Graduate education is the maln approach to cultivate advanced medical talents. However, the current clinical research ability tralning for postgraduate students is poor. This article discusses about four possible reasons: the misunderstanding of the medical research, system defects of the endowment of scientific research fund, drawbacks of evaluation criteria, and deficiency of grad-uate student curriculum. In order to improve the clinical research ability of medical graduates, this article also discusses the possible solutions: clarifying the understanding, strengthening policy support, im-proving the evaluation methods, and perfecting the tralning course of the clinical medical research.

Objective To study the inhibitory effects of modification c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) on the growth of renal carcinoma cell line (GRC-1) and cell cycle. Methods We transfected c-myc antisense oligodeoxynucleeride in renal carcinoma cell line to investigate the effect of c-myc ASODN on it. Results ① By MTT assay,we found that the c-myc ASODN significantly inhibited the growth of carcinoma cell, compared with sense and mismatch ODN. The growth-inhibition rate of 12 ?mol?L -1 c-myc ASODN group of renal carcinoma cell was 47% at 48 hour, and the inhibitory effect increased with the increase of ASODN dosage and changed with ASODN time. ② The measurements by flow cytometry proved that ASODN mainly blocked the G 1 to S of the cycling of renal carcinoma cell. Conclusion c-myc ASODN can inhibit the growth of renal carcinoma cells with sequence specificity and cycling specificity.

Objective To explore the treat methods in severe head injury (SHI) with brain herniation.Methods 73 patients suffered from SHI with brain herniation, who were undertaken system therapy in every different phase of post-trauma, were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 17 patients died and 14 patients was GOS Ⅴ grade.Conclusion The systematic therapy in every different phase can enhance the synthetic therapeutic level of SHI and reduce the mortality and elevate the quality of life.

Adult ; Female ; Granular Cell Tumor ; Humans ; Nasal Septum ; pathology ; Nose Neoplasms

Purpose To investigate the diagnostic value of high-resolution CT reconstruction techniques on the same slice in hypertrophy of transverse process of the fifth lumbar vertebra (HTPL5V), and to provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Materials and Methods Twenty-two cases of clinically diagnosed HTPL5V and 20 normal adults were examined with GE LightSpeed 16-slice spiral CT (36 cases) and Philips iCT 256-slice (6 cases). L5 transverse process and the fifth lumber nerve were reconstructed and observed on the workstations. Results In 22 cases of HTPL5V, there were 26 pseudarthrosis formation and 2 sides with L5 transverse process touching the sacral ala. In 28 sides the iffth lumber nerve traveled through false foramina of the HTPL5V including 6 cases of bilateral compression and 16 cases of unilateral compression. In 21 cases, the nerve was compressed by hyperosteogeny on 27 sides (96.4%) and 1 side due to stenosis (3.6%). On 25 sides (89.3%) the compressed nerves were curved in shaper. There was bulging and/or herniated lumbar disc on 9 sides in 7 cases (32.1%). Conclusion High-resolution CT reconstruction techniques can demonstrate the iffth lumbar nerve of HTPL5V and provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To observe the efficacy of multifactor intensive nursing intervention on chronic heart failure patients with outside hospital treatment,including self-management ability and related clinical indicators.Methods By application of prospective study,a total of 215 patients with chronic heart failure discharged from hospital were randomized into the usual care group (105 cases) and the intensive nursing intervention group (1 10 cases).Patients were followed up for 12 months,and 205 patients completed the follow-up.The usual care group only received conventional outpatient follow-up,the intensive intervention group patients received telephone counseling,more detailed clinical follow-up and regular health education.The intervention effect was compared between two groups.Results Compared with the usual care group,the passing rate of sodium/water limit and daily monitoring of weight was higher in the intensive intervention group.Left ventricular ejection fraction and six-minute walking test were better in the intensive intervention group,while the level of NT-pro-BNP was lower in the intensive intervention group.Compared with the usual care group,re-hospitalization rate and incidence of cardiovascular events were lower in the intensive intervention group.Conclusions Multifactor intensive nursing intervention is helpful on improving self-management ability,alleviate cardiac function,reduce re-hospitalization rate and incidence of cardiovascular events for chronic heart failure patients.

Objective To study the effect and possible mechanism of diazoxide on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetic rats, and the influence of insulin intervention which aims to maintain blood sugar levels within the normal range on the protective function of cardiomyocytes. Methods 126 health male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intraperitoneally injected with one dose of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) to reproduce diabetic model. The diabetic rats were randomly divided into seven groups, with 18 rats in each group. Myocardial I/R model was established by 30 minutes ligation of the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery, and 120 minutes blood circulation recover. Sham group was only threaded without ligation. Rats in I/R group, diazoxide group (DZ group), and Ottawa vine penicillin (WNT) group were infused intravenously with 2 mL of 0.1% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), DZ (7 mg/kg), and WNT (15 μg/kg), respectively, after 25 minutes of ischemia. Sham group was only injected with 2 mL of 0.1% DMSO. DZ+WNT group was infused with WNT 5 minutes before the injection of DZ. Insulin intervention (RI) group received a continuous insulin infusion to maintain the blood sugar at the level of 4-6 mmol/L. RI+DZ group was infused with DZ after ischemia for 25 minutes based on blood sugar control. Hemodynamic parameters in each group were monitored continuously. The pathological changes of myocardium were observed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The expressions of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK-3β) were determined by Western Blot. Results Compared with sham group, the cardiac functions of the intervention groups were significantly decreased, and severe myocardial injury was observed. Compared with I/R group, the cardiac functions of intervention groups were not obviously improved. However, after insulin intervention by which blood sugar was maintained within normal range, the cardiac function and myocardial injury were further aggravated. Compared with sham group (the expression value of sham group was set as 1), the expressions of p-Akt in other groups including I/R group, DZ group, RI group, and RI+DZ group showed no statistically significant difference (gray value: 1.07±0.09, 1.03±0.07, 1.07±0.07, 1.02±0.08 vs. 1.00, all P > 0.05). However, the expressions of p-Akt were decreased in WNT group and DZ+WNT group as compared with those of sham group and I/R group (gray value: 0.54±0.06, 0.51±0.05 vs. 1.00 and 1.07±0.09, all P < 0.05). The expressions of p-GSK-3βshowed no statistically significant difference in I/R group, DZ group, WNT group, and DZ+WNT group as compared with sham group (gray value: 0.97±0.08, 1.00±0.11, 0.98±0.06, 0.97±0.09 vs. 1.00, all P > 0.05). However, the expression of pGSK-3β was increased in RI group, RI+DZ group as compared with sham group and I/R group (gray value: 1.68±0.08, 1.70±0.05 vs. 1.00 and 0.97±0.08, all P < 0.05), and it was significantly higher in RI+DZ group than that of DZ group (gray value: 1.70±0.05 vs. 1.00±0.11, P < 0.05). Conclusions Diazoxide after myocardial injury could not protect the myocardium from I/R injury in diabetic rats, and did not trigger the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. Insulin intervention by which blood sugar was maintaine d within the normal range exacerbates myocardial I/R injury in diabetic rats.

AIM:To study the chemical constituents of Fissistigma oldhamii(Hemsl.)Merr.METHODS:Silica gel column chromatography was used in the isolation procedure,the structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectral data.Meanwhile cytotoxic activity of compound Ⅰ was made according to the cell experiment in vitro.RESULTS:Five compounds were isolated from Radix of Fissistigma oldhamii(Hemsl.)Merr..On the basis of physical-chemical constants and spectral data(EI-MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR),these compounds were identified as:Aristolactam A Ⅱ(Ⅰ),Aristolactam B(Ⅱ),Physcion(Ⅲ),?-sitosterol(Ⅳ),Stigmastan-7-one(Ⅴ).Compound Ⅰ showed cytotoxic activities on GLC-82 and HL_ 60 cell strains.CONCLUSION:Compounds Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ are firstly isolated from Fissistigma oldhamii(Hemsl.)Merr..The IC_ 50 of compound Ⅰ on GLC-82 and HL_ 60 cell strain are:234.45,101.17 ?M.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of clarithromycin on prostatitis induced by NG,CT and U?U.METHODS:56cases of venereal disease-related prostatitis were treated with oral clarithromycin in combination with prostatic massage and hip bath.7days after withdrawing drug,examination of prostatic secretion(EPS)and detection of pathogens were carried out.RESULTS:Total effective rate was82.1%;negative turn rate was92.9%;87.5%EPS routine came back to normal;no obvious ARDs were found.CONCLUSION:Clarithromycin is high in therapeutic effect,slight in ad?verse reactions and convenient in administration.It is suitable for treatment of venereal disease-related prostatitis.

Objective To investigate the effect of RNA interference plasmids of cysteine-rich 61(Cyr61) on hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) in rats.Methods The plasmids containing the short hairpin RNA (shRNA) of Cyr61 were constructed.Expression of Cyr61 mRNA and protein were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting.The hyperplasia of VSMC was assessed by MTT.DNA synthesis was measured by incorporating ~3H-TDR.Plasmid construction was confirmed by DNA sequencing.Results PCyr61-shRNA transfection significantly decreased the level of mRNA and protein of Cyr61 in VSMC.The cell number,optical density and concentration of DNA in pCyr61-shRNA group were significant decreased(P