Objective To evaluate the serum Level of B-natriure peptide(BNP)in elderly patients with Left Ventricular dysfunction and to determine the correlation between the BNPand hemodynamic Variable.Methods According to New York Heart Association(NYHA)class.51 patients with Left Ventricular dysfunction and 28 without Left Ventricular dysfunction(control group)were measured.BNP Levels were obtained,Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was assessed by echocardiography,center vein pressure(CVP)was determined in NYHA Class Ⅲ-Ⅳ groups.Results BNP were (39.32?5.51)ng/L in control group,respectively(265.94?63.13)ng/L in NYHA ClassⅡgroup(n=18),(569.93?109.17)ng/L 、CVP was(9.67?1.23)cmH_2O in NYHA class Ⅲ group,(2 764.33?1 020.53)、CVP was(19.61?4.57)cmH_2O in NYHA class Ⅳ.The difference of BNP and CVP in groups were scegnificant(all P

Exosomes are nanosized membrane microvesicles secreted by various living cells.They contain proteins,lipids,RNA,and a variety of other biological macromolecules.Exosomes play an important role in many pathological and physiological processes,such as antigen presentation in the immune system,repair of damaged tissues,and growth and migration of tumors.Tumor-derived or tumor-associated exosomes play a vital role in regulating the occurrence and development of tumors.The analysis and detection of exosomes in tumors is helpful for the early diagnosis of tumors and provide new treatment methods.This article reviews exosomes' origin,composition,and functions in the development,migration,diagnosis,and treatment of tumors and provides new ideas for the treatment of tumors.

Objective To evaluate the inhibitory effect of statins on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of pancreatic islet in rat and to explore its mechanisms. Methods According to the average volume, freshly isolated or 24-hour cultured pancreatic islets were randomly divided into control group( incubated with Kreb-Ringer bicarbonate buffer), the atorvastatin group( incubated with 100 μ mol/L atorvastatin), the fluvastatin group (incubated with 100 μ mol/L fluvastatin)and the pravastatin group (incubated with 100 μ mol/L pravastatin). Stimulated by 2. 8,5. 5,11.1,16. 7 mmol/L and 25.0 mmol/L glucose respectively, the effect of 100 μ mol/L statins on ATP content and GSIS was compared in the four groups. GSIS was performed by the 37℃ bath incubation method and ATP content was measured by chemiluminescence method. Results Incubated with 100 μ mol/L atorvastatin for 30 minutes, in the presence of 16. 7 mmol/L glucose, the ATP content [(9. 54 ± 1. 64) pmol/islet vs ( 12. 33 ± 1.89) pmol/islet] and GSIS (1.60 ± 0. 21 vs 2. 39 ± 0. 30) were significantly reduced in comparison with the control group (P＜0. 05). Cultured with 100 μmol/L fluvastatin for 24 hours, the ATP content [( 10. 24 ±2.01 )pmol/islet vs (12. 31 ±2. 16) pmol/islet] and GSIS (3. 12 ± 0. 32 vs 4. 17 ±0. 37 ) were all significantly decreased at the higher glucose concentration of 16. 7 mmol/L ( P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Atorvastatin and fluvastatin may inhibit GSIS by decreasing ATP content in pancreatic islet and the inhibitory effect is related to the strength of its lipophilicity.

Objective To assess the factors which affect the activity of isolated islets,and to construct a steady and effective isolation method of rat pancreatic islets.Methods Pancreatic islets were isolated by collagenase method.The glucose-stimulation of insulin secretion(GSIS) in different conditions was performed by batch incubation method and measured by RIA.Results GSIS was improved by BSA;There was a evident decrease of insulin secretion in cultured islets of 7 days,however,no difference was observed between the freshly isolated islets group and the 1～5days cultured islets groups.Compared to the groups of(5.5 mmol/L) and(25 mmol/L) glucose in the culture medium,(11.1 mmol/L) glucose group stimulated higher insulin release.Conclusion BSA,glucose concentration of RPMI1640 medium and the culture period are related to the activity of isolated islets.

Tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is a common pathological feature of end-stage kidney disease. Previous studies showed that upregulation of TGFbeta1 notably contributed to the chronic renal injury and irbesartan halted the development of TIF in rats with 5/6 renal mass reduction. This study was to investigate the effects of irbesartan on chronic TIF and the mechanism involved TGFbeta1 in the rodent model of chronic renal failure involving 5/6 nephrectomy. The results showed that irbesartan significantly attenuated the rise in blood pressure and tubulointerstitial injury observed in this model. Masson staining of the renal tissue revealed that there appeared severe renal tubule atrophy and fibrosis in operation group, but the lesion was attenuated mostly in irbesartan-treated group. Immunohistochemistry showed that irbesartan treatment apparently decreased the protein expression of TGFbeta1 which was up-regulated in operation groups. Western blot showed that irbesartan treatment down-regulated the expression of TGFbeta1, phosphorylated smad2 (p-smad2), AT1R and phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) MAPK, but significantly up-regulated the protein expression of smad6 as compared with operation group. These findings suggest that irbesartan attenuates hypertension and reduces the development of TIF in rats with 5/6 renal mass reduction via changes in the expression of these proteins at least including smad6, TGF-beta1, p-smad2, AT1 and p-p38 MAPK.

Objective:To investigate the expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)in the thyroid tissue of diabetes mellitus (DM)rats.Methods:The rat model of DM was established by high-lipid diet and vena caudalis injection of streptozocin.The rats of DM models were then randomly divided into three groups:DM group(n=17),insulin intervention group(n=16)and aminoguanidine intervention group(n=16).Nine normal rats were taken as controls.Twelve weeks after the establishment of DM model,rats were sacrificed and the thyroid tissue was taken to determine RAGE mRNA and the protein expression with the method of RT-PCR and Western Blot.Results:The levels of RAGE mRNA and protein expression were higher in the thyroid tissue of DM rats than those in controls (P＜0.05).The levels of RAGE mRNA and protein expression were lower in the thyroid tissue of insulin intervention group and aminoguanidine intervention group than thor of DM group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The levels of RAGE mRNA and protein expression were up-regulated in the thyroid tissue of DM rats,which can be restrained by controlling blood glucose and blocking the formation of advanced glycation end products.

Objective To investigate the regular spot check implementation of central sterile supply department(CSSD) at hospitals of all grades across China and analyze its influencing factors to provide the basis for further improvement of regular cleaning quality inspection. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted form February to July of 2017,and 132 hospitals all over the country were selected to investigate with the questionnaire the current status of CSSD management model, staffing and regular cleaning quality inspection. Results The ratio of the nursing staff and the number of beds was 1.15:100,the ratio of staff and the number of beds was 2. 00:100. 81. 82% (n =108) of the hospitals adopted the centralized management model. The qualification rate for regular spot check execution was 87.12% (n=115). The results of multiple logistic regression showed that the centralized management model was more conducive to the regular spot check than the non-centralized management model (OR=4.71,95% CI:1.05-21.08). Conclusions The centralized management model proves positive for the implementation of regular spot checks;and CSSDs should pay more attention to the regular spot check of the cleaning quality.

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I is an important intracellular pattern recognition receptor in antiviral innate immune responses.After recognition of viral RNA, retinoic acid-inducible gene I triggers antiviral signaling pathways which induce the production of interferons and proinflammatory cytokines.Kidney is an important organ of human body.The occurrence of kidney diseases in childhood has a great impact on children's growth and daily life.Recent studies have shown that retinoic acid-inducible gene I can participate in inflammation and immune responses of kidney, and promote the occurrence and progression of kidney diseases.This article reviews the research progress of retinoic acid-inducible gene I in kidney diseases, and discusses its application prospect as a biomarker and therapeutic target of kidney diseases.

OBJECTIVETo examine serum levels of sICAM-1 from normal controls and patients with thyroid diseases (simple goitre, Graves' disease or Hashimoto's thyroiditis) with (125)I-sICAM-1 RIA established in our lab.

METHODSUsing (125)I-sICAM-1 RIA, serum sICAM-1 levels of 400 healthy individuals as the normal group and 1020 patients with simple goitre (SG), Graves' disease (GD) or Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) were examined for a comporative chinical study.

RESULTSThe serum level of sICAM-1 (x +/- s) in the normal group was 168.43 +/- 36.23 micro g/L. There was no significant difference between the normal and SG groups (P > 0.05), whereas the serum levels of sICAM-1 in autoimmune thyroid diseases (GD or HT) were higher than those in the normal or SG groups (P < 0.05, respectively). After GD patients received one of three medical treatments, their serum sICAM-1 levels decreased (P < 0.05). After GD patients were treated and their thyroid function decreased to normal, their serum sICAM-1 levels were lower than those in relapsed GD patients (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSsICAM-1 RIA can be used to examine autoimmune thyroid diseases. Serum levels of sICAM-1 can be used as a parameter in diagnosing autoimmune thyroid disease and in evaluating the effects of therapy, drug administration or relapse in GD.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Goiter ; blood ; diagnosis ; Graves Disease ; blood ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radioimmunoassay ; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune ; blood ; diagnosis

Tubulointerstitial fibrosis(TIF)is a common pathological feature of end-stage kidney disease.Previous studies showed that upregulation of TGFβ1 notably contributed to the chronic renal injury and irbesartan halted the development of TIF in rats with 5/6 renal mass reduction.This study was to investigate the effects of irbesartan on chronic TIF and the mechanism involved TGFβ1 in the rodent model of chronic renal failure involving 5/6 nephrectomy.The results showed that irbesartan significantly attenuated the rise in blood pressure and tubulointerstitial injury observed in this model.Masson staining of the renal tissue revealed that there appeared severe renal tubule atrophy and fibrosis in operation group,but the lesion was attenuated mostly in irbesartan-treated group.Immunohistochemistry showed that irbesartan treatment apparently decreased the protein expression of TGFβ1 which was up-regulated in operation groups.Western blot showed that irbesartan treatment down-regulated the expression of TGFβ1,phosphorylated smad2(p-smad2),AT1R and phosphorylated p38(p-p38)MAPK,but significantly up-regulated the protein expression of smad6 as compared with operation group.These findings suggest that irbesartan attenuates hypertension and reduces the development of TIF in rats with 5/6 renal mass reduction via changes in the expression of these proteins at least including smad6,TGF-β1,p-smad2,AT1 and p-p38 MAPK.