Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV)is one of the most common pathogens of community acquired respiratory infection.The epidemiology and clinical features vary in different subtypes.HPIV also affect other systems except respiratory system.The sequences of nucleotide and amino acid showed high identity among the strains in the same type,while remaining some variation.Most research shows the variation associated with time and district.Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase(HN) protein shows most polymorphic among all the proteins of HPIV.Some amino acid variation among the active site of HN protein will affect its activity.The influence of many gene mutations,which lead to amino acid variation,and affect the activity of HN protein remains uncertain.Further study on the epidemiology,clinical features,phylogenetics analysis of HPIV plays an important role in the prevention and control of its prevalence.

Drug resistance is one of the major obstacles for chemotherapy and targeted therapy in lung cancer with complex mechanisms.The researches have demonstrated that epigenetic changes are closely related to drug resistance of tumor.DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification.In this paper, the relationships between hMLH1 promoter aberrant methylation and platinum-resistance, and DAPK promoter aberrant methylation and EGFR-TKI resistance in lung cancer will be briefly reviewed.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of antibiotics during perioperative period of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE). METHODS:After full evaluation of 1 cases of primary liver cancerpatient’s conditions,the optimal clinical evidences were retrieved and evaluated,which were related to antibiotics regimen during perioperative period of TACE. Us-ing“hepatocellular carcinoma”“antibiotic prophylaxis”“hepatic cancer”“TACE”as subjects,the evidence were retrieved from Co-chrane Library(issue 4,2015),Medline(1980 to 2015)and CJFD(1990 to 2015)and then evaluated. RESULTS:1 meta-analy-sis or systematic review,10 RCTs and 2 practice guidelines were identified. This patient didn’t need to use antibiotics to prevent in-fection according to literature analysis. CONCLUSIONS:The rational treatment plan according to evidence-based medicine methods for patients can not only promote the rational use of antibiotics,reduce bacterial drug resistence and treatment cost,but also guide both doctors and patients to take the indeterminate risk of medicine.

Objective To study the influence of small interfering RNA(siRNA) inhibiting Jumonji-containing JMJD3 gene on growth,proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Methods JMJD3 was silenced by RNA interference(siR-JMJD3),non-specificity sequence pSilercer 2.1 was transfected into liver cancer cells QGY 7703 and HepG2 cells as the negative control.MTT assay,colony formation and Transwell invasion assays were used to detect the cell growth,proliferation and invasion ability of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Results The Western Blot detection results showed that the siR-JMJD3 plasmid transfected experiment group successfully inhibited the JMJD3 protein expression level in liver cancer cells.The MTT results showed that after transfecting siR-JMJD3,the growth activity of QGY-7703 and HepG2 were decreased by 25% or 17% compared with the control group,.The colony formation results showed that in the colony formation number of two cell lines were decreased by 31% and 25% respectively.The Transwell invasion test results indicated that transmembrane cells number was decreased by 44% and 47% respectively.Conclusion Using siRNA technique can effectively inhibit JMJD3 gene expression,meanwhile effectively inhibits the in vitro growth,proliferation and invasion of liver cancer cells QGY-7703 and HepG2 and provides a new thinking for the biological therapy of liver cancer.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the general regularity and characteristics of ADR induced by quinolones,and to pro-vide reference for rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS:A total of 84 quinolones-induced ADR reports in our hospital from 2011 to 2014 were analyzed statistically in respects of general information,drug use,organs/systems involved in ADR,clinical manifestations,outcome and DDDs. RESULTS:The adverse reactions were caused by 7 kinds of drugs,among which 89.29% of them were caused by intravenous injections,manifesting as lesion of skin and its appendants,digestive system and nervous system injury,etc. The proportion of female patients(60.71%)was higher than that of male(39.29%). No serious ADR was found,and all patients were recovered or cured. CONCLUSIONS:Gatifloxacin injection shows the low safety. The monitoring of ADR in-duced by quinolones should be strengthened to ensure the safe and effective use of drugs.

Host cell proteins(HCPs) of biological products are endogenous host proteins expressed by host cells or produced when they die during the production of biological products. Incomplete elimination of HCPs is the main factor causing allergy or other adverse reactions. The analytical methods for HCPs mainly include SDS-PAGE, Western blot(WB), two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2DE), ELISA, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and so on. Electrophoresis can provide qualitative and semi-quantitative determination for proteins, but the resolution and accuracy are low. ELISA has good reproducibility and high sensitivity, and is most widely used at present. Chromatography and mass spectrometry have high separation and resolution as well as accurate quantification, but high application cost. ELISA was used to determine HCPs in recombinant biological products in the general rules <3412>, <3413> and <3414> of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(Volume Ⅲ, 2020 edition)and United States Pharmacopoeia(USP) <1132>. Analysis of HCPs components is helpful to improve the coverage of antiHCPs antibody and the sensitivity and specificity of detection methods. Traditional analytical methods can only qualitatively analyze HCPs, but cannot perform quantitative determination and characterization. Based on electrophoresis technology and mass spectrometry technology, combined with the development trend of HCPs component analysis at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the relevant HCPs analysis method to provide a reference for the verification of HCPs in the research and production process of biological products.

Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease at present. In past decade, the efficacies of treatment and patients' survivals have been greatly improved due to the application of high dose chemotherapy followed by stem cell transplantation, novel agents and their combinations. To further improve the outcomes of patients with MM, we should emphasize on exploration of the new treatment strategies, individualization of regimens and development of new targets.

The animals have made huge contribution for the medical research of human life, and researching on animal welfare is crucial for developing biomedicine and enhancing human health. However, during the research of medical experiment, abusing laboratory animals happens a lot, many of them have suffered great damage and pain, even lose lives. Consequently, the legal issues related to the protection of laboratory animals become the focus con-cerned by people. Through analyzing the legislation status and existing problems in our country, elaborating the rel-evant legal institutions in foreign countries, as well as using the successful legislative experiences from abroad, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the laboratory animal welfare act that accords with our national condition.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcome of women in China by Meta analysis.Methods Meta analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes from January 2010 to January 2015.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,124 articles were retrieved,and 38 articles were excluded.14 papers were included in this study.Results There was strong correlation between fetal abnormalities and adverse pregnancy outcomes.And the maternal history of abortion and adverse pregnancy outcomes were not related.There was strong association between multiple pregnancy,syphilis infection and adverse pregnancy outcome,and there was moderate correlation between the high blood pressure in pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcome.Abnormal fetal position,the OR value was 3.48 (2.70 -4.43),history of abortion OR value was 1.14 (0.90 -91.44),gestational hypertension OR value was 2.88 (1.69 -4.92),multiple births OR value was 6.40 (2.05 -20.01),syphilis OR value was 5.54 (1.64 -18.64).Conclusion The risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes from strong to weak are as follows:multifetal pregnancy,syphilis infection,abnormal fetal position and hyper-tensive disorder complicating pregnancy.

Objective To study the anti-aging effect of total saponins of Polygala tenuifolia (PTS). Methods The effects of total saponins of Polygala tenuifolia on oxygen free radicals were investigated by the methods of scavenging hydroxyl radical, superoxide radical and DPPH oxygen free radicals in vitro. The photoaging model of mice skin was established to observe the effect of total saponins of Polygala tenuifolia on mouse skin pathology. Results In the experiment of antioxidation in vitro, the total saponins of Polygala tenuiflora significantly scavenged hydroxyl free radicals (P<0.05, P<0.001) and superoxide radical (P<0.01) at 6.0 and 12.0mg/mL, DPPH free radicals (P<0.001). In the light aging experiment, the light aging model of mice skin was established successfully in group B (model + medium tea oil). Compared with group B, the density of the skin epidermis in D group (30 min before irradiation, 6mg/mL PTS) was thickened, the elastic fibers were arranged uniformly and tightly, the collagen fibers proliferated significantly and densely, and the inflammatory cells infiltration was not found. The treatment effect was most remarkable in group G (30min after irradiation, PTS 12mg/mL PTS), and the skin of the mice was thickened, the elastic fibers were evenly arranged, the collagen fibers had some hyperplasia, evenly distributed, and there was no infiltration of inflammatory cells, which had significant therapeutic effect. Conclusion The total saponins of Polygala tenuifoliahas significant antioxidant activity and anti - light aging effect.