Objective To investigate the effects of traditional Chinese medicine bath on mixed hemorrhoids postoperative pain and edema .Methods 120 cases of mixed hemorrhoids treated patients were selected and randomly divided into the control group and observation group in accordance with the number table .The control group were treated with potassium permanganate bath Fumigation treatment ,the observation group were used traditional Chinese medicine bath treatment , observed after treatment of pain and edema and compared the clinical efficacy of the two groups after treatment .Results The pain scores of 3 days,5 days and 7 days after treatment in the observation group were significantly lower than that of the control group ( t=2.065,2.425,2.311,all P<0.05);The edema scores of 3 days,5 days and 7 days after treatment in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(t =2.007,2.065,1.993,all P <0.05);And observation group of significant efficiency,total efficiency (63.33%,93.33%) were significantly higher (45.00%,78.33%),there were significant differences between the two groups(χ2 =4.062,3.913,all P<0.05).Conclusion Herbal bath for mixed hemorrhoids postoperative pain and edema prevention and mitigation has obvious effect ,which has some clinical significance .

Objective To evaluate the effective of emergent endoscopic injection sclerotherapy ( EIS) for lethal bleeding from esophagogastric varices. Methods In this study, endoscopic injection of 5% sodium morrhuate was used to control esophagogastric variceal bleeding in 176 patients. In all 209 cases, 181 cases suffered from acute lethal bleeding from esophagogastric varices received endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy under the modified Senstaken-Blakemore tube compression. Results The exact bleeding site at the first procedure could be visualized in 166(94. 3% ) patients. The effective rate of EIS was 96. 2% . Multiple procedures were required in the 21 cases of relapsed bleeding. Complications of EIS occurred in 15 cases (8. 5% ) , of which 3(1. 7% ) died. Conclusion Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy under the modified Senstaken-Blakemore tube compression is relatively safe and effective procedure in the treatment of lethal bleeding from esophagogastric varices.

Mean flow rate (MFR) ,vocal intensity (I) ,pitch frequency(P) ,pitch perturbation (PP) and vocal efficiency (I/F) were measured simutaneously during sustained phonation of the vowel [i] at wide range levels of intensities in 158 nor mal subjects and the same parameters were measured at moderate vocal intensity level in 136 patients with various kinds of laryngeal diseases. PP indicates the amount of irregular vibration of vocal folds and I/F represents efficient transition from MFR to acoustic energy. When phonation at different intensities ,MFR,P and I/F increase but PP decreases when I increases. At moderate intensity phonation, there are positive correlations between MFR and I,and between I and P but negative correlation between MFR and I/F,between I(male) and PP,and between P(fe-male) and PP.Most of the patients with laryngeal diseases showed higher MFR and PP but lower I/F than normal subjects.MFR, PP and I/F could be used as objective and quantitative parameters with I and P as reference parameters in assessing laryngeal function of phonation.

Objective To make cephalometric analysis on the morphology of mandibular angle and its relationship with adjoining craniomaxillofacial structures in adults, and to discuss the application of the results in preoperative analysis and operation design. Methods Cephalometric analysis was made on the following parameters in 30 adults (15 men and 15 women) for frontal and lateral cephalometric radiograms: the distance between the mandibular angles (Go Go) and between the malar points (Zy Zy), and the mandible mental angels (Zy Go Me) on an anteroposterior cephalometric radiograph; the gonial angle (Ar Go Me), mandibular plane sella nasion angle (MP SN) and ramus plane sella nasion angle (RP SN). Results Go Go in male was (130?6) mm, female (116?6) mm; Zy Zy in male was (156?5) mm, female (146?5) mm; Zy Go Me in male was (117?5)?, female (119?5)?; Ar Go Me in male was (117?5)?, female (119?5)?; MP SN in male was (27?5)?, female (29?5)?; RP SN in male was (94?5)?, female (93?5)?. Conclusion The morphology of mandibular angle should be envisioned in three directions. The results of evaluation can be served as the reference of preoperative analysis and surgery design.

OBJECTIVE To cut down the occurring rate of the hospital infections in the neonate ward. METHODS To summarize the experiences and to approach the methods for the infection control and the nursing management for hospital infections in neonate ward in last ten years(1995-2004). RESULTS Thermostats,blue-ray boxes,resuscitators,respirator tubes and some other devices which usually applying in neonate ward were easily lead to the hospital infections. CONCLUSIONS The nursing department plays an important role in controlling the hospital infections,and the head nurse is the key to the question,and all the members mobilization is the guarantee for putting the measures into effect.

OBJECTIVE To conduct the centralized management of the medical instrument in the supply room,and to assure the quality and validation of the clinical nursing and the patient safety. METHODS The cleaning and packing procedures of the instrument were standardized.The reusable instrument would be concentrated to clean,pack,and sterilize.To create a photograph management system,and use the photos to distinguish specialized instrument. RESULTS The instrument was reprocessed in the supply room instead of the clinical departments by the method of the centralized management of the instrument,which provided better instrument care and reprocessing. CONCLUSIONS The supply room conducts the centralized management of the medical instrument and enhances the quality of the instrument reprocessing.

Objective To study the changes of activities of phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ drug-metabolic enzymes in the spleen of rats with spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome.Methods The rat model of spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome was established by gastric gavage of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei decoction combined with injection of hydrocortisone for 17 continuous days.And then we detected the activities of 6 kinds of phase Ⅰ drug-metabolic enzymes of CYP2C19,CYP2D6,CYP2C9,CYP1A2,CYP2C8,CYP3A4,and 4 kinds of phase Ⅱ drugmetabolic enzymes of phenol sulfotransferase (PST),uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase 1 (UGT1),glutathione transferase (GST),estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1) in the spleen.Results Compared with the normal control group,the activities of PST,UGT1,GST and SULT1E1 in the model group were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01),and the activity of CYP1A2 was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01),while CYP2C19,CYP2D6,CYP2C8,CYP3A4,CYP2C9 enzymes showed no obvious changes(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The activities of splenic drug-metabolic enzymes,in particular the phase Ⅱ enzymes,are significantly varied under the state of spleen-kidney yang deficiency.

Objective To investigate the treatment of intractable bile duct stones. Methods Of the total 149 cases of biliary stones, some are multiple bile duct stones,large stones,stones obstructed in the duodenal ampulla or residuary stones after T-tube surgery, others are associated with small papilla or papilla with neighoring diverticulum. All the stones were extracted with several endoscopic methods, such as choledochoscopy during or after operation, mechanical lithotripsy after EST(endoscopic sphincterotomy), biliary mother-baby endoscopy, ENBD(endoscopic nasobiliary drainage) or biliary-duodenum internal drainage. Results In general, extrahepatic bile duct stones were effectively removed in 94. 6% cases. In 19 out of 20 cases, stones were completely removed with choledochoscopy during operation; In 35 out of 40 cases stones were fully extracted through T-tube endoscopy, and in 72 of 76 cases stones were thoroughly removed with mechanical lithotripsy after EST. Conclusion The intractable bile duct stones can be effectively managed with combined endoscopic therapy, which is attributed to the high success rate in removing biliary stones and should be popularized in this field.

Objective To investigate the expression of blood CD +4 CD +25 Treg GITR,CD +4 T cell GITRL in children with asthma,and the role of them in asthmatic inflammation.Methods 50 cases of severe asthma were selected,and were controlled with thirty two healthy children.The venous blood was collected both in the period of acute episode and clinic remission.The mean fluorescence intensity of CD +4 CD +25 Treg GITR and CD +4 T cell GITRL was detected by flow cytometry.Results The expression of CD +4 CD +25 Treg GITR in the asthma acute period group was (24.2 ±8.2)MFI,which was significantly lower than (28.5 ±6.0)MFI in the control group(t =2.5,P <0.05).While there was no significant difference of CD +4 T cell GITRL expression between the asthma acute period group[(5.2 ±3.6)MFI]and the control group[(4.6 ±1.0)MFI](t =1.1,P >0.05).Moreover,the expression of CD +4 CD +25 Treg GITR in the asthma in remission group after treatment was (29.5 ±8.3)MFI,which was significantly higher than that in acute period group before treatment(t =-9.9,P <0.01 ).Whereas,there was no significant difference of CD +4 T cell GITRL expression in asthma group between in remission after treatment[(5.7 ±3.6)MFI] and in acute period before treatment(t =-1.6,P >0.05).Furthermore,there was no significant correlation between levels of CD +4 CD +25 Treg GITR and CD +4 T cell GITRL.Conclusion The level of CD +4 CD +25 Treg GITR in acute period asthmatic patients was decreased,but it was increased in remission,but no changes of CD +4 T cell GITRL expression were observed.GITR/GITRL signal system might be involved in the asthmatic inflammation procession.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on renal function during percutaneous nephrolithotomy under general anesthesia in the patients with renal calculus. Methods Thirty patients (male 25 cases,female 5 cases)with renal calculi,age 40-70 yr,with body mass index of 1 9-27 kg/m2 ,ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective percutaneous neph-rolithotomy under general anesthesia,were randomized into two groups (n =1 5 each):control group (group C)and dexmedetomidine group (group D).In patients of group D,dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg were infused intravenously over 10 min before induction anesthesia,followed by infusion at a rate of 0.5 μg·kg-1 ·h-1 until the end of operation.The equal volume of normal saline was given in pa-tients of group C.Immediately before beginning of surgery (T0 ),at the end of surgery (T1 ),the first day after surgery (T2 )and the third day after surgery (T3 ),blood and urine samples were obtained. The serum and urine concentrations of urea nitrogen (BUN),serum creatinine (Scr),cystatin C (CYS-C),retinol binding protein (RBP),urinaryα1-microglobulin (α1-MG),urine micro-albumin,u-rinary transferrin,urinary immunoglobulin G was measured by automatic biochemical analyzer and Beckman specific protein analyzer.Results There was no difference in BUN and Scr at any time point between the two groups.Compared with T0 ,CYS-C and RBP at T1-T3 increased significantly in two groups (P <0.05).The levels of CYS-C and RBP in group D were lower than in group C at T1-T3 (P<0.05).There was no difference in urinary immunoglobulin G,urine micro-albumin after the start of surgery.Compared with T0 ,urinary α1-MG at T1-T3 increased significantly in two groups (P <0.05).The level of urinary α1-MG in group D was lower than in group C at T1-T3 (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine(1 μg/kg infused intravenously before induction of anesthesia,followed by infusion at a rate of 0.5 μg·kg-1 ·h-1 until the end of operation)might provide renal protection to some extent during percutaneous nephrolithotomy under general anesthesia in the patients with renal calculi.