The expert system is an important field of the artificial intelligence. The traditional interface of the expert system is the command, menu and window at present. It limits the application of the expert system and embarrasses the enthusiasm of using expert system. Combining with the study on the expert system of network fault diagnosis, the natural language interface of the expert system has been discussed in this article. This interface can understand and generate Chinese sentences. Using this interface, the user and field experts can use the expert system to diagnose the fault of network conveniently. In the article, first, the extended production rule has been proposed. Then the methods of Chinese sentence generation from conceptual graphs and the model of expert system are introduced in detail. Using this model, the network fault diagnosis expert system and its natural language interface have been developed with Prolog.

The expert system is an important field of the artificial intelligence. The traditional interface of the expert system is the command, menu and window at present. It limits the application of the expert system and embarrasses the enthusiasm of using expert system. Combining with the study on the expert system of network fault diagnosis, the natural language interface of the expert system has been discussed in this article. This interface can understand and generate Chinese sentences. Using this interface, the user and field experts can use the expert system to diagnose the fault of network conveniently. In the article, first, the extended production rule has been proposed. Then the methods of Chinese sentence generation from conceptual graphs and the model of expert system are introduced in detail. Using this model, the network fault diagnosis expert system and its natural language interface have been developed with Prolog.

Chinese medicine dispensing granule is made by qualified decoction pieces with modern pharmaceutical technology, which has the characteristics of flexible prescription, flexible dose, fast onset and easy absorption. However, there is great controversy in whether it has curative effects, also there are problems with non-conformant standard of prescription, high price, and incomplete varieties. In this case, advantages and disadvantages of present Chinese medicine dispensing granule are analyzed and discussed thoroughly in this article so that we can provide references for the benign development of Chinese medicine dispensing granule industry.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of catechin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and its mechanism.Methods 40 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham operation group,model group and 50,100 and 200 mg·kg~(-1) catechin groups,with 8 rats in each group.The model of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats was established with modified sutured-occluded method.The rats in catechin groups were injected with catechin at the matched concentration.The rats in sham operation group and model group were injected with saline.And all rats were given more time in 2 hours after ischemia.Rats were sacrificed for histologic examination after the behavioral test,and their brains were taken to assay the activities of MPO and NOS.Results Catechin at different dosages(50,100 and 200 mg·kg~(-1))could obviously decrease neurological deficit score,repair histological injury,and reduce the activities of MPO and NOS in rats of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Conclusions Catechin can relieve the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury,and its mechanism may be partly related to the effects of its antiinflammation and antioxidation.

Objective To explore the expression and significance of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, IV collagen and CD34 in epithelial ovarian tumor. Methods Eighty-two patients with epithelial ovarian tumor, among them,there were 48 malignant epithelial ovarian carcinomas, 23 borderline epithelial ovarian tumors and 11 benign epithelial ovarian tumors. The expression of MMP-9, IV collagen and CD34 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The expression of MMP-9 was strongly linked to the degree of malignant ovarian carcinomas (F= 39.306,P< 0.01). The expression of CD34 was also strongly linked to the degree of malignant ovarian carcinomas [benign epithelial ovarian tumors was (17.18±5.64)%,borderline epithelial ovarian tumors was (29.76±7.18)%,well-differentiated malignant epithelial ovarian carcinomas was (57.20±8.55)%,moderately-differentiated malignant epithelial ovarian carcinomas was (71.20±8.48)%, poorly-differentiated malignant epithelial ovarian carcinomas was(90.38±20.03)%](F= 100.072, P < 0.01). The expression of IV collagen in malignant epithelial ovarian carcinomas was different from that in borderline epithelial ovarian tumors and benign epithelial ovarian tumors (F = 11.554,P<0.0l). The expression of MMP-9 was positive correlation with the loss expression of IV collagen and the expression of CD34 (r=0.796,0.802,P< 0.01).Conclusions The positive expression of MMP-9,CD34 and the negative expression of IV collagen are obviously relevant to degree of malignant ovarian carcinomas.The combined testing on expression of MMP-9,CD34, IV collagen on ovarian carcinomas is significant to decide degree of malignant ovarian carcinomas and evaluate future development.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of breast mass-like lesions by digital breast tomosynthesis technique (DBT) versus full field digital mammography (FFDM).Methods 182 breast mass cases undergoing respectively DBT and FFDM diagnosis were reviewed to evaluate the the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy,breast BI-RADS classification and differences of edge character.Results Of the 182 cases,101 cases were malignant,81 cases were benign.DBT and FFDM in malignant mass detection rate were 95.0％ and 95.0％ respectively,the benign tumor detection rate were 80.2％ and 80.2％ respectively,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The diagnostic sensitivity was 93.1％ (94/101) and 82.2％ (83/101),specificity was 66.7％ (54/81) and 53.1％ (43/81),accuracy was 81.3％ (148/182) and 69.2％ (126/182),all the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The BI-RADS classification difference of the malignant mass was statistically significant (x2 =12.912,P =0.044 5),and the benign mass was also statistically significant (x2 =12.739,P =0.026 0).The clear edge benign tumors detected by DBT and FFDM respectively were 65 and 45 cases (x2 =10.224,P =0.001 4).The spicule sign detected by DBT and FFDM respectively in malignant tumors were 71 and 50 cases (x2 =8.244,P =0.004 1).Conclusion DBT compared to traditional FFDM photography improves the lesion visibility,increases the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity,conducing to the identification of benign and malignant lesions.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of i-scan endoscopy in detecting small colorectal precancerous lesions.Methods A total of 127 patients were randomized into 2 groups to underwent conventional colonoscopy and i-scan endoscopy respectively.The findings were compared with pathologic examinations.Results A total of 84 lesions were detected by conventional endoscopy in 64 patients,while 147 lesions were found in 63 patients with high resolution detection only,which was increased to 259 with i-scan,including 102 flat lesions.With respect to histology,adenomatous lesions could be predicted with a high sensitivity (80％) and a high specificity ( 100％ ) by i-scan endoscopy.Conclusion More small colorectal lesions can be detected by i-scan endoscopy,which can distinguish neoplasm from non-neoplasm colorectal lesions.

Correct neonatal resuscitation is the primary way to reduce perinatal mortality and neurological sequelae, and adequate preparation is essential. This article introduces the details for preparing neonatal resuscitation (including antenatal consultation) and ways to optimize the practice, aiming to improve the success rate of neonatal resuscitation.

Objective: To evaluate the characteristics and related factors of physical activities both inside and outside the kindergarten among preschool children, so as to provide a reference for promoting targeted physical activities among different types of children in the future. Methods: From April 2016 to December 2022, 706 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years from the Shanghai parent child cohort followed up. Accelerometers were used to measure their physical activities during kindergarten hours, and a parent questionnaire was employed to assess their physical activities and screen time outside the kindergarten. Restrictive cubic spline analysis was used to examine the relationship between moderate to vigorous physical activities (MVPA) inside and outside the kindergarten. Cluster analysis was performed to identify physical activity patterns among children, and multinomial Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the influencing factors of these physical activity patterns. Results: On weekdays, preschooler accumulated an average of (40.83±15.71) minutes of MVPA inside the kindergarten and 30(15, 53) minutes outside daily. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed an inverted U shaped relationship between MVPA inside and outside the kindergarten. Cluster analysis identified four groups: low daily MVPA but active inside (196, 27.8%), moderate daily MVPA but high screen time outside (97, 13.7%), adequate daily MVPA and relatively active outside (96, 13.6%), and low daily MVPA and relatively inactive both inside and outside (317, 44.9%). Compared to the reference group of adequate daily MVPA and relatively active outside, children with screen time exceeding 60 minutes at 2 years old were more likely to belong to the group with adequate daily MVPA but more screen time outside ( OR =3.84, 95% CI =1.16-12.74, P <0.05). Boys had a lower likelihood of being in the group with low daily MVPA and relatively inactive both inside and outside ( OR =0.33, 95% CI =0.16-0.70, P <0.05). Children from neighborhoods with insufficient sport facilities were more likely to be in the low daily MVPA and relatively inactive group ( OR =2.20, 95% CI = 1.05 -4.63, P <0.05). Conclusions Behavior patterns of physical activity and screen time for both inside and outside the kindergarten vary greatly among different children. Screen time at the age of 2 and the sports facilities around the commuinty are key factors influencing the physical activity pattern. It is recommended to implement personalized intervention plans in collaboration with schools and families for different types of children.