OBJECTIVE: To compare the consistency of four olfactory psychophysical test methods. METHOD: Twenty out-patients were done with olfactory psychophysical test and the results were analyzed. The four olfactory psychophysical test methods include simple test method, UPSIT, Sniffin Sticks test and the T&T olfactometer test. RESULT: The consistency of four test methods reached 85%, and UPSIT test can identify pseudo smell obstacles. CONCLUSION There is reliable and stable outcome of the four psychophysical olfactory test methods.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Olfaction Disorders ; diagnosis ; Olfactometry ; methods ; Psychophysics ; Reference Values ; Smell ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of nasal cellulose powder for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. METHOD: Thirty-six cases of patients with allergic rhinitis were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, 18 cases in each group. The control group was treated with physiological sea water and the experimental group with nasal fibrous powder. In 14, 28 days after drug evaluation in patients objective and subjective symptoms and signs improved nasal function (nasal airway resistance, the sense of smell) was compared. RESULT: The experimental group and the control group of subjective symptoms and objective nasal function were improved, but the experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); Two groups of patients had no adverse reaction occurred. CONCLUSION The clinical curative effect of Nasal cellulose powder used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis is distinct, without adverse reactions, and is conducive to improving patient stuffy nose, nasal itching, sneezing and other symptoms and improve the patients quality of life, is worth clinical use.
Administration, Intranasal ; Cellulose ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) associated with radiofrequency ablation on chronic sinusitis. METHOD: Fifty-four patients with chronic sinusitis were divided randomly into two groups: the study group and the control group, The study group received FESS associated with inferior turbinate lateral fracture and radiofrequency ablation treatment, while the control group received FESS associated with inferior turbinate lateral fracture treatment. RESULT: The SNOT-20 score, Lund-Kennedy score, mucociliary clearance time and nasal airway resistance of the patients in the two groups after treatment were significantly improved than those before treatment (P < 0.05), and the sense of nasal congestion, headache and face pain, purulent rhinorrhea, postnasal drip, and other symptoms were also relieved. After treatment, the scores of SNOT-20 and the scores of Lund-Kennedy in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was found in mucociliary clearance time between the two groups after treatment. CONCLUSION FESS associated with radiofrequency ablation surgery is safe and effective for chronic sinusitis.
Catheter Ablation ; Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Mucociliary Clearance ; Rhinitis ; surgery ; Sinusitis ; surgery ; Turbinates ; surgery

Objective To determine whether or not the bacterial DNA which was detected by PCR comes from viable bacteria.Methods Observe the effection of middle ear effusion(MEE) on DNA viscosity and enzymatic digestion of DNA.Results The middle ear effusion and DNA are stable and DNase 1 rapidly digests DNA,The effusion does not seem to degrade DNA.The middle ear effusion signifcantly inhibits DNase 1.Conclusions Middle ear effusion provides an inhibition of the enzymatic digestion of purified DNA.Thus any DNA found in effusion by PCR techniques could well be fossilized remains and chronic otitis media with effusion may not be the bacterial infection that recent studies have suggested.

Objective:To study the distribution of allergens in our district and the correlation between skin prick test with antigen and nasal provoking test in patients with allergic rhinitis.Method:A total of 1 400 cases with allergic symptoms and signs underwent skin prick test with standardized aeroantigens provoking by AllergoPhamar Company. The patients allergic to Dermatophagoides with different scale of the skin prick test were taken nasal provoking test in order to evaluate the correlation between skin prick test and nasal provoking test.Result:One thousand and eighty-eight(78%) cases showed a positive result in skin prick test.The percent of patients with positive skin prick test were as follows: 462 cases of Dermatophagoides pleronyssinus, 428 cases of Dermatophagoides farinae. Positive perennial aeroantigens were 52.2%(568),positive seasonal aeroantigens were 35.7%(388). All the patients of the scale of skin prick test was +++ and ++++ were positive. There are 29 patients were positive with nasal provoking test which the scale of skin prick test was ++. There are 21 patients were positive with nasal provoking test,which the scale of skin prick test was +.Conclusion:The correlation between skin test with antigens and nasal provoking test in patients whose positive scale were +++ and ++++. There are false positive in the patients whose positive scale were + and ++. The specific immunotherapy should consider the scale of the skin prick test and eliminate the false positive before the therpy.

OBJECTIVE In order to explore the site of the nasal valve.METHODS The distribution of nasal airway resistance were studied in normal adults, and patients with chronic rhinitis,patients underwent partial inferior turbinectomy,patients with the deviation of nasal septum and the patients underwent correction of the nasal septum.RESULTS Before the nasal mucosa decongested,the site of the most effect on the NAR was located in pyriform fossa in normal adults. After the nasal mucosa decongested,the site of the most effect on the NAR was located in the ostium internum.The most significantly site which effect on the NAR were pyriform fossa and the ostium internum before and after operation in the patients who suffer from chronic rhinitis.The site of the most effect on the NAR was in the place of deviation of the nasal septum before operation and in the pyriform fossa after operation.CONCLUTION The result suggested that the site of the nasal valve is changeable and related to the condition of contraction and relaxation of the nasal mucosa and the extent of nasal patency.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of bupivacaine, lidocaine and saline injections in alleviating post tonsillectomy pain. METHOD: We recruited 60 patients into the study. All subjects were randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group 1 received 0.9% sodium chloride (saline group), group 2 received 0.25% bupivacaine (bupivacaine group) and group 3 received 2% lidocaine (lidocaine group), infiltrated around each tonsil. Pain was evaluated with McGrath's face scale. RESULT: The postoperative pain scores at 2 and 6 hours were similar among the groups (P>0.05). The pain scores in the bupivacaine group were lower than those in the saline group at 12 h (P<0.05). The pain scores in the bupivacaine and lidocaine groups were significantly lower than those in the saline group from 18 to 24 hours until day 7 (P<0.05). There was no difference between the bupivacaine and lidocaine groups (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION Local infiltration of bupivacaine is a relatively and safe effective method and is equivalent to use of lidocaine for post tonsillectomy pain.
Analgesia ; methods ; Bupivacaine ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Male ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative ; prevention & control ; Snoring ; surgery ; Tonsillectomy

Objective To investigate the correlation of expression of SLeX and p16 gene protein with the potential of invasion and metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC). Methods The expression of SLeX and p16 gene protein in 69 cases of PTC were studied by microwave-labelled strept-avidin biotin immunohistochemical method. Results The positive rates of SLeX and p16 in PTC were 69.6% and 58.0% respectively. The posi-tive rate of SLeX expression in the patients with tumor invasion and lymphatic metastasis was significantly higher than that without tumor invasion and lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05). But the positive rate of p16 expression in the patients with tumor invasion and lymphatic metastasis was significantly lower than that without tumor invasion and lymphatic metastasis (P <0. 05). There was a negative correlation between SLeX and p16 expression in PTC (P <0. 05). Conclusions Expression of SLeX and p16 protein were closely correlated with the invasive and metastasic potential in PTC. SLeX and p16 could be considered as prognostic indications for PTC.

Objective To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinases-7 (MMP-7) in benign and malignant thyroid tissues and its clinical significance. Methods The expression of MMP-7 in 50 thyroid cancers, 45 adenoma and 20 adjacent noncancerous portion tissues were studied by microwave-LSAB immunohistochemical method. Results The positive rate of MMP-7 in thyroid cancer was 64. 0%, which was significantly higher than 37. 0% in adenoma and 25.0% in adjacent noncancerous portion(X_2=8. 72,6. 52, P < 0.01 ). No correlation was observed between the expression of MMP-7 and histological grading of thyroid cancer. The expression of MMP-7 in lymph node metastasis and Grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ were both higher than that in negative cases and in Grade Ⅰ～Ⅱ ( P < 0. 05 ). The percentage of recurrence and death in MMP-7 positive cases were notably higher than that in negative cases( P <0. 05). Conclusion The expression of MMP-7 can be regarded as a parameter for evaluating the degree of malignancy, biological behavior and prognosis of thyroid cancer.

Objective To evaluate the value of the muhifunctional angle regulator with shields in skeletal fluorosis X-ray radiography.Methods Conventional radiography,regulator with shields and regulator for radiography were used to examine the forearms and shanks of 78 patients,and then the quality of the photos and the diagnostic results were compared.The dose rates on patients' foresides,sides,and bottoms of division 1 and 2 m were measured by pressure ionization instrument.Results Regulator with shields and regulator for radiography had a higher rate of good quality than conventional radiography by 39 %,and consequently the diagnostic accuracy rate were improved by 37%(X2 = 43.33,43.98 and 17.76,14.56,P < 0.01).By conventional radiography the average dose rates on forearms and shanks I and 2 m away from X-ray axis were 1198,934 and 1439,1175 μSv/h,respectively;while regulator with shields and single regulator were used,corresponding average dose rates were 80.6,39.4 and 95.6,59.5/JSv/h and 375.7,187 and 447,226.3 μSv/h,respectively.Conclusions Angle regulator with shields is effective devices to examine the forearms and shanks of the patients who are suffering from dysfunction of skeletal fluorosis.