Objective:To improve orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat and conclude related operation skills.Methods:160 cases of orthotopic liver transplantation models in the rat were established by improved two-cuff technique.The anastomosis of portal vein between donor and recipient was performed by cuff technique.The same method was used to anastomose infrahepatic vena cava.The suprahepatic vena cava anastomosis was performed by suture and bile duct anastomosis was completed end to end by Teflon catheter.Results:The average time of donor operation,preparing graft and anhepatic period was 46min,24min and 21min respectively.The anastomosis time of suprahepatic vena cava,portal vein,infrahepatic vena cava, and bile duct was 13min,3min,4min,and 3min respectively.Main reasons for death during operation were pneumothorax,anesthesia and bleeding,and the successful rate of operation was 92.5%.Infection,obstruction of biliary tract and graft failure were attributed to the main causes for mortality after operation.Conclusion:Making orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat requires professional microsurgical techniques and careful operation.The improved two-cuff technique possesses advantages of short anhepatic phase,high operative successful rate,and is an ideal method for establishing this animal model.

Objective:To study the expression of Toll like receptor 4(TLR4) and MD-2 gene and protein in Kupffer cells and its role in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) on rat liver graft.Methods:The Kupffer cells were isolated at 0(control group),2,12,24h (IR group)following IR.The mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4 and MD-2 were detected by RT-PCR and flow cytometry (FCM),respectively.The TNF-? level in supernatant was measured by ELISA.Then the isolated KCs were incubated with anti-TLR4 polyclonal antibody (anti-TLR4 group),and the TNF-? level were measured again.Results: The mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4/MD-2 and the level of TNF-? in IR group increased significantly following IR compared with those in control group( P

Objective To investigate the role of antigen-specific regulatory T cells in spontaneous diabetes of NOD mice. Methods Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-peptide specific T cells with fluorescein-labelled Class Ⅱ MHC tetramers were isolated by flow cytometer from NOD mice with spontaneous diabetes and diabetes resistant BALB/c mice. The cytokine profiles of these T cells were detected by antigen stimulated assay, ELISA and intracellular cytokine staining. Adoptively transferred diabetes was determined by intravenously injecting these T cells to NOD/scid mice. Results With different peptides working on the same strain, it showed that NOD mice-derived T cells secreted different amounts of interforn-? but comparable interlenkin (IL)-4 or IL-10, however, similar cytokine profiles were shown in BALB/c mice-derived T cells. With the same peptide working on different strains, NOD mice-derived T cells secreted less IL-2 but more IL-4 and IL-10 than BALB/c mice-derived T cells did. Interestingly, these NOD mice-derived T cells effectively inhibited diabetes development in adoptively transferred NOD/scid mice. Conclusion NOD mice-derived T cells inhibit development of diabetes, however, different cytokine profiles are expressed by these T cells induced by two adjacent GAD peptides. It suggests that these T cells are diabetes-inhibiting regulatory T cells displaying unique cytokine profiles.

Telemedicine is a combination of modern computer technology, communication technology and medical technology. It has a promising application potential. This paper mainly overviews the history of telemedicine, especially the development of wireless telemedicine. With the classification and comparison, the opinion on the future of wireless telemedicine is given according to the author's research work. Portable telemedicine system is the trend of telemedicine.

Intestinal trefoil factor(IFF) is a low molecular weight polypeptide expressed in intestine.With the research on its structure and physiological function,ITF is beginning to attract attention.This review is mainly about the structure,localization,function,mechanism of action,expression regulation,signal transduction pathway,recombinant expression and so on.

Curcumin is a principal polyphenolic curcuminoid extracted from turmeric rhizome, which has been used for treating inflammation of joints, ulcers, jaundice and other disorders in Asian traditional medicine. In recent years, many studies have indicated that curcumin plays important roles in treatment of liver diseases. Curcumin attenuates liver injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by lowering the release of inflammation cytokines, minimizing oxidative stress, enhancing the sensitivity of insulin and altering lipid metabolism. Curcumin shows potent anti-fibrosis activity, contributing to inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cells and reduce the deposition of extracellular matrix by its regulation of PPAR-γ, NF-ΚB and TGF-β signaling pathways. Moreover, curcumin exhibits anti-cancer effect by inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several hepatoma cell lines. However, poor water solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin limit its clinical applications. To overcome its limited systemic bioavailability, many new approaches have been explored to deliver curcumin effectively. This article focuses on advances in the effects of curcumin and its derivatives for treatment of liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinoma.

One case of Klinefelter syndrome with complicated 46,XY/47,XXY/48,XXXXY and metabolic syndrome was reported.

Curcumin is a principal polyphenolic curcuminoid extracted from turmeric rhizome, which has been used for treating inflammation of joints, ulcers, jaundice and other disorders in Asian traditional medicine. In recent years, many studies have indicated that curcumin plays important roles in treatment of liver diseases. Curcumin attenuates liver injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by lowering the release of inflammation cytokines, minimizing oxidative stress, enhancing the sensitivity of insulin and altering lipid metabolism. Curcumin shows potent anti-fibrosis activity, contributing to inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cells and reduce the deposition of extracellular matrix by its regulation of PPAR-γ, NF-ΚB and TGF-β signaling pathways. Moreover, curcumin exhibits anti-cancer effect by inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several hepatoma cell lines. However, poor water solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin limit its clinical applications. To overcome its limited systemic bioavailability, many new approaches have been explored to deliver curcumin effectively. This article focuses on advances in the effects of curcumin and its derivatives for treatment of liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinoma.
Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Hepatic Stellate Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Liver Diseases ; drug therapy ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; PPAR gamma ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism

[ABSTRACT]AIM:Toinvestigatetheeffectofhypoxiacombinedwithexercisetrainingonmitochondrialcon-tent, and the role of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy in this process .METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normoxia control (NC) group, normoxia+training (NT) group, hypoxia+control (HC) group, and hypoxia+training (HT) group.The hypoxic animals were housed in normobaric hypoxic tent (11.3 % oxy-gen) for consecutive 4 weeks.The exercise training animals were exercised on a motor-driven rodent treadmill (5°) at a speed of 15 m/min, 60 min/d, 5 d/week for 4 weeks.Mitochondrial membrane potential was determined using JC-1 fluo-rescent probe .ATP synthesis capacity was determined using a bioluminescence technique .The protein expression of cyto-chrome C oxidase IV (COXIV), voltage-dependent anion channel-1 (VDAC-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma cofactor 1 alpha (PGC-1α), mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam),Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19 kD-interacting protein 3 (Bnip3) and beclin-1 in the muscles was detected by Western blotting .RESULTS:Compared with NC group, hypoxia attenuated mitochondrial membrane potential , ATP synthesis capacity , and the expression of COXIV , VDAC-1, PGC-1αand Tfam.Furthermore, hypoxia increased the expression of Bnip 3 and beclin-1.Compared with HC group , the exercise training elevated mitochondrial membrane potential , ATP synthesis capacity , and the expression of COXIV , VDAC-1, PGC-1α, Tfam, Bnip3 and beclin-1.CONCLUSION:A combination of reduced mitochondrial biogenesis and increased mitophagy seems to be responsible for the decrease in mitochondrial content after hypoxia .Exercise training with hypoxia elevates mitochondrial content and function in hypoxia , which may be mediated by appropriate increase and co-reg-ulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy .

Objective To explore the optimal semi-quantitative uptake ratio for differentiation between benign and malignant lung lesions with 18F-FDG coincidence imaging.Methods One hundred and thirty-seven patients (89 males,48 females,age range:33-78 years) with lung diseases underwent 18 FFDG coincidence imaging.The maximum radioactivity counts of the lung lesions (T),normal chest wall soft tissues (NT1) and the contralateral lung tissue (NT2) were measured.The ratios of R1 (T/NT1) and R2(T/NT2) were calculated.The optimal threshold values of R1(cutoff)and R2(cutoff) were identified by ROC curve analysis.Using the optimal threshold,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were calculated.Results The optimal threshold values R1(cutoff)and R2(cutoff) were identified as 3.58 and 4.40.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were 90.0％(90/100),89.2％(33/37),89.8％(123/137) according to R1(cutoff) and 90.0％ (90/100),78.4％(29/37),86.9％(119/137) according to R2(cutoff) Conclusion Based on which the chest wall soft tissue is taken as a reference point,the optimal threshold value of T/NT1 is 3.58 in differentiation between benign and malignant lung lesions with 18F-FDG coincidence imaging.