The animals have made huge contribution for the medical research of human life, and researching on animal welfare is crucial for developing biomedicine and enhancing human health. However, during the research of medical experiment, abusing laboratory animals happens a lot, many of them have suffered great damage and pain, even lose lives. Consequently, the legal issues related to the protection of laboratory animals become the focus con-cerned by people. Through analyzing the legislation status and existing problems in our country, elaborating the rel-evant legal institutions in foreign countries, as well as using the successful legislative experiences from abroad, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the laboratory animal welfare act that accords with our national condition.

Objective To investigate the drug utilization of hospitalized children in psychiatric hospital and analyze its the rationality.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to survey the utilization of psychotropic drugs in hospitalized children between January 2016 and June 2016,and according to drug instruction,its the rational-ity was analyzed.Results The top three used psychotropic drugs were aripiprazole,sertraline and sodium valproic sustained -release tablets.The types of drugs without safety data were at most and most frequently used.Diagnosis was not consistent with indications for totally 12 kinds of drugs,aripiprazole involved the most cases.A total of 5 drugs existed usage not matching drug instruction,and sodium valproic sustained -release tablets accounted for the most. Conclusion Irrational use of drugs in psychiatric hospital is still common at present.Clinical pharmacists can improve rationality of drug utilization of hospitalized children in psychiatric hospital by creating a drug database and carrying out pharmaceutical care.

Objective To explore the effect of anti-retroviral therapy on interleukin(IL)-7/IL-7R in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected patients in China.Methods Cases were divided into 2 groups:HIV-infected group (35 cases),and control group (30 cases).IL-7 in serum,IL-7R(CD127) expression in CD4 +T cells,and CD4 +T cells count were detected and compared between two groups before and after treatment for 1 year.Results IL-7 level in the serum of HIV infected group before treatment [(8.98 ±3.77) pg/ml] was significantly higher than that in control group [(3.84 ±0.86) pg/ml] (P ＜0.05).The counts of CD4+T cells [(202.65 ± 121.54)/μl],CD4 + CD127 + T cells [(60.25 ± 11.75) ％],and CD8 + CD127 + T cells [(46.27 ± 12.10)％] in HIV-infected group were significantly lower than those in control group [(766.99 ± 103.21)/L,(76.89 ± 20.01) ％,(81.27 ± 12.35)％] (P ＜0.05).After anti-retroviral therapy (ART),IL-7 level in the serum of HIV-infected group[(5.55 ± 1.35) pg/ml]was decreased,and CD4+T cells [(450.58 ± 15)/μl],CD4 + CD127 +T cells [(69.82 ± 15.24)％],and [CD8 + CD127 + T(59.23± 14.73) ％] cells was increased in HIV-infected group,with a significant difference between two groups (P ＜0.05).Conclusions ART could improve the IL-7 level in the serum and IL-7R(CD127)expression in CD4 +T cells of HIV-infected patients.However,they still cannot become normal level.

Objective To research the resilience and related factors of the rescue soldiers. Methods Resilience Scale for Adults( RSA ), Self-report Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ) and Coping Style Questionnaire were applied in this survey to 1401 rescue soldiers. Results ①The soldiers' resilience score was (2.49±0.57) ,significantly lower than college students( t= 16.619, P=0. 000).The rescue soldiers with the year in army above 3 were significantly higher than that below 2 years in social competence( t=2.581, P=0.01 ) ,social resources( t=2. 158, P=0.031 ) ,structured style( t=3.254, P=0.001 ) and RSA scores(t=2.455, P=0.014). There exist significantly differences in various education level of the rescue soldiers in perception of self(t=3.732, P=0.024), planned of future ( t = 9.324, P = 0.000 ) , social competence ( t = 8. 838, P = 0.000 ), social resources ( t = 13. 660, P = 0. 000 ) and RSA scores (t=9.805, P=0.000) , and college ≥ senior high school ≥ junior high school. ②Compared to the lower group in the RSA, the higher group scored significantly higher in extraversion (t=16. 204, P=0.000) and positive coping( t = - 18. 171, P=0.000), while lower in SCL-90 (t=8.461, P=0.000) and neuroticism (t=8.833, P=0.000 ).③Resilience have the obvious positive correlation with the education ( r= 0. 116 ), extraversion ( r= 0. 463 ) and positive coping(r=0.500) ,and negative correlation with the neuroticism(r=-0.251 ) and SCL-90( r= -0.260). It can be assumed that positive coping,extraversion and neuroticism had good predictive ability(35.9％) to resilience. Conclusion The rescue soldiers have low resilience than college students, positive coping, extraversion, and neuroticism are important psychological factors for rescue soldiers.

Objective:To assess the left ventricular (LV) systolic function in amateur marathoners by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.Methods:A total of 59 amateur marathon runners were recruited from January 2019 to June 2020 in Hangzhou and were divided into group A (>2-5 years) and group B (>5 years) based on their time of participating in marathon. Thirty-one healthy volunteers were enrolled from Affiliate Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University during the same period as a control group. Conventional echocardiography combined with two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging were applied to all the subjects to obtain interventricular septum diastolic thickness (IVSd), LV posterior wall thickness(PWd), LV end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd), relative wall thickness(RWT) and LV mass(LVM), LV end-diastolic volume(EDV), LV end-systolic volume(ESV) and stroke volume(SV), LV ejection fraction(LVEF), LV global longitudinal strain (GLS), and global circumferential strain (GCS). Pre-marathon, 1 hour and 4th day post-marathon echocardiography were performed in amateur marathon runners.Results:Compared with the control group, group A amateur marathon runners showed significant increases in IVSd, PWd, LVEDd, RWT and LVM(all P<0.05); In addition, the IVSd, PWd, LVEDd, RWT, LVM, EDV, ESV and SV in group B runners were further increased compared to those of group A runners (all P<0.01). The LVEF and pre-marathon GCS showed no statistically significant differences among the three groups (all P>0.05), while the pre-marathon GLS showed a statistically significant difference among the three groups ( P<0.01). Compared with group A runners, the pre-marathon, 1 hour and 4th day post-marathon GLS and 1 hour post-marathon GCS were significantly decreased in group B runners (all P<0.01); In intra-group comparison, 1 hour post-marathon GLS was significantly decreased in relative to pre-marathon and 4th day post-marathon GLS in both group A and B (all P<0.05). One hour post-marathon GCS was significantly decreased compared with pre-marathon GCS in group B ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Amateur runners who have participated in long time marathon have reduced LV longitudinal strains and transient post-marathon decreases in LV systolic function.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references and suggestions for expiration date management of dismounted drugs in China.METHODS:The main contents about compliance policy for expiration date of repackaged drugs in America were summarized.The current situation and problems of expiration date management of dismounted drugs in China were analyzed to provide suggestions for standardizing expiration date management of dismounted drugs in China.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The compliance policy for expiration date of repackaged drugs in America contain determination principle of expiration date of repackaged drugs,repackaged container standard,etc.In contrast,the expiration date management of dismounted drugs in China is lack of specific standards and requirements;major issues are as follows as the concept of expiration date of dismounted drugs is ambiguous and container management is not standardized.It is suggested that relevant departments can refer to compliance policy for expiration date of repackaged drugs in America,define the method of determining the expiration date of the dismounted drugs,and standardize the standards and management of packaging containers so as to standardize expiration date management of dismounted drugs in China practically.

Objective To investigate the potential role of CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16)/CXC chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) pathway in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods 8?week old male db/db mice were randomly divided into DN group and DN inflamed group. 10% casein was subcutaneously injected to induce the DN mouse model with inflammation. In vitro, HK?2 cells were treated with high glucose (HG), and IL?1β+HG to investigate the effect of inflammatory stress on HK?2 cells. Further knockdown CXCL16 was mediated by RNA interference to determine the effects of CXCl16, then cells were divided into HG+IL?1βgroup, HG+IL?1β + siCXCL16 group and HG + IL?1β + vehicle group. Changes of renal function in mice were assessed by 24 h proteinuria and N?acetyl?β?D?glucosaminidase (NAG) during 8 weeks. The ultra?microstructure was checked by electron microscopy at 8th week. Lipid accumulation in kidneys and HK?2 were observed by Filipin staining and quantitative assay of intracellular free cholesterol. The protein expressions of CXCl16, CXCR6, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase?10 (ADAM10), fibronectin and α smooth muscle actin (α?SMA) in renal tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The mRNA and protein expressions of CXCl16, CXCR6, ADAM10, fibronectin andα?SMA in HK?2 cells were detected by real?time PCR and Western blotting, and protein expressions of CXCl16, CXCR6 and ADAM10 in HK?2 cells were also tested by cell immunofluorescence. Results Mice in DN inflamed group had higher 24 h proteinuria and NAG than those in DN group, and the differences between two groups shown statistical significance at 8th week (all P<0.05). Compared with DN mice, DN inflamed mice had more vacuoles within renal tubular cells, with mitochondrial swelling, deformation and decrease. Lipid accumulation and protein expressions of fibronectin and α?SMA were increased in DN inflamed group when compared with DN group (all P<0.05). Further, the expressions of CXCL16, CXCR6, ADAM10 were significantly increased in DN inflamed group (all P<0.05). In vitro, the mRNA and protein expressions of CXCL16, CXCR6, ADAM10, fibronectin and α?SMA, and lipid accumulation were increased in high glucose plus IL?1βgroup when compared with high glucose group (all P<0.05). However, after siRNA of CXCL16 transfection, the mRNA and protein expressions of CXCL16, CXCR6, ADAM10, fibronectin andα?SMA were down?regulated in HG+IL?1β+siCXCL16 group as compared with high glucose+IL?1βgroup (all P<0.05). Furthermore, lipid accumulation was decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Inflammation accelerates tubulointerstitial injury in DN partly through the activation of CXCL16 pathway, which may facilitate the lipid accumulation in tubular epithelial cells.

Objective To sum up nursing experience of cerebrospinal fluid drainage in patients with aortic dissection with paraplegia after sun′s operation. Methods Retrospective analysis of 17 cases of clinical nursing care from January 2014 to December 2016, summing up related nursing experience includingintensive care of cerebrospinal fluid drainage, observation of limb movement and muscle strength, monitoring complications, maintain stable hemodynamics, strengthen the life nursing during hospitalization, in order to ensure the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid. Results 2 deaths, Recovery of different degrees of paraplegia or paresis in 12 and persistent paraplegia in 12 out of the other 15 patients, 9 patients recovered and discharged,6 cases transferred to rehabilitation hospital. Conclusions Careful nursing of cerebrospinal fluid drainage can improve paraplegia or lower extremity paresis caused by spinal cord ischemia,and promote patients′rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the main allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Zhengzhou district.

METHODSTwenty standardization allergens were used to perform skin prick test in 1 139 patients with allergic rhinitis. The samples were divided into four groups according to the age of the patients. The distributions of different allergens in the four groups were analyzed.

RESULTSThe top five inhaled allergens were dermatophagoides farina (920 cases, 80.8%), dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (870 cases, 76.4%), cat hair (517 cases, 45.4%), herbs (397 cases, 34.9%) and poaceae (353 cases, 31.0%); the top five ingestive ones were shrimp (143 cases, 12.6%), peanut (66 cases, 5.8%), egg (56 cases, 4.9%), carp (51 cases, 4.5%) and meat (48 cases, 4.2%). The distribution of allergens was different among the different age groups.

CONCLUSIONDust mites, cat hair, herbs and poaceae were the most common allergens in Zhengzhou district.

Allergens ; Animals ; Cats ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ; Hair ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Pyroglyphidae ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; epidemiology ; Skin Tests

Objective: To investigate breakfast status and influencing factors among children aged 6-17 in China in 2010-2012. Methods: Data were collected from China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012. By using multi-stage stratified sampling and population proportional stratified random sampling method, the research objects were 29 393 children, who aged 6 to 17 y from 150 sites in 31 provinces in mainland China. The information of breakfast frequency and the numbers of breakfast dinning out (in restaurant and at schools) in the past week with seven days were collected by questionnaire; and compared by different ages, genders and areas. Results: During the past week, 91.1% (26 776/29 393) of the children aged 6 to 17 y had their breakfast daily, and 94.6% (13 457/14 221) of children aged 6 to 11 y was higher than 87.8% (13 319/15 172) of children aged 12 to 17 y, the highest proportion of the children never eat breakfast (0 time in the past week) found in poor rural areas was 3.6% (189/5 261), the ratio of big cities, small-medium cities and normal rural areas was 1.1% (77/7 104), 0.6% (51/8 361), and 0.6% (54/8 667), respectively (P<0.001). The rate of boys and girls ate their breakfast daily in the past week were 91.3% (13 481/14 761), and 90.9% (13 295/14 632), respectively (P>0.05). Totally 42.2% (12 398/29 393) of children ate breakfast outside-home (the restaurant and the school) in the past week, the percentage of children aged 12 to 17 y and poor rural areas was higher, 50.9% (7 722/15 172), and 52.4% (2 756/5 261), respectively (P<0.001). 42.1% (6 208/14 761) boys and 42.3% (6 190/14 632) girls ate their breakfast outside-home (P>0.05). The place of most school-age children eat outside-home was school, the ratio was 32.2% (9 477/29 393). Conclusion It was common for school-aged children in China to skip breakfast during their daily lives, especially in poor rural areas and older children, lots of school-aged children ate breakfast outside-home, and most of them ate breakfast in school.