0.05) re spectively.Conclusion:E-Q system is rapid, simple and effective in root canal therapy.

Objective To evaluate the value of color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) in diagnosis of choroidal melanoma.Methods A comparative analysis was carried retrospectively on sonograms,pathological and clinical data of 13 choroidal melanoma cases,confirmed by pathology and operation.Results The pre-operative diagnosing rate of choroidal malignant melanoma by CDFI in the study was 100%.The sonogram features were divided into three types: hemispherical type,mushroom type and diffusive type.Conclusions Characters of blood flow signal of intraocular occupying lesions were valuable to distinguish choroidal malignant melanoma from other diseases.

Objective To establish Walker-256 transplantation tumor model in SD Rats.To study of R2 * signal changes on murine Walker-256 tumor after inhaling Carbogen by blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD)-MR,and to explore the feasibility of BOLD-MRI on detecting tumor hypoxia.Methods Walker-256 tumor cell implanted subcutaneously in right lower abdomen of 95 female SD rats.MR was performed on the tumor-forming rats when the maximum diameter of tumor reached 1-3 cm,using a 3.0 T MR scanner equipped with a 3 inch animal surface coil BOLD-MRI was done by using a multiecho SPGR sequence during inhaling air and at 10 minute after inhaling Carbogen,respectively.All images were transferred to GE ADW 4.3 workstation,then a baseline R2* (R2 * a) and R2 * (R2 * b) after inhaling Carbogen of tumor was calculated using R2 Star analysis software and △R2 * was calculated through △R2 * =R2 * b-R2 * a,meanwhile the volume of tumor were calculated as well.The difference of R2 * signal preand post-inhaling of Carbogen was compared with a paired t test,Pearson correlation was calculated between R2 * a,△R2 * and the volume of tumor,respectively.The correlation between △R2 * and R2 * a was also assessed by Pearson correlation.Results Sixty-eight of ninety-five female SD rats formed the tumor (71.6％).The volume of tumor was from 352 to 13 173 mm3.Mean △R2* decreased significantly (-2.26 ±3.90) s-1 from (41.18 ±22.29) s-1 during breathing air to(38.91 ±21.35) s-1 10 min after inhaling Carbogen (t =4.01,P ＜ 0.01).△R2 * was inversely correlated with R2 * (r =-0.32,P ＜ 0.05).The △R2 * was well correlated with volume of tumor (r =0.35,P ＜ 0.05),but R2 * a was not correlated with volume of tumor(r =-0.03,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions BOLD-MRI can detect the R2 * signal change of murine Walker-256 tumor pre-and post-inhaling of Carbogen.The R2 * signal showed significant decrease after inhaling Carbogen,however,the individual variation was remarkable.

Objective:A study was conducted to observe and compare the efficacy and safety of endostar combined with peme-trexed in elderly patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Methods:Sixty advanced lung adenocarcinoma (ⅢB-Ⅳ) patients who never received any therapy were included. The patients were divided into two groups. One group comprised endostar treatment com-bined with pemetrexed (26 cases of males, 15 cases of females, and 11 cases of individuals aged 65 years old to 78 years old), and the other group comprised pemetrexed only (34 cases of males, 20 cases of female, and 14 cases of individuals aged 65 years old to 78 years old). The two groups were treated for 4 to 6 cycles, and evaluation of treatments was performed every two cycles. Results:The endostar group was re-treated for 80 cycles, and the average cycle was 3.1. The group without endostar was re-treated for 115 cycles. The short-term effects are as follows. The total effective rates (RRs) in the experimental and control groups were 23.1%and 14.7%, re-spectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The disease control rate (DCR) was not significantly different (P>0.05). For pleural effusion, RR and DCR were significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). In the experimental group, compared with PD, the microvessel density (MVD) in the DCR showed higher expression, and a statistically signif-icant difference (P=0.03) was observed. In the control group, compared with PD, the MVD in the DCR also showed higher expression, but no significant difference (P=0.73) was observed. The long-term effects were as follows: median progression-free survival (PFS), median survival, and side effects between the two groups were not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusion: Endostar combined with pemetrexed showed increase in total efficiency in elderly patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and malignant pleural effusion was controlled without increasing the toxicity of chemotherapy. MVD can be used as a predictor of Endostar application.

Objective To investigate the changes of telomerase activity after knocking down endogenous expression of T-STAR (testes-signal transduction and activator of RNA) gene in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 by antisense strategy. Methods The mRNA and protein expression of T-STAR gene were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, and the telomerase activity was measured by PCR-ELISA, after transfection of T-STAR antisense gene into A549 cells with lipofectamine. Sense pcDNA-STAR and blank pcDNA3.1 transfection served as control. Results The expression of T-STAR gene was significantly inhibited at mRNA and protein level, and the telomerase activity was significantly decreased. Conclusion The down-regulation of telomerase activity may result from inhibition of T-STAR gene expression in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.

Objective · To investigate the correlation between proportion of natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs) and liver injury in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Methods · Peripheral blood samples were collected from 65 patients with chronic HBV infection and 10 healthy volunteers (HCs group). Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of peripheral NK cells and DCs. The patient were divided into asymptomatic HBV carrier (AsCs) group, chronic hepatitis B in low or moderate grade (CHB-LM) group, and chronic severe hepatitis B (CSHB)group.The relationship of the proportion of NK cells, the proportion of DCs, and the ratio of NK/DC with the degree of liver injury was analyzed. Results · The proportion of peripheral NK cells was significantly lower in CHB-LM group (9.29%±1.20%) and CSHB group (3.60%±0.79%) than that in HCs group (14.77%±2.90%) and AsCs group (14.05%±2.32%) (P=0.000). And the proportion of peripheral DCs was significantly higher in CHB-LM group (4.10%±1.18%) than that in HCs (1.67%±0.31%), AsCs (2.05%±0.46%) and CSHB groups (2.08%±0.41%) (P=0.000). The ratio of NK/DC was decreased in CSHB and CHB-LM groups compared to that in HCs and AsCs groups (P=0.000). The correlation analysis indicated the proportion of NK cells was negatively correlated with the levels of ALT, AST, TB and DB (r=-0.50, r=-0.49, r=-0.53, r=-0.51, P=0.000 for all) in patients with chronic HBV infection. Conclusion · The proportion of peripheral NK cells and the ratio of NK/DC in patients with chronic hepatitis B were decreased. The decrease of the frequency of NK cells and the ratio of NK/DC were associated with liver injury in patients with chronic HBV infection.

Objective To investigate the effects of the sense and antisense testes-signal transduction and activator of RNA (T-STAR) gene on the colon cancer cell line HCT-116. Methods The sense and antisense T-STAR gene was stably transfected into HCT-116 cells with lipofectamine. The expression level of T-STAR in those cells was detected by Western blotting and the growth velocity and proliferation of those cells by cytokinetics. Results The growth velocity and proliferation decreased after transfection of the sense T-STAR gene, but increased after transfection of the antisense T-STAR gene. Conclusion T-STAR gene can inhibit the growth velocity and proliferation of HCT-116 cells.

Objective To observe the relationship of awake bispectral index (BISawake) and the postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Methods 100 patients aged 60~75 years with ASA status Ⅰ~Ⅱ, underwent elective lower abdominal surgery with intravenous anesthesia (propofol, remifentanyl and rocuronium). The BIS was adjusted in 40~60 during the surgery. Their cognitive function was assessed with the neuropsychological test battery commended by International study of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (ISPOCD). Results 8 patients withdrew for unwilling or serious complications. The BISawake was more than 65 in 68 patients (group A), and less than 65 in 24 patients (group B). The difference of the verbal learning immediate and delayed of Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised was more in the group B than in the group A. Conclusion Lower BISawake may be associated with the decline of postoperative cognitive function.

Objective To explore the change in EGF(epidermal growth factor)and EGFR(epidermal growth factor receptor)expression in recurrent aphthous ulcer. Methods The expression intensity and distribution of EGF and EGFR were examined with immunohistochemistry method in 8 cases of recurrent aphthous ulcer and 7 specimens of normal oral mucosa. Results In normal oral mucosa, immuno staining of EGF was mainly localized in basal layer cells and prickle layer cells. The expression intensity of EGF was higher in normal oral mucosa than that in aphthous ulcer ( P

UDP glucosyltransferase (UDPGT) catalyzes the synthesis of secondary metabolites and plant hormones to regulate plant growth and development, pathogen defense and environmental adaptability. In this study 18 members of the RcUDPGT gene family were cloned from Tibetan Rhodiola crenulata and analyzed using bioinformatics. The tissue-specific expression, abiotic stresses and plant hormones (abscisic acid, auxin, methyl jasmonate) induced expression patterns were identified by real-time quantitative PCR. The bait vector of RcUDPGT (JX228125.1) was constructed to select interacting proteins from an Arabidopsis yeast library. The results of the bioinformatics analysis revealed that RcUDPGT nucleotide sequences were about 1 400 bp and encoded 452-498 amino acids. In the primary protein sequences, C-terminal sequences were more conserved compared with N-terminal regions, which held a PSPG (plant secondary product glycosyltransferase) domain. In the tertiary structures, RcUDPGTs contained a UDP sugar donor recognition binding site. In addition, all genes had multiple phosphorylation sites. The results of qRT-PCR showed that RcUDPGTs genes were expressed in root, stem and leaf. The expression levels were regulated by low temperature/ultraviolet light and various plant hormones (ABA, IAA, MeJA), but the expression patterns were quite different among them. For example, RcUDPGT6, RcUDPGT11, and RcUDPGT17 had the highest expression in leaves and were induced by all three hormones, suggesting that the functions of these genes might be to respond to environmental changes. RcUDPGT9, RcUDPGT10, RcUDPGT14 were most abundantly expressed in roots and were significantly induced by ABA and MeJA hormones, indicating that these genes may be involved in the synthesis and accumulation of salidroside. Yeast two-hybrid results showed that RcUDPGT did not exhibit autoactivation and cell toxicity, and two significant interactional genes were identified, AtKCR1 (AT1G67730.1) and AtSNL4 (AT1G70060). The AtKCR1 gene encodes a β-ketoacyl reductase (KCR) involved in synthesis of very long chain fatty acids. The AtSNL4 gene encodes a homolog of the transcriptional repressor SIN3, which could participate in the ABA hormone signaling pathway and enhance the transcriptional repression of AP2/EREBP class factors in Arabidopsis. These results suggest that the accumulation of the secondary metabolite salidroside in Rhodiola crenulata might be affected by several regulatory mechanisms. The above results may lay the foundation for understanding the adaptive mechanism of Rhodiola crenulata in a high altitude environment and stimulate an in-depth study of the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites in this species.