Objective To investigate the indoors air formaldehyde pollution in the human anatomy laboratory and its effects on students health. Methods AHMT method was used to determine the concentration of formaldehyde in the indoor air and to observe the students’ signs and symptoms in the near month. Results The level of formaldehyde in the air of human anatomy laboratory was higher than that of the control and was higher than national standard limit. The prevalence rate of eye symptoms(51.98%), nasal symptoms(58.91%), throat symptoms(48.02%), nausea and vomiting, psychiatric symptoms(68.32%) and cold liability (60.89%) in the exposed group was higher than those in the control group(P

Objective To evaluate the relationship between hyperuricemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) by observing the prevalence of NAFLD among healthy individuals with different levels of serum uric acid.Methods The data of 5 230 persons from medical centers for health examination were analyzed,such as height,weight,blood pressure,blood lipids,blood sugar, hepatitis-related markers, and abdominal color Doppler ultrasound examination were conducted in the fasting state.The diagnosis of NAFLD was made according to the diagnostic criteria adopted by China Institute of Liver Disease and Alcoholic Liver Disease Group.Results The incidences of overweight or obesity, hypertension,hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome were raised with serum uric acid greater than 333 μmol/L in male and＞233 μmol/L in female subjects(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). Excluding the metabolic syndrome in male subjects, the incidence of NAFLD was increased with serum uric acid,＞333 μmol/L in males or ＞233 μmol/L in females(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). In further studies with subjects without any metabolic syndrome, the detection rate of NAFLD was higher in males than in females at the same serum uric acid level(P＜0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, body mass index, blood glucose, and triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, uric acid grading were risk factors of NAFLD(OR 1.344, 2.500, 1.292, 1.279, 1.244, 1.256 respectively).Conclusion A high serum uric acid level is associated with an increased risk of NAFLD.

Even in secular societies, a small portion of patients find their spirituality to help cope with illness. But for the majority of patients, psychosocial and spiritual needs are neither addressed nor even considered a relevant factor by health care professionals. To measure such specific needs, the Spiritual Needs Questionnaire (SpNQ) was developed. The aim of this study was to validate the Chinese version of the SpNQ (SpNQ-Ch) and thus to measure psychosocial and spiritual needs of Chinese patients.

Genotypes of estrogen receptor gene (ER) α and β in 110 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and 100 control subjects were examined by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism.The haplotype analysis was conducted by SHEsis on-line computing platform.The results showed that there were no differences in the genotype frequencies and allele frequencies of ERα at Xba Ⅰ and Pvu Ⅱ enzyme cutting sites between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).There existed significant differences in the genotype frequencies and allele frequencies of ERβ at Rsa Ⅰ and Alu Ⅰ enzyme cutting sites between these two groups (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜0.01).The risk of NAFLD in postmenopausal women with R or a allele was 1.833 (95％ CI1.209-2.779,P＜0.05)or 1.782 (95％ CI 1.037-3.061,P＜0.05) fold of that with allele r or A.The frequency of r-A haplotype in ERβ was significantly lower in NAFLD group than that in control group (OR =0.529,95％ CI 0.348-0.805).Logistic regression analysis showed the relationship of fasting blood glucose,triglyceride,body mass index,diastolic pressure,Alu Ⅰ genotype with NAFLD (all P＜0.01).The risk of NAFLD in postmenopausal women with Aa/aa genotype was 1.345 (95％ CI 1.028-2.505,P＜0.05) folds of that with AA genotype.

Human osteoblast was treated with recombinant human connective tissue growth factor (rCTGF). This experiment showed that rCTGF increased membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase and matrix metalloproteinase-2 protein expression in a dose- and time-depentent manner in human osteoblasts. rCTGF induced activation of p38 MAPK in human osteoblasts. p38 MAPK inhibitor SB23058 abrogated the effect of rCTGF on the expressions of membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in human osteoblasts.

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human connective tissue growth factor (rCTGF) on the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and RANKL ( receptor activator of NF-κB ligand ) in human osteoblasts, as well as the mechanisms involved. Methods Human osteoblasts were treated with rCTGF. The expressions of OPG and RANKL were assessed by Western blotting. The expressions of focal adhesion kinase ( FAK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were also observed. Results rCTGF inhibited RANKL protein expression in a dose-and time-depentent manner in human osteoblasts, while the expression of OPG kept unchanged. rCTGF induced activation of p38MAPK and dephosphorylation of FAK in human osteoblasts, but had no effect on ERK and JNK phosphorylation. p38MAPK inhibitor SB23058 abrogated the inhibitory effect of rCTGF on RANKL in human osteoblasts. Conclusion rCTGF inhibits the expression of RANKL in human osteoblasts via activation of p38MAPK and dephosphorylation of FAK.

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human connective tissue growth factor (rCTGF) on the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in human osteoblasts. Methods Human osteoblasts were treated with rCTGF, cell proliferation was measured by [3 H] -thymidine ([3 H] -TdR) incorporation method,the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was determined using α-nitrophenyl phosphate as a substrate, the expression of type Ⅰ collagen was determined by Western blotting, osteocalcin in conditioned media was measured by radioimmune assay, and cell apoptosis was assayed by flow cytometry. Results rCTGF promoted proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblasts in a dose-depentent manner, rCTGF increased ALP activity, osteocalcin and type I collagen secretion in a dose-depentent manner, rCTGF inhibited human osteoblastic apoptosis induced by serum deprivation. Conclusion rCTGF can promote osteoblastic proliferation, and differentiation and protect osteoblast against apoptosis, suggesting that CTGF plays an essential role in bone metabolism.

Objective To investigate the relationship of smoking, the gene polymorphisms of heine oxygenase-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, and human β-defensin-1 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods A case-control study was held to compare the genotype frequency distribution of heine oxygenase-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, human β-defensin-1 by PCR -RFLP method and to analyze the relationship among them. Results The L allele gene frequency of heine oxygenase-1 was 23.44% in COPD group and 10.71% in control group with significant difference(P＜0.05). The heterogenesis gene frequency of tumor necrosis factor-α in COPD group and control group were 18. 24% and 7.53% (P＜0.01). The heterogenesis gene frequency of human β-defensin-1 was 14.28% in COPD group and 5.00% in control group with significant difference(P＜0. 01). Conclusions Smoking is a risk factor for COPD. Genetic polymorphisms of heme oxygenase-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, human β-defensin-1 are related with the development of COPD.

Objective To explore the role of miR-98 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in the pathogenesis and development of childhood asthma.Methods A total of 43 cases of asthmatic children and 30 cases of healthy controls were enrolled in the study.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated in both healthy subjects and asthmatic children in acute attack and remission stages.The expressions of miR-98 and interleukin-4(IL-4) and IL-13 mRNA were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.Results The miR-98 levels of asthmatic children in attack stage were significantly lower than those in remission stage and control group (P<0.01).The IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA levels of asthmatic children in attack stage were significantly higher than those in remission stage and control group (P<0.01).There was no significant difference of miR-98,IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA between asthmatic children in remission stage and the controls (P>0.05).Furthermore,a negative correlation was found between the expression of miR-98 and IL-5(r=-0.794,P<0.01) and between the expression of miR-98 and IL-13 mRNA (r=-0.804,P<0.01) in asthmatic children in attack stage.A positive correlation was also found between IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA in asthmatic children in attack stage (r=0.853,P<0.01).Conclusion The expression of miR-98 decreased in asthmatic children,and miR-98 might be involved in the pathogenesis and development of asthma.

Objective:To investigate the status of work performance among rural doctors in Shanxi province and the factors related to their performance.Methods:From July to September 2019, 528 rural doctors in Shanxi province were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling for the survey. Their job competency, job performance, psychological capital and burnout were evaluated. The structural equation model was used to construct the job performance analysis based on post competency.Results:The total score of post competency of rural doctors in Shanxi province was (188.6±20.3), and the total score of job performance was (71.3±11.5), both of which were in the middle level. The structural equation model was well fitted [goodness-of-fit index (GFI)=0.958, normal fix index (NFI)=0.920, adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI)=0.910, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.076]. Post competency, psychological capital and job burnout had direct effects on job performance ( P<0.05), with influence coefficients of 0.64, 0.35 and -0.25, respectively. Job competency indirectly affected job performance through psychological capital and job burnout ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The study suggest that higher post competency would facilitate to improve the work performance of rural doctors.