In autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (AITP) specific autoantibodies bind platelet GP via their Fab fragments. Both splenic CD5+ B and CD5- B cells produce platelet glycoprotein-specific antibodies. There is limited number of antigenic determinants, and the GP-specific autoantibodies are derived from a restricted number of B-cell clones in chronic AITP. Blocking co-stimulatory signals could induce platelet-specific T cell anergy. MMF could be used as a second line agent for the treatment of steroid-resistant AITP. Detection of plasma thrombopoietin levels play an important role in the differentiation of thrombocytopenic states caused by platelet destruction or due to bone marrow hypoplasia. Endogenous TPO level is also important on the differential diagnosis of ET and RT. Quinine- or heparin-dependent antibodies could induce thrombocytopenia. PCR-SSP is useful for the genotyping of the platelet-specific alloantigen HPA. Biotinylated platelets have an impaired response to agonists as evidenced by in vitro platelet aggregation tests.
Antigens, Human Platelet ; immunology ; Blood Platelets ; immunology ; Heparin ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins ; immunology ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; etiology ; immunology ; Thrombopoietin ; blood

Adult ; Humans ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; diagnosis ; therapy

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin D ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; classification ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; Dry Socket ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Mandible ; Molar, Third ; microbiology ; surgery ; Surgical Wound Infection ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Tooth Extraction ; adverse effects ; Tooth, Impacted ; microbiology ; surgery

Objective To explore the information on the clinical features of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) prevalent recently. Methods We collected and analyzed clinical date from the 85 inpatients suffered from SARS in Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou. Results The patients ranged from 4 to 87 years old (mean age 38.2?16.7 years). The incubation period ranged form 2 to 16 days (mean periods 7.4? 3.8 days). The most common symptoms included fever (in 97.8 percent of the patients), cough (81.2%), malaise (74.1%), headache (63.5%), myalgia (41.2%). Peripheral vein blood test showed normal leukocytes and leukopenia in 82.4 percent of the patients. Other common findings were lymphopenia (in 27.1 percent of the patients), elevated alanine aminotransferase (44.7%), elevated aspartate aminotransferase (57.6%), elevated lactase dehydrogenase (49.4%) and elevated creatinine kinase (20.0%). Chest radiographs predominately showed air-space shadowing, such as ground-glass opacities, focal consolidation or patchy consolidation. The air-space shadowing was mostly in the lower lung zones (in 88.3 percent of the patients, bilateral and unilateral for 51.8% and 36.5% respectively). The mean period of complete resolution of the air-space shadowing was 20.3?8.4 days and 13.1?6.9 days after onset of illness and absent fever respectively. Empirical therapy most commonly included ribavirin, antibiotics. Conclusions SARS appears to be infectious. Fever followed by rapidly progressive respiratory compromise is the key complex of signs and symptoms from which the syndrome derives its name.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of aricept in treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease(AD).Methods 188 patients with AD were followed up in a multicentre,with randomized study for 12 weeks. 89 patients had a single -blind,placebo-controlled trial and 99 a self-matched trial.Results The results of randomized single-blind,placebo-controlled trial showed that the improvements in MMSE、CDR and ADL were statistically significantly greater with aricept 5 mg/d than with placebo(P value respectively 0.05).Conclusion Aricept is effective in treating patients with mild to moderate AD. It could produce improvements in cognition and ability of daily life. Aricept was well tolerated and safe.

Objective To investigate the proportion and the clinical significance of status of different hepatitis B virus(HBV) serological markers in HBV related chronic liver disease(CLD),including chronic hepatitis B(CHB),liver cirrhosis(LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The related clinical data of 2 482 inpatients during the period of January 2006 to December 2007 were collected and analyzed statistically.Results In 1 226 patients with CHB,64.4% of them were hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-positive,and 35.6% of them were HBeAg-negative.In 362 patients with LC,27.1% of them HBeAg-positive,66.0% HBeAg-negative,6.9% HBsAg-negative,and in 894 patients with HCC,16.4% were HBeAg-positive,75.1% HBeAg-negative and 8.5% HBsAg-negative.In every disease entity of CLD,the sex ratio for serological markers was similar,though the ratio of male-to-female in the patients with HCC(8.8∶1) was significantly higher than that of LC(4.5∶1) and CHB(4.4∶1),respectively.The age of HBeAg-negative patients with CHB was significantly older than that of HBeAg-positive patients with CHB.The average age of patients with different status of serological markers in LC or HCC was similar.No statistical difference was found in ALT levels between the HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients with CHB.However,the proportion of low ALT levels became higher in the patients with LC or with HCC when HBeAg positive turned to be HBeAg-negative then to HBsAg-negative.Conclusions The proportion and the clinical significance of changes in serological markers are different in three different entities of CLD.

Chinese teas of different trade names obtained from the Shanghai market were analyzed for vitamin contents. The carotene contents as reported previously showed a variation of over 8 folds. The vitamin B2 contents among 16 varieties of teas studied showed a variation from the maximal value of 3.48 mg% to a minimal value of 1.03 mg%, a difference of over 3 times; while the nicotinic acid contents of 15 varieties varied from a maximal value of 9.1 mg% to a minimal value of 6.5 mg%, a difference of only 50%. The vitamin C content of 22 varieties studied showed a maximal value of 105.6 mg% and a minimal value of 18.3 mg%, a difference of about 6 times. Green tea in general had higher vitamin C content than black tea. The moisture content of teas studied averaged 11.5%.Using the usual method of making tea, the watery portion contained vitamin B2 equivalent to 52-100% (averaged 80%) of the original content in teas and vitamin C equivalent to 53-100% (averaged 79%) according to the kinds of tea analyzed.

Objective To test the hypothesis that attachment of synovial cell to &?2-microglobulin modified with advanced glycation end products (ACE-?2m) would affect cell adhesion, spreading and proliferation.Methods Normal human synovial cells (type B cells) were isolated and plated in culture dishes coated with AGE-?2m or with normal extracellular matrix proteins (EMP). Adhesion was analyzed by counting the isotope-labelled cells. Spreading was tested using a light microscope and proliferation determined by 3H-TdR incorporation and counting the number of cells. Results Synovial cells adhered less effectively to AGE-?2m, ?2m and AGE-collagen than to the normal EMP (collagen and fibronectin). Cells interacting with AGE-?2m, ?2m or AGE-collagen also demonstrated less extensive spreading throughout the examined time intervals (60-120 minutes after plating), and decreased 3H-TdR incorporation and cell numbers after 72 hours of plating when compared to cells interacting with normal EMP. Conchusion AGE-?2m in amyloid may alter synovial cell behavior in situ in ways which cods contribute to the development of dialysis-related amyloidodsis(DRA).

To elucidate whether the mutations in X region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) might be responsible for the different clinical profiles in cases positive for antibody to hepatitis B e antigen. The nucleotide sequences of X gene regions in serum HBV were examined in 14 asymptomatic carriers (AsC) and 14 chronic active hepatitis (CAH) patients with antibody to hepatitis e antigen. The results showed that 12 of 14 AsCs (85.7%) had insertions, deletions or point mutations in nucleotide sequence of X region resulting in truncation of the X protein by creating frame shift mutation or a new stop codon, whereas no patient with CAH had those X gene mutations( P