Substantial evidence indicates that comprehensive, long-term cardiac rehabilitation, involving medical evaluation, prescribed exercise, cardiac risk factor modification, education, counseling, and behavioral interventions, provides protection in primary and secondary coronary heart disease prevention. However, cardiac rehabilitation programs are greatly underused in patients with coronary heart disease. The benefits of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation on the risk factors of coronary heart disease including smoking, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and dysglycemia as well as overall morbidity and mortality, and quantity and quality of life were reviewed. And the related con-cepts, history, core components, current status and progress of cardiac rehabilitation were also discussed.

Objectives Through analyzing the published scientific papers from 2001 to 2010 by the professionals of the 31 provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention in China,offer reference for making plan about scientific research,disciplinary areas,personnel training.Methods Literature quantitative analysis and health statistics methods were used to analyze these papers.Results The professionals in 31 provincial CDC published a total of 22079 papers,Zhejiang 1669(7.56％),Guangxi 1579 (7.15 ％),Jiangsu 1410 (6.39 ％) are the top 3 provinces.The ratio of published papers in Zhonghua medical journal among all the papers are 1366(6.19％),the first three provinces Tianjinlll (13.67％).Beijing160 (13.57％).Shaanxi34 (10.59％).Average papers published by the eastern,central and western regions are 1131,452,444,eastern above western regions (P =0.0065.P =0.0028).Conclusion In recent ten years,the quantity and quality of papers published by the professionals of provincial CDC in China were improved.The unbalanced development exist among eastern,central and western regions,But the majority CDC's papers should be strengthened further.

Radical surgical resection is the most important method for the treatment of gallbladder carcinoma, and TNM cancer staging is an important basis for making surgical decisions. However, there is no standard for the selection of surgical methods and validity extent of surgical resection. Based on the AJCC 8th Edition Cancer Staging System, the paper makes a systematic review of the situation and disputes regarding the extent of surgical resection for gallbladder carcinoma.

Objective:Taking clinical strains of Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) with different antimicrobial resistance as the research object, to explore the new genes related to the resistance of H. pylori to clarithromycin (CLA) and levofloxacin (LVX) based on whole-genome sequencing. Methods:From September 1st, 2016 to August 31st, 2019, 1 749 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and positive 13C urea breath test who visited the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital were enrolled. After gastric mucosal biopsy, H. pylori was isolated and cultured from gastric mucosa. Ninety H. pylori strains were successfully preserved. According to the results of in vitro drug sensitivity test, a total of 40 strains including 10 strains with single-drug resistance to CLA (CLA group), 10 strains with single-drug resistance to LVX (LVX group), 10 strains with dual-resistance to CLA and LVX (dual resistance group) and 10 strains sensitive to CLA, LVX, amoxicillin, furazolidone, tetracycline and metronidazole (all sensitive group) were screened out. By whole-genome sequencing and comparison to the comprehensive antibiotic research database (CARD), single nucleotide variations (SNV) and indels were analyzed, genes related to H. pylori resistance to CLA and LVX were screened out and the differences of new genes among 4 groups were analyzed. Independent sample t test, one-way analysis of variance, least significant difference method and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:Among the 4 groups there were no statistically significant differences in the number of SNV (74 952.00±8 755.21, 77 128.10±3 191.35, 78 639.90±601.23 and 77 474.60±2 421.05) and Indels (2 582.20±265.45, 2 653.60±108.37, 2 667.10±43.82 and 2 641.10±80.25) (all P>0.05). Compared to CARD, a total of 223 drug resistance-related genes were detected, of which 19 genes related to CLA mono-resistance in CLA group, 24 genes related to LVX mono-resistance in LVX group, 16 genes related to CLA mono-resistance, 14 genes related to LVX mono-resistance, and 12 dual resistance-related genes in dual resistance group, and 11 genes related to CLA mono-resistance, 17 genes related to LVX mono-resistance, and 13 dual resistance-related genes in all sensitive group. Among the genes related to CLA mono-resistance, the detection rates of erythromycin esterase gene ( ere)B in CLA group, LVX group, dual resistance group and all sensitive group were 0/10, 0/10, 3/10, 0/10, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant( χ2=5.79, P=0.049). The detection rate of erythromycin ribosomal methylase gene ( erm) family in CLA group and dual resistance group was higher than that in LVX group and all sensitive group (45.0%, 9/20 vs. 10.0%, 2/20), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=6.14, P=0.013). The detection rates of free methionine-(R)-sulfoxide reductase gene ( msrC) in CLA group, LVX group, dual resistance group and all sensitive group were 10/10, 7/10, 6/10, 4/10, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=8.97, P=0.030). Among the genes related to LVX mono-resistance, the detection rate of quinolone resistance pentapeptide repeat protein gene ( qnr) family in LVX group and dual resistance group was higher than that in CLA group and all sensitive group (60.0%, 12/20 vs. 25.0%, 5/20), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=5.01, P=0.025). The detection rates of qnrB4 in CLA group, LVX group, dual resistance group and all sensitive group were 1/10, 3/10, 7/10, 1/10, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=10.17, P=0.010). The number of efflux transporter genes related to CLA mono-resistance in 4 groups were less than those of LVX mono-resistance and dual drug resistance (11 vs. 29 and 11 vs. 23), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=11.87, 5.80; P=0.001, 0.016). The detected numbers of LVX resistance-related efflux transport genes in CLA group, LVX group, dual resistance group and all sensitive group were 28, 40, 24 and 27, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=10.26, P=0.016). Conclusions:Erm family and msrC may be important genes that mediate the resistance of H. pylori to CLA, and qnr family is related to mediating the resistance of H. pylori to LVX. Efflux transport genes may play a synergistic role in the process of drug efflux, and are more likely to mediate H. pylori resistance to LVX.