This study was conducted to investigate the anti-tumor efficacy of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) on the mouse with A375-GFP melanoma xenograft in vivo. In vivo fluorescence image analysis system was used in this study to evaluate the effects of nsPEFs on human melanoma A375 cell xenograft. On the Day 90 af ter pulse delivery, the skin that had contained A375 cell xenograft was surgically excised and pathologically evalua ted. The changes of scar were recorded by digital camera. The experiment revealed that significant changes in fluorescence value trend and amplitude were found in the treated group from those in the control group. The fluorescence of tumor in the treated group decreased mostly 48 h after the treatment and completely disappeared 10 d after the treatment, while that in control group was increased gradually. Surgical excision of the area confirmed a complete pathologic response. Within a few days after the nsPEFs treatment, a hard scab formed at the treatment region. The scab fell off by the end of the second week. As time went on, the scar gradually became faded and all xenograft tumors were disappeared without recurrence. From the experiment, we learn that nsPEFs can bring good therapeutic effect. It may provide a new approach for the clinical treatment of superficial tumors.
Animals ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; methods ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Melanoma ; therapy ; Mice ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Skin ; pathology

Objective To investigate the galectin-3 expression in squamous carcinioma of esophagus and analyze its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics.Methods S-P immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of galectin-3 in 80 paraffin-embedded specimens of esophageal carcinoma and 22 specimens of normal tissues adjacent to the benigh lesions of esophagus.RT-PCR was performed to detect galectin-3 mRNA expression in 36 pairs of fresh squamous carcinoma tissues and corresponding adjacent normal mucosa.Results Out of 80 specimens of squamous carcinoma of esophagus,62 specimens had positive expression of galectin-3,with the positive rate of 77.5%(62/80)that was significantly higher than 27.27% in normal esophageal tissues(6/22,P

Objective To explore clinical features and antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pneumoniae) lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI) in children.Methods Clinical data of 107 children with K.pneumoniae LRTI confirmed by sputum culture from January to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively.Results 62.62% of children with LRTI were aged less than 6 months and 64.49% episodes occurred in autumn and winter.All cases had cough and 39 had fever, the main complications were type I respiratory failure, type Ⅱ respiratory failure, cardiac insufficiency, and electrolyte disturbance, 39 cases(36.45%) had complications involving two systems, 5 cases(4.67%)had complications involving three systems,47 cases (43.93%) met the diagnostic criteria of severe pneumonia.43 cases (40.19%) had primary underlying diseases, the major were congenital heart disease, preterm and low birth weight, and malnutrition.Children with imipenem-resistant bacteria infection were more prone to develop extrapulmonary complications than those with non-resistant pathogenic infection.The resistance rate of K.pneumoniae to amikacin was the lowest(9.35%).90 cases were recovered and markedly effective, 11 cases were effective, 4 cases were not healed and voluntarily discharged from hospital, and 2 cases died.Conclusion Children aged less than 6 months and with underlying diseases are prone to develop LRTI, and complications are more.

Objective To use bilateral common carotid artery ligation for creating an aneurysm model of the basilar terminus in New Zealand white rabbits. Methods Twenty-sixadult New Zealand white rabbits were subjected to sham operation or bilateral common carotid artery ligation to increase basilar artery flow. Basilar artery flow velocity was monitored by transcranial Doppler before the operation, and 1 d, 1 week, and 4 weeks after surgery. Cerebral angiography was performed 4 weeks after surgery to observe the changes of basilar arteries. The basilar arteries were harvested to observe the morphological changes of the arteries and the histological characteristics of the bifurcation tissues 1 week and 4 weeks after the surgery. Results All animals survived in the sham group, and 80% (16/20) of the animals survived in the experimental group. Thebasilar artery flow velocity increased sharply one day after operation (increased by 226%) in the experimental group, and it kept increasing 1 week after the operation until reaching a stable state 4 weeks after operation. The basal arteries were dilated obviously and displayed tortuous formation after one week in the experimental group, but there was no such change in the sham group. All rabbits in the experimental group presented with thinned media and absent, disrupted or thinned internal elastic lamina near the basilar terminus. Conclusion Blood flow increase at the basilar bifurcation caused by ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries can lead to aneurysmal change at the basilar terminus of New Zealand white rabbits.

Objective To explore the Oneomehnia distribution on electronic map based on gridding orientation pattern of marshlands in Changsha along Xiangjiang River,in order to manage snail information in a visual and digital way.Methods The data of geographic information and snail information were collected by global positioning system(GPS)and database was established using systematic sampling,and then an information management system of electronic map about the distribution of Oncomelania was designed.The degree of Oncomelania was expressed in different colors,the Oncomelania information in the database on the digital map wag reflected accurately using the geographic information system(GIS)technology.Results The electronic map of the distribution information of 20 marshlands in Changsha along Xiangjiang River were drawn.At the same time,the information could be grasped compreheusively.Digit map contains geographic information and database of snail information,such as the row and rnum,the density of alive and infectious snails,the area and geographic information et al.A method of managing and analyzing snail information with higher efficiency was offerred in this article.Conclusion Conventional methods of managing and analyzing Oncomelania information are reformed into digitalization and visualization.

AlM:To explore treatment efficacy of the lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition surgery in senile entropion.METHODS:Fifty cases (86 eyes) of senile lower eyelid entropion patients underwent lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition correction surgery as the experimental group, and the other 42 cases (68 eyes) of senile lower eyelid entropion patients received orbicularis muscle shortening correction as controls group. The correction rate, double eyelid symmetry and overcorrection rate of patients were observed one week after surgery. The patients were followed up for 6~12mo to be observed the long-term recurrence rate, double eyelid symmetry and overcorrection rate.RESULTS: One week after operation, eyelid symmetry, overcorrection rate of experimental group and control group had significant difference (P<0. 05); After followed up for 6 ~12mo, eyelid symmetry, overcorrection rate of experimental group and control group had significant difference (P<0. 05). CONCLUSlON: Folding and orbicularis muscle shortening treatment of senile entropion was compared with the lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition surgery treatment of senile entropion, We can find that clinical results in double eyelid surgery symmetry and overcorrection rate are of obvious advantage.

Objective To compare the curative effect of open and minimally invasive treatment of acute closed achilles tendon rupture with 5 years followed-up study.Methods From September,2010 to January,2012,28 patients with acute closed Achilles tendon rupture in our hospital were followed up for 5 years.There were 21 males and 7 females.Minimally invasive percutaneous suture in 11 cases;open suture in the treatment of 17 cases.The patients were followed up at 6 months,1 year,2 years,3 years,4 years,and 5 years after AOFAS and ATRS score.Results The follow-up time ranged from 60 to 72 months.All incisions healed by first intention and no incision related complications occurred.2 groups of patients with ATRS score at 6 months after operation:the open group was 81.23±3.99,minimally invasive percutaneous group of 88.27±4.27,the difference between the two groups was statistically significantly.After 1 year,there was no significant difference in the scores between the two groups.Two groups of patients with AOFAS score at 6 months after operation:the open group was 69.00±6.23,minimally invasive percutaneous group of 79.27±4.83,the difference between the two groups was statistically significantly.At one year after operation,the open group was 85.53±3.38,and the minimally invasive group was more than 89.90±3.38.The difference between the two groups was statistically significantly.After 2 years,there was no significant difference in the scores between the two groups.Conclusion There is no significant difference between the 2 years after surgery in the treatment of acute closed Achilles tendon rupture or open surger.

Objective:To investigate the role of Th1/Th2 shift in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and to study the effect and molecular mechanism of Bushen Guchong decoction on URSA treatment by regulating Th 1/Th2 paradigm.Methods:30 cases of URSA patients were given Bushen Guchong decoction administration ; meanwhile,30 cases of normal pregnancy women were taken as control group.Th1/Th2 paradigm in peripheral blood monocytes of URSA patients before and after Bushen Guchong decoction administration was detected by flow cytometry.Moreover,the mRNA expression of the specific transcription factors for Th1 and Th2 subsets -T-bet and GATA-3 were detected by RT-PCR assay.Furthermore,the relationship between the Th1/Th2 paradigm and the uterine bleeding time after Bushen Guchong decoction administration was analyzed by Pearson correlation and re -gression tests.Results: Compared with normal pregnancy women , the proportion of Th1 subset of URSA patients was increased significantly (P<0.05),while the proportion of Th2 subset was decreased markedly (P<0.05).Additionally,the ration of Th1/Th2 subsets was increased in URSA women (P<0.05).After Bushen Guchong decoction treatment ,the proportion of Th1 subsets in URSA patients and T-bet mRNA expression were up-regulated significantly ( P<0.05 ) , whereas the Th2 proportion and GATA-3 mRNA expression were down-regulated obviously (P<0.05).Moreover,the ratio of Th1/Th2 was decreased significantly (P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the uterine bleeding time was positively related to both the proportion of Th 1 and the ratio of Th1/Th2, while negatively related to the proportion of Th 2 subsets.Conclusion:Th1/Th2 shift was involved in URSA.Bushen Guchong decoction up-regulated the transcription level of GATA-3 and down-regulated the transcription level of T-bet.Thereby, Bushen Guchong decoction exerted the curative effect on URSA by revising Th 1/Th2 shift.

Objective:To explore whether there were changes in midbrain morphology related to motor function in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).Methods:The study was conducted on a subset of patients with CSVD registered at the Department of Neurology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2010 to 2018. All magnetic resonance imaging images were taken with a 3.0 T nuclear magnetic resonance imager. The measurement of anteroposterior diameter of the mesencephalon and the tegmentum of mesencephalon was performed on a personal computer with the image processing software RadiAnt DICOM Viewer. Several clinical manifestations of dyspraxia, dysphagia, dysarthria and dysuria were evaluated by interviewing the patient and family members living with the patient. Kinect depth camera combined with self-developed software platform was used to conduct quantitative evaluation of patients′ motor function. Three parameters, namely walking speed, walking time of three meters and time of standing up and sitting down, were selected from the obtained parameters. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 176 patients were included, aged 30-88 (64.16±11.57) years. One hundred and fifteen patients were males, accounting for 65.34%. In patients with CSVD, anteroposterior diameter of the mesencephalon and the tegmentum of mesencephalon were negatively correlated with age ( B=-0.032, P<0.001; B=-0.020, P=0.006). The anteroposterior diameter of the mesencephalon was negatively correlated with symptoms of dyskinesia ( OR=0.006, 95% CI 0-0.135, P=0.001), even when the age and gender were adjusted ( OR=0.014,95% CI 0-0.416, P=0.013). The anteroposterior diameter of the mesencephalon was negatively correlated with symptoms of dysuria ( OR=0.046,95% CI 0.002-0.936, P=0.045), but no longer correlated when the age and gender were adjusted. The anteroposterior diameter of tegmentum of mesencephalo was also negatively correlated with symptoms of dyskinesia ( OR=0.035,95% CI 0.002-0.684, P=0.027), but no longer correlated after adjusting for age and gender. Video recording and evaluation of motor function were performed on 87 patients. Spearman correlation analysis showed that none of the three motor function scores was correlated with age or gender. The anteroposteric diameter of the midbrain was positively correlated with walking speed ( r=0.231 ,P=0.040) and negatively correlated with walking time of three meters ( r=-0.304, P=0.005), but not with standing up and sitting down time, while the anteroposteric diameter of tegmentum of mesencephalo was not correlated with all of them. Conclusion:There are changes in mesencephalon morphology in patients with CSVD, structural parameters of mesencephalon are related to motor function and urination function, and mesencephalon atrophy may be an independent related factor for symptoms of dyskinesia in patients with CSVD.

OBJECTIVETo identify potential mutation responsible for synpolydactyly (SPD) in a large Chinese kindred and to offer genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for the members of the family.

METHODSAll family members were examined clinically, and blood samples were obtained for linkage analysis and mutation screening. Ultrasound examinations were conducted at 16-21 weeks. Amniotic fluid sample was obtained by ultrasound-guided amniocentesis at 18 weeks of gestation.

RESULTSA large kindred affected with SPD was identified and characterized. With two short tandem repeat (STR) markers (D2S1238 and D2S1245) flanking the HOXD13 gene, the disease was mapped to 2q31. A heterozygous 27 bp expansion within the imperfect GCN triplet-repeat of exon 1, c. 184_210dup, was identified. The mutation resulted in a gain of 9 alanine residues between the 14th and 15th alanine of the normal 15-amino-acid-long polyalanine tract. On ultrasound examination, all fingers and toes of the fetus appeared to be normal. Linkage analysis and mutation detection confirmed that the fetus did not inherit the mutant allele from his affected mother.

CONCLUSIONHOXD13 gene mutation was responsible for the SPD phenotype in this family. Accurate prenatal diagnosis of SPD was achieved with combined ultrasound and molecular analysis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Base Sequence ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Fingers ; abnormalities ; Genetic Linkage ; Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedigree ; Pregnancy ; Syndactyly ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Toes ; abnormalities ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; Young Adult