By using the famous American pedagogical and psychological scientist Gagne,Robert's opinion about the component and organization of study diathesis mentioned in his book named Principle of Teaching Design, the author analyzes the construction of diathesis of Chinese students : the innate diathesis , the acquired diathesis and the naturally developed diathesis. Based on the knowledge and ability that high quality medical talents should have in the future, the article prefer the thought and methods to cultivate high quality medical talents by complying with the modern psychological theory.

This study was aimed to explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) on improvement of Parkinson’s disease (PD). A total of 40 SD male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, which were the normal group, sham-operation group, model group, and EA group (n=10). The 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was used to prepare PD rat rotational model. The 0.2% Vitamin C of physiological saline was injected in the sham-operation group. EA on GV16-Fengfuand LR3-Taichongwas given for 30 min in the EA group after the model was successfully established, once a day, 7 days a treatment course. The treatment was given for 2 courses. Behavioral test was used to detect PD rat rotational behavior changes. Glu concentration in the striatum was detected by HPLC assay. The expression levels of GS and PAG were detected with western blot. The results showed that there were significant differences in the rotational behavior before and after treatment in the EA group (P < 0.01). Compared with the normal group and sham-operation group, Glu concentration significantly increased, GS expression obviously decreased, and PAG expression significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, Glu concentration obviously decreased (P < 0.05), GS expression significantly increased, and PAG significantly decreased in the EA group (P < 0.01). It was concluded that the protective effect of EA in PD may be associated with EA improving the expression of GS, reducing the expression of PAG, and relieving the cytotoxicity induced by Glu in the brain.

Background and purpose:Suppression of apoptotic signaling pathways is an important factor in tumor cell resistance. Research on cell apoptosis will open up a new way of reversing drug resistance and tumor treatment. This study examined the effects of a novel naphthalimide derivative 8c on multidrug resistant colon cancer HCT116/L-OHP cells and explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the apoptosis induction. Methods: The anti-proliferative effects of 8c were detected by CCK-8 assays and the effects on apoptosis induction were examined by lfow cytometry. The mRNA expression levels of p53, Bax and Bcl-2 were measured by real-time PCR;The protein expressions of p-p53, Bax, Bcl-2 and Cyt-c were detected by Western blot. Results:8c (IC50=8.16 μmol/L) seemed to be more potent than amonaifde (IC50=28.37 μmol/L) against HCT116/L-OHP cells. 8c induced apoptosis on HCT116/L-OHP cell lines through intrinsic or mitochondria dependent pathway. The protein expression of phosphorylation of p53 at Ser-15 was increased, but the mRNA level of p53 did not increase in HCT116/L-OHP cells. Bax protein and mRNA levels were signiifcantly increased, and Bcl-2 protein and mRNA levels were decreased, suggesting an increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratios. Meanwhile, 8c induced a substantial release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol in HCT116/L-OHP cells. Conclusion: 8c induced cell death signal by inducing the activation p53 phosphorylation which subsequently activated related protein expressions of apoptotic pathway, which may be an important mechanism of 8c on inhibiting proliferation of HCT116/L-OHP resistant cells. All the results suggested that 8c was a potent compound to be developed as an anti-tumor and anti-resistance agent for clinic application in the future.

Objective Innovate scientific research management thinking,explore new scientific research management models,and enhance hospital's competitiveness.Methods The hospital insistently adheres to the path of science and education hospital development in the practice of scientific research management,and takes measures of creating academic atmosphere,innovating management concept,rationalizing incentive measures,setting supporting policies,and so on.Results The hospital has gained certain progress in the fields of key discipline construction,research project,talent plan,scientific and technological achievements,etc.Conclusions The path of science and education hospital development plays an important role in the further healthy and sustainable development of hospital.

Objective To determine the water absorption coefficient of single-flavor root and rhizome Chinese herbal medicine pieces at room temperature, and guide the water addition in the decoction process of decocting machine of Chinese herbal.Methods The water absorption coefficient of 222-flavor root and rhizome Chinese herbal medicine pieces were studied, the simulated prescriptions were decocted according to the recommended formula of the decocting machine manufacturer and the water absorption coefficient, and the amount of liquid were obtained by the two methods which were compared with the amount of liquid required.Results The water absorption coefficients of roots and rhizomes with different textures were quite different.The amount of liquid obtained according to the manufacturer′s recommended formula was quite different from the amount of liquid required and there was no rule to follow.The error of the amount of liquid obtained according to the water absorption coefficient and the amount of liquid required was small and regular.Conclusion The experimental determination of the water absorption coefficient of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces could guide the amount of water added to the decoction machine.

Objective To investigate the effect of Liu-Shen-Wan on transplanted tumors in mice with colon cancer based on the polarization of M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Methods We established a subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of mice with CT26 colon cancer. Mice were randomly divided into vehicle, oxaliplatin, and oxaliplatin combined with Liu-Shen-Wan groups. Treatment was administered for three weeks, and tumor volume was measured. All mice were weighed during the administration. After the end of the treatment, the mice were dissected and tumors were photographed and weighed. Spleen index was calculated. The expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-12P40 in serum and related blood biochemical indices were measured. The expression levels of M2 macrophage polarization indices, namely, IL-10 and TGF-β, in serum and tumor tissues were detected. The infiltration degree of M2 macrophages in each group was observed by immunohistochemical experiments. Results The tumor volume and mouse weight in the oxaliplatin combined with Liu-Shen-Wan group significantly decreased compared with those in the vehicle group. The spleen index increased, and the expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-12P40 in serum also significantly increased. The mice had no obvious side effects after the drug treatment. In addition, the expression levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in the serum and tissues of mice in the oxaliplatin combined with Liu-Shen-Wan group significantly decreased. The expression levels of CD68 and CD206 in tumor tissues also decreased. Conclusion The anti-tumor effect of Liu-Shen-Wan on the transplanted tumors of mice with colon cancer is related to the inhibition of M2 macrophage polarization in the tumor microenvironment.

Objective To explore the cooperative mechanism of hospital research management and ethics review.Methods Through the analysis of current ethical conditions,as well as the relationship between hospital research management and ethical review,study on how to integrate them during the management of scientific research project.Results Research management and ethical review have different emphasis from different perspectives,however,both of them serve for research projects which makes inseparable connections.Conclusions Hospital research management and ethical review can be synergistic,according to which the management of scientific research projects will be more reasonable and scientific.

Objective To explore the correlation between main indicators of donor liver and early prognosis after liver transplantation.Methods The clinical data of 166 donors and recipients of post-mortem organ donation (DD) from June 2017 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The effects of donor age,sex,body mass index,serum sodium level,total bilirubin,prothrombin time and international standardized ratio on early allograft dysfunction (EAD) in liver transplant recipients were investigated.According to the culture results of donor liver preservation solution,the results were divided into positive group and negative group.Combined with the culture results of blood,sputum and drainage fluid after liver transplantation,the early infection rate of recipients in the two groups was observed.Results Univariate analysis showed that preoperative donor bilirubin total ＞17.1 mmol/L and donor cold ischemia time ＞8 h were risk factors for postoperative EAD in transplant recipients.Multivariate analysis showed that donor cold ischemia time ＞8 h was an independent risk factor for postoperative EAD in liver transplant recipients;the incidence of EAD in the group with cold ischemia time ＞8 h was significantly higher than that in the group with cold ischemia time ≤8 h (26.3％ vs.7.0％;P =0.003).The positive rate of postoperative sputum culture and drainage fluid culture in the donors with positive donor culture was 43.9％ and 48.8％,respectively,which was significantly higher than that in the negative group (10.7％ and 13.1％).The difference was statistically significant (P =0.000,P =0.000).The positive rate of postoperative blood culture in the positive group and the negative group was 12.2％ and 6.0％ with the difference being not statistically significant (P =0.161).Conclusion Cold ischemia time of the donor ＞8 h is an independent risk factor for EAD in recipients after liver transplantation.Shortening the cold ischemia time of donor liver can reduce the incidence of postoperative EAD in recipients.The culture results of preservation solution have a certain guiding effect on the postoperative anti-infective treatment of the recipients.

BACKGROUND: Preoperative diagnosis and differential diagnosis of small solid pulmonary nodules are very difficult. Computed tomography (CT), as a common method for lung cancer screening, is widely used in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical data of patients with malignant pulmonary nodules and intrapulmonary lymph nodes in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of <1 cm solid pulmonary nodules, so as to provide reference for the differentiation of the two. METHODS: Patients with solid pulmonary nodules who underwent surgery from June 2017 to June 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical data of 145 nodules (lung adenocarcinoma 60, lung carcinoid 2, malignant mesothelioma 1, sarcomatoid carcinoma 1, lymph node 81) were collected and finally divided into two groups: lung adenocarcinoma and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, and their clinical data were statistically analyzed. According to the results of univariate analysis (χ² test, t test), the variables with statistical differences were selected and included in Logistic regression multivariate analysis. The predictive variables were determined and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to get the area under the curve (AUC) value of the area under the curve. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis showed that the longest diameter, Max CT value, lobulation sign and spiculation sign were important indicators for distinguishing lung adenocarcinoma from intrapulmonary lymph nodes, and the risk ratios were 106.645 (95%CI: 3.828-2,971.220, P<0.01), 0.980 (95%CI: 0.969-0.991, P<0.01), 3.550 (95%CI: 1.299-9.701, P=0.01), 3.618 (95%CI: 1.288-10.163, P=0.02). According to the results of Logistic regression analysis, the prediction model is determined, the ROC curve is drawn, and the AUC value under the curve is calculated to be 0.877 (95%CI: 0.821-0.933, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS For <1 cm solid pulmonary nodules, among many factors, the longest diameter, Max CT value, lobulation sign and spiculation sign are more important in distinguishing malignant pulmonary nodules from intrapulmonary lymph nodes.

Objective:To explore the microbiological characteristics of donor blood culture and donor liver perfusion culture and summarize the clinical experiences to provide basic rationales for preventing donor-derived infections.Methods:From August 1, 2018 to November 26, 2018 and November 27, 2018 to December 31, 2020 at First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, culture results of donor blood and donor liver perfusate were retrospectively reviewed.According to whether or not donor liver was obtained without breaking diaphragm, removing gallbladder intraoperatively and flushing bile through cystic duct, two stages were assigned: before and after improvement measures of liver donor, i.e.August 1, 2018 to November 26, 2018 and November 27, 2018 to December 31, 2020.The culture results of donor blood samples and donor liver perfusion fluid samples in two stages of liver transplantation were statistically analyzed and infection preventing measures during donor liver maintenance and obtaining donor liver examined.Results:A total of 486 cases of blood culture from potential donors and 478 cases of liver perfusion culture were analyzed.The results showed that the incidence of blood culture infection was 4.5% and 4.3% before and after improvement measures( χ2=0.008; P=0.927)while the incidence of perfusion fluid infection was 56.8% and 46.2%( χ2=4.569; P=0.031); Klebsiella pneumoniae was a major pathogen cultured in perfusion solution before improvement measures and Staphylococcus epidermidis after improvement measures. Conclusions:Before organ donation, infection screening and prevention of potential donors and corresponding measures during donor liver acquisition can reduce donor source infection and effectively lower the mortality of recipients.