OBJECTIVE To study the disinfectant resistance of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated clinically,and to find out the efficacy of disinfectants commonly used in killing multi-drug resistant E.coli strains.METHODS Minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) and suspension quantitative germicidal test were used.Compared with standard strains,strains of multi-drug resistant E.coli isolated clinically were determined the resistance to four kinds of disinfectants including benzalkonium bromide etc.RESULTS A higher MIC of benzalkonium bromide compared with standard strains was observed in 61.9% of all 21 multi-drug resistant E.coli strains,and as for povidone iodine and NaClO,the ratio was 71.4% and 14.3%,respectively.All multi-drug resistant E.coli strains had the same MICs of peroxyacetic acid with standard strains.The above-mentioned 4 disinfectants commonly used at the routine concentrations killed 100% of the resistant strains of E.coli within 5 minutes.CONCLUSIONS The resistance to benzalkonium bromide and povidone iodine of multi-drug resistant E.coli isolated clinically is higher than standard strains;and 4 kinds of disinfectants commonly used are effective for multi-drug resistant E.coli strains isolated clinically.

From the status quo of medical and health services in rural areas,there exist the following problems:the insufficient number of clinicians,low quality of clinicians,the imbalance of the professional ranks and titles,and aging.Based on investigation and analysis of the rural community health technicians of Huzhou City,Zhejiang Province,the author put forward the new countermeasures of orientation training clinicians in rural communities according to the rural communities residents new demand for medical and health services.

Alzheimer′s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with insidious onset and progressive development, with high disability and mortality rate. At present, there is no effective therapeutic drug. With the acceleration of population aging in China, AD poses a serious threat to public health system and social economy. Recent studies have found that the glycolysis disorder of astrocytes is involved in the progress of AD, which is closely related to the cognitive impairment of AD. The relationship between glycolytic metabolism of astrocytes and cognitive function was reviewed, and the relationship between glycolytic damage of astrocytes and cognitive impairment of AD and its mechanism were elaborated in detail, in order to provide reference for further understanding the new mechanism of cognitive impairment of AD and formulating clinical prevention and treatment strategies for AD.

Objective:To explore the current research status and development trend of burn nursing in China so as to provide a reference for improving nursing quality for burn patients.Methods:Retrieve the burn nursing related literatures included in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Database. The search period was from January 1, 2009 to September 30, 2019, and the retrieval time was October 5, 2019. CiteSpace information visualization software and bibliometrics methods were used to analyze knowledge maps of keywords, institutions, and authors in burn nursing literatures.Results:A total of 3 611 literatures were screened. From 2009 to 2018, domestic research literatures of burn nursing presented a stable trend on the whole. The year with the largest number of articles was 2012 with 343 articles, the least was 2015 with 270 articles, and the number of articles in most years was 270 to 330. The author with the highest volume of articles published a total of 16 articles and 22 institutions published more than or equal to 10 articles. From January 2009 to September 2019, high-frequency keywords in the field of burn nursing appeared in the following order: large-area burn, severe burn, psychological care, pediatric burn, nursing intervention, quality of life, rehabilitation nursing, inhalation injury, health education, first aid, complications, head and face burn.Conclusions:The published year, literature quantities, authors and research institutions present a scattered and unbalanced distribution, and the quality of life of burn patients has gradually developed into a research hotspot. However, there is little scientific research cooperation between the authors and institutions. It is suggested that scholars and institutions strengthen collaboration between regions and teams so as to promote the development of burn nursing research and improve the quality of burn nursing.

OBJECTIVETo study the role of connexin gene (Cx43) in the suppression of C6 glioma.

METHODSCx43 gene depleted parental C6 rats (control group) and C6 cells transfected with Cx43 cDNA (transfection group) were implanted into the right caudate nucleus of SD rats. Rats bearing cerebral C6 gliomas were treated with Cx43 cDNA (treatment group) with another group treated with empty vector (empty vector group) serving as control. The general manifestation, survival time, MRI dynamic scanning and histopathological changes in all rats were observed. Cx43 mRNA and its protein were examined by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Proliferation activity was monitored by the average number of AgNOR stain. Cell apoptosis was examined by the Tolt-mediated x-duTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method.

RESULTSAll rats in the control and empty vector groups died of cerebral glioma within 3 weeks after implantation of C6 cells. Six in the transfection group and 8 in the treatment group were alive beyond 120 days with complete disappearance of the tumor foci, except one in this group having some residue of tumor. In the glioma of transfection and treatment groups, Cx43 gene expression was up-regulated, proliferation activity reduced while the apoptotic cells did not increase.

CONCLUSIONThe development of glioma is greatly suppressed by the transfection of Cx43 gene, which has great effectiveness in rats bearing cerebral malignant gliomas. This could become a target of choice in the gene treatment of malignant gliomas.

Animals ; Brain Neoplasms ; mortality ; therapy ; Connexin 43 ; genetics ; therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Genetic Therapy ; Glioma ; mortality ; therapy ; Male ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the gene expression profiles of oligodendrogliomas with gene cDNA array.

METHODS(32)P tagged cDNA probes converted from the total RNA, which had been extracted from 2 fresh samples of oligodendroglioma and 1 of normal brain tissue, were hybridized with the Atlas array. After washing the membranes, the autoradiography was performed and the autoradiograms were analyzed through the special software.

RESULTSAs compared to the normal brain tissue, there were 63 co-upregulated genes and 4 co-downregulated genes in these 2 tumor samples. However, a significant quantitative difference existed between them. The expression trend of some genes differed from the known information.

CONCLUSIONcDNA array is effective for studying the gene expression profiles of oligodendrogliomas and provides new information for the further research on their molecular mechanisms.

Brain Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Oligodendroglioma ; genetics ; pathology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To evaluate the value of MRI texture analysis based on gray level co-occurrence matrix to predict cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with tongue carcinoma. Methods A total of 70 patients with tongue carcinoma confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis group (unilateral LN+, n=18;bilateral LN+,n=22) and no cervical lymph node metastasis(LN-,n=30). T1W, T2W and contrast-enhanced T1W images of the largest section of tumor were selected. ROI of the lesion was manually drew and GLCM texture parameters (energy, contrast, correlation, inverse difference and entropy) were extracted. The tumor length, thickness and para-lingual distance between tumor and tongue midline were also measured.Differences of all parameters were compared between LN+ group and LN- group, unilateral and bilateral cervical lymph node metastasis group, the parameters with statistically significant difference in predicting the efficiency of cervical lymph node metastasis were analyzed. The diagnostic efficiency of lymph node metastasis was calculated. Results The correlation, inverse difference and entropy based on T2WI showed significant difference (Zcor elation=2.97, tinverse dif erence=5.14, tentropy=2.41; P<0.05), entropy showed the best diagnostic efficiency, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.90, the cut off value was 7.19, the sensitivity was 80.0％, specificity was 86.7％. Only entropy showed significant difference between unilateral LN+group and bilateral LN+group (P<0.05), the AUC was 0.82, the cut off value was 7.47, the sensitivity was 90.9％, specificity was 78.8％. The index of tumor length, thickness and para-lingual distance between tumor and tongue midline all showed significant difference between LN+group and LN-group (P<0.05), the thickness showed the best diagnostic efficiency, the AUC value was 0.81, the cut off value was 11.19, the sensitivity was 78.0％, specificity was 81.7％. The index of tumor length, thickness and para-lingual distance between tumor and tongue midline showed no significant difference between unilateral LN+ group and bilateral LN+ group (P>0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity of radiologists was 65.0％ (26/40), the specificity was 80.0％ (24/32) on cervical lymph node metastasis. Conclusion Texture analysis based on T2WI can predict cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with tongue carcinoma. Entropy has certain value in predicting bilateral cervical lymph node metastasis.

Photobiomodulation, also known as photochemical modulation, refers to the use of low-power light from various sources to induce photophysical and photochemical modulation without thermal injury in the body. Photobiomodulation is related to the wavelength and energy of light. Target chromophores for light of different wavelengths include cytochrome C oxidase, opsin, porphyrin, etc., and the parameters such as power density, spot size, and energy density determine the energy of light. At present, many in vivo and in vitro studies have confirmed the application potential of photobiomodulation in the treatment of various skin diseases.

Localized neurovascular dysregulation is an important factor for the occurrence of rosacea, and it has been confirmed that neurogenic inflammation is a key step in neurovascular dysregulation. Intradermal injection of botulinum toxin can relieve facial flushing and burning sensations, which may be attributed to the inhibition of neuropeptide release from nerve endings and degranulation of mast cells. This review summarizes the research progress in neurogenic inflammation in the pathogenesis of rosacea and botulinum toxin in the treatment of rosacea, aiming to provide a basis for nerve-related basic research and clinical treatment of rosacea.

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease. In addition to subjective evaluation, some objective quantifiable indices are needed for the diagnosis and treatment of rosacea. Some skin imaging and noninvasive measurement tools have been applied to clinical practice, and can provide quantitative or semi-quantitative indices to assist the diagnosis and treatment of rosacea. This review summarizes relevant research progress to provide evidence for clinical standardized application.