BACKGROUND:In the treatment of early caries, fluoride can be used for remineralization of white spot lesions. Varnish XT (durable fluoride-releasing coating) and ICON penetration resins are two new materials. Varnish XT as a new type of resin reinforced glass ionomer can be selected as mineralized material. ICON penetration resin is a high-permeability resin with good liquidity that can infiltrate by capilary action into the pores created by enamel demineralization. Low-viscosity resin is used to replace the lost hard tissue due to demineralization and occupy the micropores, so as to fil the region of enamel demineralization and prevent further development of lesions. OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of two minimaly invasive surgical treatment materials, Varnish XT and ICON penetrating resin, on the microhardness of enamel caries white spot. METHODS:Totaly 100 incisors of cows were selected, embedded with ethoxyline resin and polished. The lip side facing down served as the observation side. An area of at least 6 mm×10 mm on the enamel face was exposed, and there were five regions from incisal to dental cervix, A, B, C, D, E. After demineralization liquid for artificial caries, no treatment was adopted in region A, treatment with Varnish XT was for region B, treatment with ICON penetrating resin for region C, treatment with fluoride for region D, and region E was sealed with antacid nail. Surface micro-hardness was detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After demineralization, surface micro-hardness of regions A, B, C, D decreases remarkably as compared with region E (P < 0.05). Surface micro-hardness of regions B, C, D was higher than that of region A, and ranged as folows: C > B and D for surface micro-hardness with statistical significance (P < 0.05). There was no statistical significance of surface micro-hardness between regions B and D (P > 0.05). ICON resin infiltration, Varnish XT and fluoride have obvious improvement effects on surface micro-hardness, and ICON resin infiltration is superior to Varnish XT and fluoride.

Objective To explore the methods and mesures for the pre-analytical quality control of test specimen and to improve the accuracy and reliability of test results.Methods According to the relevant requirements of IS015189,various measures for the specimen circulation process and collection technology two aspects were taken to control the full links of clinical specimen collection and transport,and the incidence of unqualified specimen before and after the improvements were analyzed.Results After the imple-mentation of the improvement measures,the incidence of unqualified specimens was decreased significantly.Conclusion Implemen-tation of the whole aspect of pre-analytical quality control can effectively improve the quality of specimen in order to improve the test quality.

Objective To explore the sensitivity of a little amount of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) between CT and different MR sequences through animal experiment,to find a more sensitive way to diagnosis SAH.Methods 18 healthy adult white New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two experimental groups(group A and group B) and one control group(group C).Rabbit SAH model was established by injecting blood into the cisterna magna one time.All rabbits underwent CT and MR scan at 2 hours,48 hours after operation.The findings on CT and different MR sequences were observed and recorded.Results ①In experimental groups(group A and group B),MR FLAIR sequences in the diagnosis of a little amount of SAH was more sensitive than that on MR T1WI,T2WI and CT in acute phase.And the diagnosis sensitivity between MR FLAIR and CT was statistically significant(P<0.05).②Abnormal signs of SAH could not be found in group C.Conclusion ①Rabbit SAH model was established successfully which will be the foundation for the follow-up study of medical imaging.②MR FLAIR sequence is more sensitive to diagnose a little amount of SAH in acute phase,and may be used in the routine diagnosis of SAH in acute phase.

Objective To analyze the clinical and laboratory manifestations of primary Sj(o)gren's syndrom (pSS) with neurological involvement.Methods One hundred and forty eight patients fulfilling the 2002 American-European pSS classification criteria were retrospectively analyzed.Neurological manifestations were diagnosed based on the clinical,biological,electrophysiological,and imaging findings.Biographical,clinical,and laboratory data were compared between patients with and without neurological manifestations.Statistical methods used were Mann-Whitney U test,Chi-square test and Fisher exact probability.Results The prevalence of neurological involvement in pSS was 20.3％ (30/148),and the incidence of peripheral neuropathy,the central neuropathy and combination of the central neuropathy with peripheral neuropathy were 10.1％(15/148),9.5％(14/148) and 0.7％(1/148),respectively.The clinical spectrum of peripheral neuropathies encountered in Sj(o)gren's syndrome (SS) patients varied,with the pure sensory neuropathies being the most common,followed by sensorimotor neurophathies.Motor neuron disease was the most common type of central neurophathies.Compared with those without neurological manifestations,the duration of peripheral nerve system/central nerve system (PNS/CNS)-pSS patients was relatively short [(55±76) months vs (100±108) months,Z=-2.682,P＜0.05],and the antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer and RF titer were lower [(234±248) vs (377±339),Z=-2.008,P＜0.05;(126±279) U/ml vs (359±1 445) U/ml,Z=-2.243,P＜0.05].In PNS/CNS-pSS patients,the most common clinical manifestations included numbness (50％),pain (23％),and muscle weakness (63％).Conclusion The prevalence of neurological involvement in pSS is high.The duration is relatively short and the disease activity is high,but the disease features are atypical and may be neglected by rheumatologists.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Smac and HtrA2 in children with acute leukemia(AL).Methods Bone marrow samples were obtained from 77 children with AL (including 32 newly diagnosed children,33 complete remission children and 12 relapsed children)and the control group of 15 children without malignant blood disease.The expressions of Smac and HtrA2 protein were measured by streptavidin/peroxidase immunoperoxidase technique(SP) in all children.SPSS 13.0 software was applied to analyze the statistical data.Results Protein Smac was detected only in some samples,but HtrA2 was detected in all samples.The levels of Smac and HtrA2 protein in newly diagnosed AL children were both higher than those of the complete remission children (x2 =17.38,F =2.36,all P ＜ 0.05) and normal controls (x2 =12.89,F =5.26,all P ＜ 0.05),there was a statistical significance,but compared with those in the relapsed children,the difference had no statistical significance (x2 =1.18,F =1.57,all P ＞ 0.05).The levels of Smac and HtrA2 protein in complete remission children were both higher than those of the normal controls,and the difference had no statistical sigmficance(x2 =1.20,F =2.23,all P ＞ 0.05).In the newly diagnosed children,the levels of Smac and HtrA2 protein in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL) were higher than those of the acute myeloid leukemia(AML),but the differences had no statistical significance(x2 =0.113,t =1.024,all P ＞ 0.05).In newly diagnosed AL children,the complete remission(CR) rate of the negative expression of Smac(Smac-,90.9％) and the low expression of HtrA2(HtrA2low,84.6％) in the level of protein were higher than those of the positive expression of Smac(Smac +,47.6％) and the high expression of HtrA2 (HtrA2high,47.4％),and there was statistical significance respectively(x2 =5.772,4.596,all P ＜ 0.05).The CR rate of Smac-HtrA2low group (100％) was higher than that of Smac+ HtrA2high group(30.8％)in the children with AL,and the statistical data were of great significance(x =9.692,P ＜0.01).The protein level of Smac in newly diagnosed AL children was correlatedwith HtrA2 (r =0.979,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions Pro-apoptotic protein Smac and HtrA2 may be involved in and af-fected each other in the pathogenesis and progression in AL,but levels of Smac and HtrA2 protein may be not correlatedwith the types of AL.In newly diagnosed AL children,the high expression of protein Smac and HtrA2 predicts poorprognosis.

BACKGROUND:Stem cels from the apical papila are a new kind of mesenchymal stem cels, and whether it can
be used in root regeneration is the key to the present study. OBJECTIVE:To culture rat stem cels from the apical papila and periodontal ligament stem celsin vitro, and to compare the biology behaviors of these two kinds of cels, thereby providing experimental basis for the application of stem cels from the apical papila in root regeneration. METHODS:The apical papila, as wel as the periodontal ligament tissues from the healthy mandibular teeth of young rats were digested and cultured. Immunophenotypes of stem cels from the apical papila and periodontal ligament stem cels were detected by immunofluorescence technique. Then, cel growth curves were determined by MTT method and mineralized nodule formation was observed by alizarin red staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Stem cels from the apical papila and periodontal ligament stem cels were both positive for STRO-1. Stem cels from the apical papila were positive for CD90 and weakly positive for CD146. Periodontal ligament stem cels were positive for CD146 and weakly positive for CD90. The absorbance values of stem cels from the apical papila and periodontal ligament stem cels increased with the increasing of time and became stable at 8 days. Since the 4th day, the proliferation capacity of stem cels from the apical papila was significantly stronger than that of periodontal ligament stem cels (P < 0.05). Both of stem cels are visible to have mineralized nodule formation. Compared with the periodontal ligament stem cels, stem cels from the apical papila were stained obviously deeper and had more mineralized nodules. These results show that stem cels from the apical papila have stronger proliferation capacity and mineralization ability than periodontal ligament stem cels. Cite this article:Zhao L, Yu L, Yuan P, Zhou CM, Wu PL.Stem cels from the apical papila versus periodontal ligament stem cels: biological behaviors. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2016;20(1):113-117.

OBJECTIVEWe explored the expressions of the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways and their significance in the repair process of alveolar bone defects by establishing animal models with a composite of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to repair bone defects in the extraction sockets of rabbits.

METHODSA total of 36 two-month-old male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, and the left mandibular incisors of all the rabbits were subjected to minimally invasive removalunder general anesthesia. BMSC-PRF compounds, single PRF, and single BMSC were implanted in Groups A, B, and C. No material was implanted in Group D (blank control). The animals were sacrificed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery, the bone defect was immediately drawn, and the bone specimens underwent surgery after four, eight, and twelve weeks, with three rabbits per time point. The expressions of Notch1 and Wnt3a in the repair process of the bone defect were measured via immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence detection.

RESULTSImmunohistochemistry showed that the expressions of Notch1 and Wnt3a in Groups A, B, and C were higher than that in Group D at the fourth and eighth week after operation (P<0.05). By contrast, the expressions of Notch1 and Wnt3a in Group D were higher than those in Groups A, B, and C at the twelfth week (P<0.05). Immunofluorescence showed that the expressions of both Notch1 and Wnt3a reached their peaks in the new bone cells of the bone defect after four weeks following surgery and gradually disappeared when the bone was repaired completely.

CONCLUSIONNotch1 and Wnt3a signaling molecules are expressed in the process of repairing bone defects using BMSC-PRF composites and can accelerate the healing by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. Moreover, the expressions of Notch and Wnt are similar, and a crosstalk between them may exist it.

Alveolar Bone Grafting ; methods ; Animals ; Blood Platelets ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Bone and Bones ; abnormalities ; Cell Differentiation ; Fibrin ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Receptor, Notch1 ; metabolism ; Tissue Engineering ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; Wnt3A Protein ; metabolism ; Wound Healing

Objective To analyze the CT imaging features of Castleman disease and enhance our knowledge of Castleman disease.Methods Twenty two patients with lymph node biopsy-proved or surgeryproved Castleman disease were retrospectively reviewed in this study.Of the 22 patients,18 had localized lesion and 4 patients had multicentric lesions.Correlation was made between CT and pathologic findings.Results Eighteen patients with localized Castleman disease had the hyaline-vascular type and showed well-circumscribed masses with soft-tissue density [mean CT value,(45 ± 16) HU],punctate or bifurcate calcification and linear low-density areas on non-enhanced CT images.All localized masses showed significant enhancementwith an increase of(56 ± 22)HU on arterial phase and showed residual enhancement and some low-density areas on delayed phase.Enhancing patterns were variable,including homogeneous enhancement,gradual enhancement from the edge to the center of mass and heterogeneous enhancement.Four patients with localized lesion demonstrated enhancing vessels around masses.Four patients with muhicentric CD belonged to the plasma cell type and had multiple enlarged lymph nodes.Plasma cell type masses with homogeneous density also showed enhancement after injection of contrast media but appeared to reveal a less increase of (32 ± 10) HU than the hyaline vascular type.Conclusions The localized Castleman disease showed certain characteristics on CT imaging includingcalcification and contrast enhancing patterns,which could help in the differential diagnosis of this disease.The muhicentric Castleman disease did not reveal any useful imaging features.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the differences of sleep respiratory parameters recorded by PSG and synchronous blood pressure measured by ambulatory blood pressure monitor between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients with hypertension (HT) and simple OSA and simple HT; To determine the characteristics of sleep respiratory parameters and blood pressure changes in patient with OSA accompanied HT. METHOD: We chose the patients who were diagnosed simple HT (n=45) and simple OSA (n=50) and OSA with HT (n=56), Compared the sleep respiratory parameters and blood pressure changes between the three groups. Meanwhile the correlations about the sleep respiratory parameters and synchronization blood pressure were analyzed. RESULT: Compared with simple HT and simple OSA, OSA with HT has higher apnea hyponea Index (AHI) (P<0. 001), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), awake index (AI), wake after sleep onset (WASO) and the proportion of non-rapid eyemovement sleepl (N1) in total sleep time(TST), has lower mean arterial oxygen saturation (MSaO2), lowest arterial saturation oxygen (LSaO2), the proportion of slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eyemovement sleep (REM) in TST (P<0. 05). There were positive correlations between the systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/ DBP) and AHI, ODI, AI, WASO and N1/TST (P<0. 05). Compared with simple OSA, the mean day systolic blood pressure (dMSP), mean night systolic blood pressure (nMSP), mean day diastolic blood pressure (dMDP), mean night diastolic blood pressure (nMDP) and mean night diastolic blood pressure (nMDP) were significantly decre- sed, meanwhile the difference between the average systolic/diastolic blood pressure day and night were significantly increased after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. OSA with HT has higher There were negative correlations between the SBP/DBP and MSaO2, LSaO2 (P<0. 05). Blood pressure mainly changed in the later sleep stage when the REM phase was increased. Blood pressure changes were characteristic of increasing DBP and decreasing SaO2. CONCLUSION There are significant differences between simple OSA and OSA with HT in the sleep respiratory parameters, which are closely related with changes of blood pressure in sleep stage; AHI is the high risk factor of the OSA with HT. PSG is a effective factor in estimating the OSA accompanied HT course of development and prognosis.
Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Polysomnography ; Sleep ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications ; diagnosis ; Sleep Stages

Objective To study the relationship between DNA methylation and pathogenesis of childhood immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) by examining the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1(Dnmt1) and DNA methyltransferase 3a (Dnmt3a) mRNA in peripheral blood lymphocytes of the children with ITP. Methods Expression of Dnmt 1 and Dnmt3a mRNA in the peripheral blood lymphocytes in 36 children with newly diagnosed ITP and 26 healthy children were detected using RT-PCR. Results Dnmt1 mRNA expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes in children diagnosed with ITP was 3.02±0.49, significantly lower than 4.58±0.52 in the control group (t=11.95, P<0.001). Dnmt3a mRNA expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes in children diagnosed with ITP was 1.49±0.44, signiifcantly lower than 2.41±0.32 in the control group (t=9.12, P<0.001). Conclusions Children with newly diagnosed ITP have lower DNA methylation status in peripheral blood lymphocytes as compared to that in healthy children. The DNA methylation may play an important role in the etiology of acute ITP in children.