OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between hemomyelogram and sererity of acute appendicitis and identify the best routine blood test feature for perforation.

METHODS721 patients were included in this study, all of whom underwent appendectomy for the clinical diagnosis of appendicitis during the years of 2010-2013. The initial preoperative hemomyelogram was evaluated at different stages of appendicitis. The area under the ROC curve was used to assess the clinical feature with greater diagnostic accuracy of perforation. Total lymphocyte counts of 1.83 was used in the prediction of perforative appendicitis. A group of 467 patients was used for validation to confirm the diagnostic value of the cut-off value.

RESULTSThe percentage of lymphocytes had the closest association with the evolutionary phase of acute appendicitis. Total lymphocyte counts < or=1.83 indicated perforation, with high sensitivity and low specificity.

CONCLUSIONThe percentage of lymphocytes and total lymphocyte counts are helpful as a diagnostic paramete for different stages of acute appendicitis.

Acute Disease ; Appendectomy ; Appendicitis ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Count ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Although deep learning plays an important role in cell nucleus segmentation, it still faces problems such as difficulty in extracting subtle features and blurring of nucleus edges in pathological diagnosis. Aiming at the above problems, a nuclear segmentation network combined with attention mechanism is proposed. The network uses UNet network as the basic structure and the depth separable residual (DSRC) module as the feature encoding to avoid losing the boundary information of the cell nucleus. The feature decoding uses the coordinate attention (CA) to enhance the long-range distance in the feature space and highlights the key information of the nuclear position. Finally, the semantics information fusion (SIF) module integrates the feature of deep and shallow layers to improve the segmentation effect. The experiments were performed on the 2018 data science bowl (DSB2018) dataset and the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) dataset. For the two datasets, the accuracy of the proposed method was 92.01% and 89.80%, the sensitivity was 90.09% and 91.10%, and the mean intersection over union was 89.01% and 89.12%, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively segment the subtle regions of the nucleus, improve the segmentation accuracy, and provide a reliable basis for clinical diagnosis.
Cell Nucleus/pathology* ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods*

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of Rituximab (RTX) in the treatment of children with frequently relapsing/steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (FRNS/SDNS) and to analyze the factors influencing the efficacy.Methods:Case series study.The clinical data of children with FRNS/SDNS who received B-cell-guided RTX (single dose: 375 mg/m 2, maximum dose: 500 mg, one additional dose when peripheral blood CD19 + B lymphocytes ≥0.01) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from September 2019 to March 2022 were retrospectively collected.The frequency of relapse and cumulative dose of glucocorticoids before and after RTX treatment were compared.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze relapse-free survival rate and FRNS/SDNS-free survival rate after RTX treatment.The influencing factors of relapse were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results:Totally 47 children were enrolled, including 35 males and 12 females; the age of first application of RTX was 10.2 (6.9, 13.0) years; 33 children had used one type of immunosuppressant before, and 14 children had used two or more types of immunosuppressant before; the dose of RTX treatment was 3.0 (2.0, 3.0). The frequency of relapse[0(0, 0.55) times/year vs.1.62 (1.09, 2.40) times/year] and cumulative dose of glucocorticoids[0.12 (0.05, 0.21) mg/(kg·d) vs.0.40 (0.20, 0.56) mg/(kg·d)] after RTX treatment significantly decreased compared with previous immunosuppressive treatment ( Z=-5.56, -5.54, all P<0.001). The relapse-free survival rates at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after treatment were 80.9%, 72.3%, 68.1% and 68.1%, respectively, and the FRNS/SDNS-free survival rates were 93.6%, 89.4%, 89.4% and 89.4%, respectively.Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the high frequency of relapse during previous immunosuppressive therapy was a risk factor for relapse after RTX treatment ( P<0.05). Of the 14 children who relapsed, 6 occurred in children whose CD19 + B lymphocytes<0.01, and the frequency of relapse after RTX treatment was significantly higher than those whose CD19 + B lymphocytes≥0.01 ( Z=-2.84, P=0.005). No severe adverse reactions occurred during RTX treatment and follow-up. Conclusions:The B-cell-guided RTX is effective and safe in the treatment of FRNS/SDNS in children.The high frequency of relapse during previous immunosuppressive therapy is a risk factor for relapse after RTX treatment, and relapse in the state of B lymphocyte depletion predicts poor outcomes of RTX treatment.

Mitochondrial dysfunctions play major roles in ageing. How mitochondrial stresses invoke downstream responses and how specificity of the signaling is achieved, however, remains unclear. We have previously discovered that the RNA component of Telomerase TERC is imported into mitochondria, processed to a shorter form TERC-53, and then exported back to the cytosol. Cytosolic TERC-53 levels respond to mitochondrial functions, but have no direct effect on these functions, suggesting that cytosolic TERC-53 functions downstream of mitochondria as a signal of mitochondrial functions. Here, we show that cytosolic TERC-53 plays a regulatory role on cellular senescence and is involved in cognition decline in 10 months old mice, independent of its telomerase function. Manipulation of cytosolic TERC-53 levels affects cellular senescence and cognition decline in 10 months old mouse hippocampi without affecting telomerase activity, and most importantly, affects cellular senescence in terc cells. These findings uncover a senescence-related regulatory pathway with a non-coding RNA as the signal in mammals.