MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of small noncoding RNA molecules that function as posttranscriptional gene regulators by base-pairing with their target mRNAs where they either repress translation or direct destructive cleavage.Recent evidences have shown that miRNAs were aberrantly expressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)compared with normal thyroid tissue,indicating that they may play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of PTC.Some deregulated miRNAs might potentially be adjunct markers in the preoperative diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of progressive resistance exercise for improving the lower limb motor function of hemiplegic stroke patients. Methods Eighty-nine hemiplegic patients were randomly divided into a treatment group (n =46) and a control group ( n = 43 ) . Both groups received routine rehabilitation training, while the treatment group also undertook progressive resistance training. The control group received extra quadriceps femoris training. Before and after the treatment, motor function was evaluated with the Fugl-Meyer lower limb assessment, functional ambulation category (FAC) classification and the modified Barthel index (MBI). Results Before intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups in any of the assessments. Four weeks later, all the assessment scores obtained with the Fugl-Meyer lower limb assessment, FCA classification and MBI in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group. Conclusion Progressive resistance training combined with routine rehabilitation treatment can improve motor function in the lower limbs, ambulation and ability in the activities of daily living of hemiplegic patients after stroke.

Construction of artificial cell factory to produce specific compounds of interest needs wild strain to be genetically engineered. In recent years, with the reconstruction of many genome-scale metabolic networks, a number of methods have been proposed based on metabolic network analysis for predicting genetic modification targets that lead to overproduction of compounds of interest. These approaches use constraints of stoichiometry and reaction reversibility in genome-scale models of metabolism and adopt different mathematical algorithms to predict modification targets, and thus can discover new targets that are difficult to find through traditional intuitive methods. In this review, we introduce the principle, merit, demerit and application of various strain optimization methods in detail. The main problems in existing methods and perspectives on this emerging research field are also discussed, aiming to provide guidance to choose the appropriate methods according to different types of products and the reliability of the predicted results.
Algorithms ; Biotechnology ; methods ; Computer Simulation ; Genome ; Industrial Microbiology ; Metabolic Engineering ; methods ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Models, Theoretical ; Reproducibility of Results

ObjectiveTo evaluate the mid- and long-term efficacy of subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery (SEPS)in the treatment CEAP classification C4 - C6 of primary chronic venous insufficiency(CVI). MethodsClinical data of 82 cases of chronic venous insufficiency were analysed retrospectively. According to operative method adopted,patients were divided into group A in which perforator veins were ligated under subfascial endoscopic surgery (SEPS group ),and group B in which perforator veins were not ligated (non-SEPS group).Diagnosis was established by clinical symptoms,color Doppler or ascending venography in all patients.Postoperatively patients were followed up regularly.The clinical outcomes between different surgicalmethods in two groups were assessed byCEAP clinical classification,CEAP clinical symptom scores,cumulative ulcer healing rate and cumulative ulcer recurrence rate.ResultsNo significant differences were found in CEAP clinical classification,CEAP clinical symptom scores between the two groups preoperatively ( P ＞ 0.05 ). There were significant differences in CEAP clinical classification such as edema,lipodermatosclerosis,venous ulceration between the two groups on 2 years postoperatively (P ＜ 0.05 ).The amount of swelling limbs,healed ulceration,active ulceration in group A was less than group B (P ＜ 0.05 ) on 3' and 5' years postoperatively.Significant differences were found postoperatively in total clinical symptom scores between group A and B.Clinical symptoms such as swelling,lipodermatosclerosis,ulcer healing in group A relieved more markedly than group B ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The median healing time of ulcers was 2.3 and 3.7 months respectively in group A and B.Log-rank test on group differences was sensitive to long-term cumulative ulcer healing rate ( x2 =4.063,P =0.044).But Breslow test on group differences was sensitive to early cumulative ulcer healing rate ( x2 =5.471,P =0.019).Cumulative ulcer healing rate in group A was significantly higher than in group B postoperatively (P ＜ 0.05 ).The cumulative ulcer recurrence rate in group A was significantly lower than group B (P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsSuperficial vein resection combined with perforator vein ligation significantly enhanced clinical efficacy,accelerated ulcer healing and decreased mid- and long-term ulcer recurrence rate.

Objective To investigate the extent of reoperation for patients of differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC) who require total thyroidectomy.Methods The data of 137 patients undergoing reoperation for DTC were analyzed.These 137 patients were firstly diagnosed as benigh tumors and underwent local resection in our department from June 2004 to June 2010,however,they were proved to be DTC by postoperative pathology.Results In the reoperation,78 cases received ipsilateral residual thyroid resection plus contralateral lobectomy,11 cases received contralateral lobectomy,4 cases received contralateral near total lobectomy,22 cases received bilateral remnant resection,15 cases received ipsilateral remnant resection plus isthmuscectomy,and 7 cases received contralateral remnant resection.46 cases received unilateral cervical lymph node dissection,and 15 cases received bilateral cervical lymph node dissection.The incidence of temporary and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury was 2.9％ (4/137)and 0.7％ (1/137) respectively.The incidence of temporary and permanent hypoparathyroidism was 3.6％ ( 5/137 ) and 1.5％ (2/137) respectively.There was no clinical evidence of recurrence or cervical lymph node metastasis during the 6 months to 6 years of follow-up.Conclusions For DTC patients after local resection,reoperation methods should be selected according to the first operation and pathological results.Careful operation can effectively reduce complications and improve prognosis.

Objective To compare complication between clamp harmonic scalpel and traditional pattern of bipolar electric knife in open thyroidectomy.Methods Patients undergoing open thyroidectomy from Jan.2009 to Dec.2010 in Thyroid Surgery Department of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were analyzed retrospectively.Patients fell into 2 groups according to operative pattern:633 cases in clamp harmonic scalpel group and 587 cases in bipolar electric knife group.Complications such as intraoperative and postoperative blood loss,reooperative hemostatic rate,transient or permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy,transient or permanent hypocalcaemia,and infection rate were compared.Results Compared with bipolar electric knife group,intraoperative and postoperative blood loss,reoperative hemostatic rate,transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and transient hypocalcaemia in clamp harmonic scalpel group were significantly lower:(21.0 ±0.7)ml vs (10.0±0.3) ml,(31.0±1.1) mlvs (12.0±1.4) ml,1.53％ vs0.47％,2.39％ vs0.95％,1.87％vs 0.63％,and 3.58％ vs 1.73％ respectively(P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in complications of permanent hypocalcaemia,permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and infection rate for the 2 groups:0％ vs 0％,0％ vs 0％,and 0.68％ vs 0.63％ respectively ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions Compared with traditional pattern of thyroidectomy,complication rate in clamp harmonic scalpel is significantly lower.Thyroidectomy by clamp harmonic scalpel is a safer operative pattern and worth to be popularized.

Objective To observe the effects of systems of progressive resistance exercise on lower limb extensors （quadriceps femoris） of stroke patients. Methods 89 stroke patients with weak lower limbs were randomly divided into progressive resistance exercise group (n=46) and control group (n=43), both receiving corresponding treatment for 4 weeks. They were assessed with Manual Muscle Test (MMT), integrated electromyogram (iEMG) and root mean square (RMS) of surface electromyography on quadriceps femoris before and after the treatment. Results The incidence of improvement with MMT was 94.3% in progressive resistance exercise group, and 63.8% in control group （P<0.01）. The iEMG and RMS of the exercise group was significantly higher than that of the control （P<0.01）. Conclusion The systems of progressive resistance exercise could improve the muscle strength of lower limbs extensors of stroke patients more effectively.

Objective To compare the dose distribution of postoperative plans with preoperative plans for 3D printing coplanar template assisted radioactive seed implantation,and to explore the accuracy of the technique in seed implantation.Methods From November 2015 to December 2016 a total of 32 patients were selected and underwent 3D printing coplanar template assisted radioactive seed implantation in Tengzhou Central People's Hospital of Shandong province.There were 36 implanted lesions,including l0 in the lungs,5 in neck lymphs,3 in pelvic cavities,3 in vertebral body,2 in pancreas,2 in abdominal lymph nodes,2 in portal veins,and 9 in the other parts.All patients were given preoperative planning and guided by the coplanar templates.Compared with the preoperative plan,all levels needles inserted at the same time.According to preoperative planning the implantation surgery was completed accurately.The postoperative dosimetry was evaluated.The preoperative and postoperative dosimetry parameters were compared,including Dg0,D100,V90,V100.V150,V200 and conformal index (CI),external index (EI),and homogeneity index(HI).The paired t test was used to perform the statistical analysis.Result There was no significant differences in Dg0,D100,V90,V100,V150,V200,CI,EI and HI between before and after operation(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The dose parameters in postplan showed no difference compared with preplan in this study.For fixed and moving organ tumors,3D printing coplanar template assisted radioactive seed implantation has good therapeutic accuracy,and may be a standardized surgicalmethod for seed implantation in the future.