Objective To observe clinical effect of treating primary dysmenorrhea of congealing cold and blood stasis type with menstruation regulating method.Methods 56 cases of primary dysmenorrhea of congealing cold and blood stasis type were divided into 30 cases as a treatment group and 26 cases as a control group with random number table.The treatment group took Buyang Huanwu decoction in ovulatory period,and took Tongjing decoction in menstrual period.Moderate and severe patients took Jinkui shenqi pill for reinforcing kidney qi for 10 days after menstrual period.The control group took Shaofu Zhuyu granules and stopped to take it until the third day of menstrual period.All patients took the medicines for 3 continuous menstrual cycles.The dysmenorrhea score pre and post treatment,pain degree and effect were observed and compared.Results Menstruation regulating method and Shaofu Zhuyu granules could both improve the clinical symptoms,but the cured and markedly effective rate and total effective rate of menstruation regulating method was better (x2=8.813,P＜0.05),especially for moderate and severe dysmenorrhea.Conclusion Menstruation regulating method can improve symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea of congealing cold and blood stasis type.

Objective To observe the effects of intensive training at different intensities on the expressions of semaphorin 3A ( Sema 3A) and its receptor neuropilin ( NP-1 ) and the cell apoptosis in cerebrum after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats,and to investigate the possible mechanism of intensive training in recovery of motor function after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Methods To establish animal model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats,the intraluminal thread method was applied to cause left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h and before reperfusion.After cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model were established for 24 h,60 male model Wistar rats were randomly divided into training group 1 ( swimming for 5 min once a day),training group 2 ( swimming for 10 min once a day),training group 3 (swimming for 10 min twice a day) and control group (no training) ; another 15 rats assigned to the sham-operation group were subject to no MCAO and no training.Neurological function was evaluated by Garcia scores,and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) was performed to dectect the cortical cell apoptosis.Expressions of neural growth inhibition factor Sema 3A and its receptor NP-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The neurological function in sham-operation group was normal.The differences of Garcia scores at different time points beween sham-operation group and control group were significant (P ＜ 0.01 ).Garcia scores in all training groups,were significantly higher than those in controls at the 7th and 14th d after swimming training ( P ＜ 0.01 ),especially in training group 3 the Garcia scores were ( 12.80 ± 0.45 ),( 15.20 ± 0.45 ),( 16.80 ± 0.45 ),respectively,at the 3rd,7th and 14th d after swimming training.The rates of positive cell of Sema 3A,NP-1 and TUNEL indexes in all training groups were lower than those in controls at the 3rd,7th and 14th d after swimming training (P ＜ 0.01 ),especially in the training group 3.At the 3rd,7th and 14th d after swimming training in training group 3,the rates of TUNEL indexes positive apoptosis cells were ( 29.43 ± 1.38 ) ％,( 22.30 ± 1.21 ) ％,( 17.58 ± 1.70) ％,respectively,the positive cell rates of Sema 3A were ( 19.64 ± 1.17) ％,(9.73 ± 3.83)％,(8.24 ± 0.87)％,respectively,the positive cell rates of NP-1 were ( 33.95 ± 6.86) ％,( 27.95 ± 1.29 ) ％,( 18.90 ± 1.44 ) ％,respectively,the reduction of positive cells expressions in training group 3 was significantly more obvious compared with other training groups (P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05).Conclusions Rehabilitation training can reduce the expression of positive cell of Sema 3A,NP-1 and TUNEL indexes in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and can improve motor function recovery and facilitate neural plasticity.The more intensive the training,the better the effects.

Objective To retrospectively analyzed the current application of warfarin in hospitalized patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillationand ( NVAF), explore the key role of clinical pharmacists in warfarin medication. Methods A retrospective survey of anticoagulant therapy for 179 hospitalized patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation in Renming Hospotal of Wuhan University from January to December 2013 was retrived,including the usage of warfarin for NVAF and new-onset atrial fibrillation,dosage,international normalized ratio(INR),hemorrhage event and so on.The simple factor like the age,complicated chronic diseases and previous cerebrovascular events on the use of warfarin was explored. Results The total response rate to anticoagulants was 85.6% for patients with high risk of stroke(27.3% with warfarin and 58.3% with antiplatelet therapy),who are recommended to use warfarin,patient were treated with anti-thrombotic therapy.The total of 19.1% of the patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation used warfarin as therapy.The whole monitoring rate of INR was 89.8%,and the good control rate was 11.9%. Univariate analysis showed that some high risk factors such as age and high blood pressure affected the usage of warfarin. Conclusion The anti-thrombotic therapy for NVAF patients in the hospital is good,but usage of warfarin for those with new-onset atrial fibrillation is low,which couldn't reach the INR standard. More attention should be taken by the clinic pharmacists in effective managing the use of anticoagulant to build a safe,economic and effective medication system for warfarin application.

Objective To establish cell strain expressing the genes of HIV vpr and mutant HIV vpr-FS, and to explore cell apoptosis ability by HIV Vpr and Vpr-FS. Methods The recombinant plasmids were constructed by cloning HIV vpr and HIV vpr-FS genes into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1respectively. To determine the primary structures of HIV vpr and HIV vpr-FS, plasmids were cleaved by restriction enzymes. After the plasmids were transfected into HeLa cells by liposome, the HeLa cells were selected with G418 selective medium, mRNA expression of HIV vpr or HIV vpr-FS of transfected cells was detected by RT-PCR, and Vpr and Vpr-FS protein expression were detected by Western blot assay respectively. The DNA content and the percentage of apoptosis in HeLa HIV vpr cell, HeLa HIV vpr-FS cell and HeLa pcDNA3.1 cell were monitored by flow cytometry and the DNA fragmentation was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Results BamH Ⅰ and Hind Ⅲ cleavaged products of pcDNA3.1-vpr and pcDNA3.1-vpr-Fincluded 342 bp length fragments suggesting that the length of DNA sequence containing HIV vpr (HIV vpr-FS) within pcDNA3.1 was the same as theoretical length. The HeLa cells transfected by pcDNA3.1-vpr or pcDNA3, l-vpr-FS and selected with G418 could express HIV vpr or HIV vpr-FS by RT-PCR, and express HIV Vpr or HIV Vpr-FS protein by Western blot. The results of flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation showed that there was significant different in the number of apoptotic cells between HeLa HIV vpr cell and HeLa HIV vpr-FS cell, but the difference between HeLa HIV vpr-FS cell and control group was not obvious. Conclusion Recombinant plasmids pcDNA3.1-vpr and pcDNA3. 1-vpr-FS were constructed successfully, and the cell strain expressing HIV Vpr and HIV Vpr-FS proteins was established. The HIV Vpr could induce host cell apoptosis, while the mutant of Vpr did not or weakened this ability. This study provides foundation for further study on HIV vpr gene.

PURPOSE: Elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels is a biomarker for metabolic syndrome (MS); however, the relationship has not been fully investigated within the reference interval of ALT levels. Our objective was to explore the relationship between serum ALT levels within the reference interval and MS in Chinese adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 16028 adults, who attended routine health check-ups at Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital from January 2006 to March 2012. The reference interval of serum ALT level was defined as less than 40 U/L. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline were used to evaluate the association of ALT with MS. RESULTS: The prevalence of MS in the total population was 13.7% (6.4% for females and 18.4% for males). Multiple logistic regression showed that ALT levels were positively associated with MS after adjustment for potential confounding factors. The odds ratio of MS in the top quartile was 4.830 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.980–7.829] in females and 3.168 (95% CI: 2.649–3.790) in males, compared with the ALT levels in the bottom quartile. The restricted cubic spline models revealed a positive non-linear dose-response relationship between ALT levels and the risk of MS in women (p for nonlinearity was 0.0327), but a positive linear dose-response relationship in men (p for nonlinearity was 0.0659). CONCLUSION: Serum ALT levels within the reference interval are positively associated with MS in a dose-response manner. Elevated ALT levels, even within the reference interval, may reflect early dysmetabolic changes.
Adult ; Aged ; Alanine Transaminase/*blood ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Biomarkers/blood ; Confidence Intervals ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*enzymology/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Reference Values

This article was aimed to study immunomodulatory effect of chemical split fractions ofMori Cortex, in order to initially explain effective parts that played a role in immunomodulatory effect ofMori Cortex. The carbon clearance test, serum hemolysin test, E-rosette test, and lymphocyte transformation test were carried out to explore influence of these chemical split fractions ofMori Cortex on immune organs, nonspecific immunity, humoral immunity and cellular immunity. The results showed that in the carbon clearance test, 50% ethanol fraction markedly reduced the thymus index (P<0.01) and the correction indexα (P<0.05). In hemolysin test, the half value hemolysis (HC50) was improved by 30% ethanol fraction and fatty oil fraction (P<0.05). Besides, in the E-rosette test, the E-rosette ration was increased in the 30% ethanol fraction group (P<0.05). In the lymphocyte transformation test, the 30% ethanol fraction can promote the thymus and spleen lymphocytes proliferation (P<0.05 orP<0.01), while the 50% ethanol fraction inhibited the proliferation (P<0.05 orP<0.01). It was concluded that the 30% ethanol fraction can boost both the humoral immunity and cellular immunity; the 50% ethanol fraction can induce the growth of thymus with a suppressive effect on nonspecific immunity and cellular immunity; the fatty oil fraction can improve humoral immunity.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of anti-liver fibrosis Chinese patent drugs on renal hypofunction associated with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for 592 patients with ALD who were admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, from August 1, 2008 to March 1, 2016, and according to whether they were treated with Fuzheng Huayu capsules, Anluo Huaxian pills, or Fufang Biejia Ruangan tablets for ≥180 cumulative defined daily doses, they were divided into Chinese medicine group and control group. After propensity score matching at a ratio of 1∶1, two groups were obtained with 187 patients in each group. Related data were recorded, including medical history, drinking amount, routine blood test results, liver and renal function, coagulation, and abdominal imaging findings. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups; the Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the cumulative incidence rate of renal hypofunction between two groups. ResultsThere were no significant differences between the two groups in age, drinking amount, proportion of patients with hypertension or diabetes, baseline aspartate aminotransferase, estimated glomerular filtration rate, uric acid, and prothrombin time, and the patients were followed up for 36 months (range 23-54 months). Uric acid (hazard ratio ［HR］=1.003, 95% confidence interval ［CI］: 1001-1.005, P=0.001), prothrombin time (HR=1.103, 95%CI: 1.034-1.177, P=0.003), and red cell volume distribution width (HR=1.024, 95%CI: 1.011-1.038, P＜0.001) were independent risk factors for renal hypofunction in patients with ALD, and anti-liver fibrosis Chinese patent drug was an independent protective factor against renal hypofunction (HR=0.170, 95%CI: 0.053-0552, P=0.003). The Chinese medicine group had a significantly lower incidence rate of renal hypofunction than the control group (166% vs 32.1%, χ2=10.263, P=0.001). The subgroup analysis of the patients in the Chinese medicine group showed that Chinese medicine treatment for ＞24 months had the best effect (HR=0.210, 95%CI: 0.084-0.525, P=0.001). Compared with the control group, the Chinese medicine group had a significantly longer time to the onset of renal hypofunction (36 months vs 24 months, Z=-2.652, P=0.008). ConclusionAnti-liver fibrosis Chinese patent drugs can reduce the incidence rate and delay the onset of renal hypofunction in patients with ALD.

Objective : To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a split-virion quadrivalent influenza vaccine. Methods : The healthy people aged three years or over in Wuyang County and Xiping County of Henan Province were divided into the experimental group, control group 1 and control group 2, and were vaccinated with split-virion quadrivalent influenza vaccines, split-virion trivalent influenza vaccines (without B/Victoria) and a split-virion trivalent influenza vaccines (without B/Yamagata) , respectively. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies were detected before and after immunization. The incidence rate of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) , HI antibody positive conversion rate, the protection rate of HI antibodies and the growth of geometric mean titer (GMT) were calculated and compared with the standard of Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Results: Totally 2 924 people were recruited, with 975 in the experimental group, 974 in the control group 1 and 975 in control group 2. The incidence rate of AEFI in the experimental group was 11.7%, higher than 7.9% in control group 1 and 8.8% in control group 2 (P < 0.05) during 30 minutes and 8 days after inoculation. The positive conversion rates of HI antibodies of H1N1, H3N2, By and Bv in the experimental group were 78.5%, 53.3%, 78.3% and 62.9%, respectively. The rate differences of the positive conversion rates of HI antibodies of By between the experimental group and control group 2, and of Bv between the experimental group and control group 1 were 42.1% (95%CI: 38.0%-46.2%) and 33.2% (95%CI: 28.9%-37.5%) , with both lower limits of 95%CI more than -0.10. The GMT increase of HI antibodies was more than 2.5 times in the three groups. The protective rates of HI antibodies of H1N1, H3N2, By and Bv in the experimental group were 87.7%, 98.7%, 93.6% and 77.2%, respectively. The protective rates of HI antibodies of By in control group 2 and Bv in control group 1 were 71.1% and 51.0%, both lower than those in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Conclusions After the inoculation of the quadrivalent influenza vaccine, the positive conversion rates (>40%) , protection rates (>70%) and GMT increase (>2.5 times) of HI antibodies of H1N1, H3N2, By and Bv all meet the quality standards of FDA. The safety and immunogenicity of the quadrivalent influenza vaccine are not inferior to those of the trivalent influenza vaccine.

Objective To monitor the medication process of advanced lung cancer patients with renal insufficiency .Meth‐ods Pharmaceutical care ,pharmaceutical intervention and medication were offered according to the individual condition of pa‐tient with renal function based on pharmaceutical experience and related literature .Results The patient finished chemotherapy successfully without adverse reaction .Conclusion Clinical pharmacists should keep improving their knowledge and participat‐ing in first‐line clinical treatment activities;the patient‐centered hospital pharmacy service will be founded and the level of ra‐tional medication will be improved when doctors ,pharmacists and nurses could cooperate sincerely .

Calcium-binding protein is an indispensable protein which performs extensive and important functions in the growth of Schistosoma japonicum. Based on our primary study on tegument surface proteins of S. japonicun, a cDNA encoding a 66 kDa calcium-binding protein of S. japonicum (Chinese strain) was cloned, sequence analysis revealed that it was identical with that of SjIrV1 of Philippines strains S. japonicum. The expression of SjIrV1 were detected by Real-time PCR, using cDNA templates isolated from 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days worms and the results revealed that the gene was expressed in all investigated stages, and the mRNA level of SjIrV1 is much higher in 42 d female worms than that in 42 d male worms. The cDNA containing the open reading frame of IrV1 was subcloned into a pET28a (+) vector and transformed into competent Escherichia coli BL21 for expression. The recombinant protein was purified using a Ni-NTA purification system, and confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Western blotting analysis showed that recombinant SjIrV1 (rSjIrV1) could be recognized by the S. japonicum infected mouse serum and the mouse serum specific to rSjIrV1, respectively. Immunofluorescence observation exhibited that SjIrV1 was mainly distributed on the tegument of the 35-day adult worms. ELISA test revealed that IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies are significantly increased in the serum of rSjIrV1 vaccinated mice. The study suggested that rSjIrV1 might play an important role in the development of S. japonicum.
Animals ; Antibodies, Helminth ; blood ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Helminth Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Schistosoma japonicum ; genetics ; metabolism