Fish protein powder and fresh fish meal had been successfuly applied to infant feeding as milk substitute for infants during 1962-1964 by Shanghai Children's Hospital.On this basis the authors conducted another experiment intending to testify the therapeutic effect of fish protein powder in 1980-1981. One hundred and fifty infantile diarrhea cases were studied, wherein, 121 children aged under 12 months. By administering fish protein powder to the patients with various dosages according to ages, generally 5 gms. per day in a certain period, it was found that of the total diarrhea patients under study, 53.3% completely recovered, 22.0% became better significantly, 17.3% took a favourable turn, and 7.3% failed to respond to the treatment.Intensive observation and statistical analysis revealed that fish protein powder is not only suitable for normal infants as their milk supplement but also effective as a pharmaceutical to cure infantile diarrhea, especially for those who suffer from malnutrition with complications. Its pharmacology, however, has yet to be disclosed.

Objective To study the effect of nerve regeneration factor(NRF) on apoptosis of PC12 cells and its mechanism. Methods PC12 cells under the condition of low concentration serum(0^3% newborn bovine serum in RPMI 1640 medium) were treated with NRF or NGF(both are concentrations of 0^01*!mg/L,0^1*!mg/L,and 1*!mg/L).The changes in the number and outgrowth in cultured PC12 cells were observed under light microscope,and the surival and growth of cultured PC12 cells were measured by MTT.The percentage of apoptosis or necrosis cells and caspase-3 activity were both detected by FCM. Results There were no difference in these parameters between the group of NRF and NGF,whereas there were superior to that of the blank control group.Conclusion NRF can protect the cultured PC12 cells from apoptosis in low concentration serum.

Objective To study the expression and the distribution of Tropic 1808 gene expressional protein in the lesioned sciatic nerves of adult SD rats. Methods Both distal and proximal segments of 12 days cut-off sciatic nerves of SD rats were obtained.Then immunohistochemistry and dual fluorescent-immunohistochemistry were performed to observe the expression of Tropic 1808 gene expressional protein in the lesioned sciatic nerves.The positive intensity and area of immuno-response were detected by the image analyses system. Results The Schwann cells's membranes which in the distal and proximal of lesioned sciatic nerves appeared to have positive expression of Tropic 1808 gene expressional protein.The positive intensity and area of immuno-response in the distal end were denser and larger than those in the proximal.Conclusion Tropic1808 gene expressional protein expresses in the Schwann cell's membranes of the distal and the proximal after the peripheral nerves were injured.The positive expression in the distal was higher than that in the proximal.;

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system versus Hong Kong Liver Cancer (HKLC) staging system in predicting the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 436 previously untreated patients with HCC who were admitted to The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from July 2008 to July 2013, and the staging score was determined according to the HKLC and BCLC staging systems. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves, and the log-rank test was used to compare the cumulative survival rate between the patients with different HKLC or BCLC stages. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the likelihood ratios (LR χ2) of the two systems. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and C-index were used to analyze the discriminability and trend of the HKLC and BCLC staging systems. ResultsThere was a significant difference in survival rate between the patients with adjacent HKLC stages (all P＜0.05), and there was also a significant difference in survival rate between all patients with adjacent BCLC stages (all P＜0.001), except between those with stage 0 and stage A HCC. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that the HKLC system (LR χ2=131.14) had a better homogeneity than the BCLC system (LR χ2=100.69). The C-index of the BCLC and HKLC systems was 0.703 (95% confidence interval ［CI］: 0.675-0.731) and 0.720 (95% CI: 0.692-0.748), respectively, and there was a significant difference in C-index between the two systems (P＜0.001). There was a significant difference in the AUC of 1-year cumulative survival rate between the BCLC system and the HKLC system ［0.783 (95% CI: 0.745-0.821) vs 0.811 (95% CI: 0774-0849), P=0.026］. ConclusionBoth BCLC and HKLC staging systems have a good value in predicting the prognosis of HCC patients, but the HKLC staging system has a higher value than the BCLC staging system.

Abstract: Objective To investigate the occurrence of multidrug-resistance among tuberculosis patients in Hainan Province from 2014 to 2020 and to analyze the influencing factors, aiming to provide reference for formulating drug-resistant tuberculosis control strategies in this region. Methods This study collected sputum samples from the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from 2014 to 2020, and performed isolation and identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and drug susceptibility testing. After the strains were identified as positive, drug sensitivity tests were conducted, and multi-drug resistant patients were found. Clinical data was retrospectively collected, and chi-square test and unconditioned logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of multidrug resistance. Results A total of 2 672 patients underwent sputum culture, strain identification, and drug susceptibility testing in TB designated hospitals in Hainan Province from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020. Among them, 1 942 patients with available drug susceptibility test results and complete clinical data were enrolled, among which 398 cases with drug-resistant TB were included in the case group, and 1 544 cases without drug resistance were included in the control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that farmers, rural residence, treatment history of retreatment, irregular medication history, number of pulmonary cavities ≥3, and BMI<18.5 were independent risk factors for MDR-TB. The risk of MDR-TB in farmers was higher than that in non-farmers (OR=1.542, 95%CI: 1.150-2.020); patients living in rural areas had a higher risk of multidrug resistance than those living in urban areas (OR=1.445, 95%CI: 1.095-1.907); the risk of MDR in the retreatment patients was higher than that in the initial treatment patients (OR=5.616, 95%CI: 4.250-7.421); the risk of multi-drug resistance in patients with irregular medication was higher than that in patients with regular medication (OR=2.665, 95%CI: 2.012-3.531); the risk of multidrug resistance in patients with pulmonary cavity number ≥3 was higher than that in patients with pulmonary cavity number <3 (OR=5.040, 95%CI: 3.768-6.740); compared with patients with BMI<18.5, patients with BMI=18.5-24.0 and BMI≥24.0 had a lower risk of multidrug resistance (OR=0.735, 95%CI: 0.555-0.975 and OR=0.447，95%CI:0.225-0.888, respectively). Conclusions Retreatment, farmer occupation, rural residence, irregular medication and low BMI may be the risk factors for multidrug resistance in Hainan Province.

This paper is a follow-up study of 329 children in factory-run nurseries in urban Shanghai. The investigation lasted for a period of one year for each index-child, focusing on the conditions of nutrition, development and diseases of the children of various ages.Comparison between nutritionl findings and RDA of China disclosed that calorie intake of most of the index-child groups were 80-85% of RDA, the only exception being the 6-12 months group where the average calorie intake showed 90%. Protein intake of all groups was over 80% of RDA. Fe intake was lower than RDA, except for 18-month-old and over.Weight and height of the children were compared with the anthropo-metric data established in 1985 (1985 data) for Shanghai children under six years of age. It was found that the average weight and height appeared differently according to their age. Average weight of children under one year old was slightly higher than 1985 data, while average height was lower than 1985 data once the children reached 10 months old. Average weight, however, became lower than the 1985 data after the children were two years old. Over 60% of the index between 6-18 months old suffered from anemia (IDA).Accordingly, it is requested that calorie and iron intake should be supplemented.

A scientific appointment-driven outpatient service proves vital for the medical quality improvement initiative, and a key part of public hospital reform as well. The authors introduced the approaches taken by Northern Jiangsu People′s Hospital as follows. The hospital-wide appointment-drive service was coordinated in terms of top-level design, appointment items, appointment channels, supporting services, and monitoring regulations. This service could optimize the allocation of medical resources, enrich the connotation of appointment for registration, examination, bed, examination, operation and treatment. These efforts were expected to provide references for the implementation of overall management of the appointment-driven service of the hospital.

Objective To explore the status quo and influencing factors of caring efficacy of nursing undergraduate students so as to provide reference for improving their caring efficacy. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted. Totally 274 nursing undergraduate students from 10 general hospitals in Sichuan Province were surveyed by using general information questionnaire, professional model scale for nursing students, professional identity questionnaire for nursing students and caring efficacy scale. Results The average score of caring efficacy of undergraduate nursing students was (4.00 ±0.64), which was lower that of jurior nurse before training (4.55±0.34) and after training (4.98±0.27). The average score of career identity and professional model (3.63±0.68) were postively related with career effevtieness (all P＜0.001). The care from family, medical staffs, job-taking benefits and dimission risks, social comparison and self-reflection were the main factors influencing caring efficacy (P＜0.01), which explained 40.9％ of the varianceof caring efficacy among undergraduate nursing students. Conclusions Caring efficacy of the nursing students was above the middle level, but lower than that of clinical junior nurses. Their professional model and professional identity were positively correlated with caring efficacy. It is necessary to establish a good professional model, through example education, perfect career planning and improve the professional identity of nursing undergraduate students, so as to improve their caring efficacy of nursing students, and then improve the quality of nursing team reserves.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of allergic rhinitis (AR) in urban and rural areas of Ningbo and Yongzhou. METHOD: Fifteen fields in the two cities from October 2006 to June 2007 were randomly selected. Cases suspected with symptoms of AR by a self-administered and interview questionnaire were recommended to special examinations for confirmed diagnosis. RESULT: 1. A total of 9969 individuals from 3803 families were surveyed, of whom 303 suffered with AR. 2. The prevalence rate was 4.10% in Ningbo and 1.65% in Yongzhou (the sex-adjusted rate was 4.10% and 1.64% respectively, and the age-adjusted rate was 4.33% and 1.58%); the population of island inhabitants had the lowest prevalence rate of 0.73%. 3. The prevalence rate in patients with asthma and that with family genetic history was 8% and 12% respectively. CONCLUSION It demonstrates that the prevalence rate is higher in Ningbo than in Yongzhou, in urban than in rural and in adolescent than in other ages. Allergic rhinitis may be associated with asthma and related to genetic factors. Allergic rhinitis may be curable.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asthma ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; epidemiology ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ; epidemiology ; Rural Population ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the quality control of magnetic resonance enterography(MRE)in the diagnosis of intestine diseases,and analyze the factors that affected the imaging quality of MRE,and enhance the imaging quality of MRE through adopted the measures of quality control.Methods:The documents of MRE examinations of 167 patients with intestinal disease who admitted to the 900th Hospital of People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force from May 2018 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The image qualities of all patients were evaluated after they completed clinical and image examinations.The reasons that image quality could not meet the requirement of diagnosis were analyzed.And then,the measures of quality control were proposed.Results:In 167 patients with intestinal disease,the MRE images of 153 patients(91.62%)could meet the requirement of diagnosis.In 14 patients(8.38%)whose MRE images could not meet the requirement of diagnosis,the reason of 3 cases(1.80%)was poor respiratory coordination,and that of 2 cases(1.20%)was there were more severe magnetic sensitive artifacts in images,and that of 1 case(0.60%)was severe intestinal peristalsis leaded to blurred images,and that of 2 cases(1.20%)was the flow void effect from intestinal peristalsis inside of intestinal cavity could not meet the requirement of diagnosis,and that of 4 cases(2.40%)was the intestinal tube without incomplete dilation caused by poor oral filling contrast agent,and that of 2 cases(1.20%)was many residues in intestine due to poor preparation for intestine.Aimed at the factors that MRE images could not meet requirement of diagnosis,we proposed the following quality control measures:①the biphasic contrast agents with favorable safety,without severe adverse reactions,which can fully dilate intestinal cavity,should be selected.②we should do well for the dilation of intestinal tube,and inhibit the intestinal peristalsis and conduct respiratory training.③we should conduct scan with wide field at coronal site,so as to display panorama image of intestine.④The scans of conventionally anatomical sequence and functional imaging sequence on axis position were performed on lesions.Conclusion:MRE technique should choose appropriate contrast agent in the quality control of the diagnosis of intestine diseases,and do well the preparation for patients before examination.Using intraluminal contrast agents,conducting intestinal dilation and optimal imaging technique are essential for obtaining intestinal MRE images with high quality.