD-1 and PD-L1 expression levels on the surface of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells significantly increased. Abnormal increase in sPD-L1 expression may be associated with OSCC development.

B7-H1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets

Iridoid glycosides were the main active ingredient of Rehmannia glutinosa, of which catalpol has the highest content. This work will provide theoretical basis for metabolic study and cultivation of iridoids on the basis of the dynamic accumulation of catalpol and total iridoids in the growth of R. glutinosa. The samples of rehmannia 85-5 were gathered in the same filed from July to October. The contents of catalpol and total iridoid glycosides were measured by HPLC and specteophotometric, respectively. The results showed that youngest leaves had the higher content of catalpol and total iridoid glyosides than that of the other two leaf ages in the same growth stage from July to September, while their content of catalpol and total iridoid glycosides were all decreased as the growth of leaves of R. glutinosa. The content of catalpol didn't differ significantly from July to September, whereas it has significantly increased in October in the three leaf stage. In the same stage, the wider the root diameter is, the higher content of the effective components are. In August and September, the total iridoid glycosides have the fastest accumulation. The content of catalpol was increased as the accumulation of total iridoid glycosides.
Iridoid Glucosides ; metabolism ; Iridoids ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; metabolism ; Rehmannia ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Seasons ; Water ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect of miRNA -1 00 on the proliferation of human leukemia cells HL -60,and to explore the mechanism of this action.Methods The bioinformatics software and database were applied to predict and analyze target genes of miRNA -1 00.The vector contained the target gene 3′UTR portion cloned into a luciferase reporter construct.A luciferase reporter assay was performed following co -transfection of small molecular miRNA -1 00 mimics and target gene wild -type or mutant plasmid into HEK -293T cells.HL -60 cells were trans-fected with miRNA -1 00 mimics or anti -miRNA -1 00.After transfection,Western blot was applied to validate the expression of carboxy -terminal domain small phosphatase -like protein (CTDSPL),and the viability of HL -60 was measured by using cell counting kit (CCK -8)assay at 24 h,48 h,72 h,96 h.Results Online software predicted that CTDSPL was likely to be the target gene of miRNA -1 00.Dual luciferase reporter gene assay system showed that miRNA -1 00 could significantly suppress the activity of reporter gene containing CTDSPL 3′-UTR which decreased by about 57.1 %(P =0.000 7).Western blot showed that the expression of CTDSPL was increased after being trans-fected with miRNA -1 00 antisense oligonucleotides and decreased after being transfected with miRNA -1 00 mimics.At the same time,the growth rate of cells treated with miRNA -1 00 mimics or CTDSPL miRNA -1 00 was increased com-pared with that in control by CCK -8 test (P <0.05 ).Conclusions CTDSPL is a downstream target gene of miRNA -1 00.miRNA -1 00 can promote leukemia cell proliferation by inhibiting the expression of CTDSPL.