Objective To explore the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro. Methods The NSCs cultures were generated from the brain of embryonic day 16 SD rat. Primitive NSCs were cultured, proliferated and passaged. The NSCs were identified by the immunocytochemical (ICC) staining of Nestin. The ICC staining of BrdU was adopted to characterize the proliferation of NSCs. According to limited dilution method, the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the proliferation of NSCs was observed. Results The NSCs were successfully cultured and proliferated in vitro. Different dosages (100, 4, 8 ?mol/L) of ginsenoside Rg1 could promote the proliferation of NSCs in vitro. Compared with the control group, the numbers of nerurospheres of the three dosage ginsenoside Rg1 groups (40, 4, 0.4 ?mol/L) were increased obviously. Conclusions Ginsenoside Rg1 significantly promote the proliferation of NSCs in vitro.

Photoacoustic imaging is a kind of non-invasive technology without ionizing radiation that can be used to image optical absorbers in tumor tissues according to the principle of "light in and sound out". It has the advantages of high contrast of optical imaging as well as high penetrability of acoustic imaging. However, current researches on photoacoustic imaging are still limited in the laboratory. This technology can be used for detection of cutaneous melanoma in situ and non-melanoma skin cancer, sentinel lymph node imaging, detection and eradication of circulating tumor cells by combining real-time laser ablation technique, and versatile imaging and treatment with the aid of exogenous imaging agents. This review summarizes preclinical experiments about photoacoustic imaging technology in skin tumors, with a view to promoting its clinical application at an early date.

Aim To explore the effects of astragaloside(AS)on the proliferation of neural stem cells(NSCs).Methods The NSCs of embryonic day(E)16 SD rat were cultured in vitro.The NSCs were identified by the immunocytochemical(ICC)staining of Nestin.The ICC staining of BrdU was adopted to characterize the proliferation of NSCs.The number of neurospheres and the ICC staining of BrdU were performed to identify their proliferation properties.Real time RT-PCR technique was used to investigate the proliferation mechanisms of the AS on the NSCs.Results Characteristic protein(Nestin)of NSCs labeling,BrdU labeling were positive showed by immunocytochemical staining.The ICC of BrdU labeling results showed that different dosages of AS could promote the proliferation of NSCs in vitro.The proliferation rate of NSCs was increased extremely significant(P

This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of the literature related to the field of hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula from the Web of Science database. The current and future research hotspots and development trends in this field were visualized by sorting and interpreting the research data and drawing a visualization chart. This study suggests that there are certain academic barriers between China and developed countries, and international multicenter clinical trials should be conducted in the future with early identification of arteriovenous fistula dysfunction and emerging diagnostic tools as the academic development direction.

OBJECTIVETo detect mutations of the NF1 gene in two sporadic cases with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and explore their molecular mechanisms.

METHODSClinical data of the two patients was collected. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. Specific primers were designed to exclude pseudogenes. PCR was performed to amplify all coding exons of the NF1 gene. PCR products were directly sequenced.

RESULTSTwo novel mutations of the NF1 gene (c.1019-1020delCT in exon 9 and c.7189G to A in exon 48) were respectively identified in the two patients but not among their unaffected parents or 100 healthy controls.

CONCLUSIONMutations of the NF1 gene may have predisposed to the NF1 in the two patients.

As a complex social and psychological problem, the stigma of diabetic patients has received widespread attention all over the world in recent years, and related assessment tools have been developed to some extent, but a unified standard has not yet been formed. The author summarizes the reported stigma evaluation tools for diabetic patients at home and abroad, introduces the application and characteristics of each evaluation tool, and summarizes the limitations of the existing evaluation tools to further develop and improve the stigma evaluation tools and applications for diabetic patients Research provides reference and reference.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical and genetic features of 9 ethnic Han Chinese patients with disseminated superfacial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP).

METHODSGenomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples collected from the patients. PCR and direct sequencing were carried out for five patients from a family, 4 sporadic cases, and 120 healthy controls to identify potential mutations of four genes (MVK, MVD, PMVK, FDPS) involved in the mevalonate pathway as well as SLC17A9, SSH1, and SART3 genes. Pathogenecity of suspected mutations were assessed with SIFT, and Polyphen-2 scores.

RESULTSA c.746T>C mutation was identified in the family and two sporadic cases, while a c.875A>G mutation was identified in another sporadic case. No mutation was identified in the remainder genes among all patients. Scoring has suggested that the c.746T>C and c.875A>G mutations of the MVD gene are probably pathogenic.

CONCLUSIONc.746 T>C and c.875A>G of the MVD gene are most common mutations. Skin rashes of the patients have a strong connection with the sunlight, albeit a significant difference among patients was discovered.

Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Porokeratosis ; genetics

Objective:To screen differential metabolites and metabolic pathways in urine of adult patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD), so as to provide scientific basis for finding specific biomarkers and pathogenesis of KBD.Methods:In Yongshou County, the KBD area in Shaanxi Province, adult KBD patients were selected as the case group, and healthy people without clinical symptoms of KBD were selected as the control group in the same disease area. The subjects' fasting mid-morning urine was collected, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology was used to detect small-molecule metabolites in the urine. Multivariate statistical analysis [partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)] and comparison with KEGG and human metabonomics database (HMDB) were used to identify and screen differential metabolites and metabolic pathways in KBD patients.Results:A total of 58 subjects were included, 39 cases in the case group, including 23 males and 16 females; the age was (61.2 ± 7.8) years old; the body mass index was (22.7 ± 6.5) kg/m 2. There were 19 cases in the control group, including 10 males and 9 females; the age was (50.0 ± 9.0) years old; the body mass index was (24.3 ± 5.5) kg/m 2. Three first-order differential metabolites (HT-2 toxin, T-2 tetraol and seleno-adenosine selenomethionine) were identified and screened, which were highly related to the pathogenesis of KBD, and all were down-regulated. There were 38 second-order differential metabolites, among them, 10 were up-regulated and 28 were down-regulated. Nine differential metabolic pathways were screened, mainly involving amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism and energy metabolism. Conclusions:The urine metabolism profiles of adult KBD patients and healthy people are significantly different, mainly involving amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism and energy metabolism. The first-order differential metabolites HT-2 toxin, T-2 tetraol and seleno-adenosine selenomethionine are highly correlated with the pathogenesis of KBD.

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a very important pathogen, especially for children.On a global scale, GAS is an important cause of morbidity and mortality.But the burden of disease caused by GAS is still unknown in China and also has not obtained enough attention.For this purpose, the expert consensus is comprehensively described in diagnosis, treatment and prevention of GAS diseases in children, covering related aspects of pneumology, infectiology, immunology, microbiology, cardiology, nephrology, critical care medicine and preventive medicine.Accordingly, the consensus document was intended to improve management strategies of GAS disease in Chinese children.