Adjuvant radiotherapy can reduce resection range,increase the possibility of organ reservation and maintain satisfactory living quality without affecting local control rate.Adjuvant radiotherapy in combination with conservative surgery has become the standard of care for extremity soft tissue sorcoma.The indications and technological aspects as well as the perspectives are overviewed in this article.

This paper analyzes the needs for and feasibilities of information support services at hospital libraries for scientific research.It also explores the major contents of hospital information support services,hoping to find a more reasonable information services model to meet the needs of the rapidlygrowing research projects.

Objective To analyze the anatomic changes and dosimetric variations of patients with head-and-neck cancer during intensity-modulated radiotherapy and to assess the necessity of re-planning the treatment course.Methods Twenty-one nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were selected to receive the second CT scan in the course of intensity-modulated radiotherapy,targets and organs at risk were re-contoured on the new CT images with the help of deformable registration software.Actual dose distribution delivered by the original treatment plan was calculated on the second CT image,and then the volume and doses of targets and organs at risk were compared between the planning CT and second CT.Results The volume of patient's head-and-neck outlines and GTVnd decreased significantly,the volume of cord and brainstem didn't change much,while the volume of left and right parotids decreased significantly by (24.23 ± 12.15)％ and (25.82± 10.46)％,respectively.The parameters D95％ and Dmean of PGTVnx kept stable,but the parameters D1cc of spinal cord PRV and brainstem PRV increased by (8.12± 10.32)％ and (14.60±18.85)％ respectively.The mean dose of the left and right parotids increased significantly by (27.43±17.67)％ and (26.76±12.46)％,respectively.Conclusion The anatomical changes of patients undergoing intensity-modulated radiotherapy will cause significant dosimetric variations of the cord,brainstem and parotids,so it's meaningful and necessary to re-design the treatment plan in the course of radiotherapy.Repeat CT imaging and replanning during the course of IMRT is essential to ensure adequate doses to target volumes and safe doses to normal tissue.

Radiation enteritis significantly affects the quality of life in the patients receiving radiotherapy due to pelvic tumor.As an intestinal inflammation related to radiotherapy, radiation enteritis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane in nature based on some basic research.Studies demonstrate that programmed necroptosis might play a role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease;therefore, as a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease, programmed necroptosis also might play a role in the development and progression of radiation enteritis.This paper aims to review the studies about the nature and pathogenic mechanism in order to contribute to the treatment of radiation enteritis and improve patients'' quality of life.

Objective To explore the changes of gene and protein expressions of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in immature rats with pilocarpine-induced epilepsy treated with ghrelin. Methods The pllocarpine-induced epilepsy model in immatured rats were built, then the rats were divided into three groups: Ghrelin-treated group, saline-treated group and model group, meanwhile the normal control group was set. The NF-κB and TNF-α levels of gene and protein in the cerebral cortex of immature rats were detected. Results The expression levels of gene and protein of NF-κB and TNF-α were increased in model group,but decreased in the normal control group;NF-κB and TNF-α levels in Ghrelin treated group were obviously lower than those of saline-treated group and model group(P < 0. 05). Conclusion The protective mechanism of Ghrelin for nerve cell is cutting down the expressions of NF-κB and TNF-α in the cerebral cortex of immature rats with epilepsy and lessening inflammatory reaction in neurocytes.

Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is morphologically similar to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma.For most PMBCL patients, chemotherapy plus consolidation radiotherapy showed that the latter could improve PMBCL responsiveness and progression-free survival (PFS), and its combined use with chemotherapy demonstrated higher therapeutic efficacy.Recent clinical studies suggested that rituximab and anthracycline chemotherapy regimens could increase PMBCL treatment efficacy, reduce early treatment failure, enhance PFS and overall survival, and improve prognosis.Although rituximab combined with some high-intensity chemotherapy without radiotherapy have achieved good results, many studies still support the use of post-immunochemotherapy consolidation mediastinal radiotherapy.Based on the results of a few studies with a small sample size, patients who were assessed as complete metabolic remission by PET following high-intensity immunochemotherapy may omit consolidation radiotherapy.However, these results will need to be further confirmed by large-sample multicenter clinical trials.Consolidation radiotherapy is recommended for patients with poor prognostic factors or PET score>3.

To investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis, NO production was measured indirectly as nitrite in serum and synovial fluid samples from patients with steroid-induced femoral head necrosis together with serum samples from healthy volunteers matched for age and sex. The results showed that:① serum nitrite concentration in patients with femoral head necrosis were significantly lower than that in controls (P＜0.001); ② nitrite level of synovial fluid was markedly higher than that of serum. In addition, there was a positive correlation between them (r＝0.378,P＜0.05). We reach the conclusion:① NO is synthesized by synovium and chondrocytes; ② the decreased NO concentration in serum suggests a protective role in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis.

Objective:To report the preliminary results of intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT)for 20 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.Methods:A total of 20 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma received IMRT in our hospital between January 2007 and April 2008.Five patients were of stage Ⅱ,13 patients were of stage Ⅲ,and 2 patients were of stage Ⅳ.The prescribed dose 69.96 Gy was delivered to the gross tumor volume(PTV)and positive neck nodes(PTVnd);59.36 Gy to the clinical target volume(PTV1),covering the upper neck and area around the nasopharynx;and 50.96 Gy to the low neck and supreclavicular area (PTV2).The dose to 50% of the parotid was≤35 Gy.The maximum dose to the lens.pituitary gland,temporo-mandibular joint,mandible,and temporal lobe was 9,54,60,70,and 60 Gy.The maximum dose to the brainstem,spinal cord,optic nerve and optic chiasma(PRV)was 54,40,54,and 54 Gy,respectively.All of the patients received 1 or 2 circles of chemothrapy before IMRT.Results:The median follow-up time was 14 months.The one-year overall survival was 94.1%.One patient died of osseous metastasis and respiratory failure and 3 patients developed distant metastasis.Acute toxicity was mostly Grade Ⅰ to Grade Ⅱ.Seventeen patients had grade Ⅰ xerostomia.Three patients suffered from grade Ⅰ acute oral mucosa reaction and 12 patients had grade Ⅱ acute oral mucosa reaction.Analysis of the dose-volume histograms (DVHs) showed that the mean dose delivered to the PTV,PTVnd,PTV1 and PTV2 was 73.4,74.1,67.8,and 54.1 Gy,respectively.The median dose to 50% of the right and left parotid glands was 43.9 Gy and 41.9 Gy,respcetively.The average value of maximum dose to the left and right lens was 8.06 and 8.12 Gy,respectively.The average value of maximum dose to the brainstem,spinal cord,left and right optic nerve and optic chiasma PRV was 60.6,46.6,50.0,55.0,and 56.0 Gy,respectively.Conclusion:IMRT can achieve satisfactory dose distdbution to nasopharyngeal carcinoma and surrounding tissues in NPC patients,protect normal tissues during the treatment and improve local control rate.

Objective:To investigate the best preservation conditions of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide( NT-proBNP) and provide detection references with stable performance for detection kits.Methods: ELISA was used to quantitatively detect the changes in NT-proBNP contents in various preservation solutions.The effects of basic buffer system, preservative Proclin300 and antibiotics on the preservation of NT-proBNP were analyzed using univariate analysis.The combination of various factors was then optimized using orthogonal experiments, to identify the best preservation system for NT-proBNP.Results: The univariate analysis determined that the basic buffer system for NT-proBNP was 0.02 mol/L phosphate buffered saline(PBS) at pH7.2,the addition of pre-servative Proclin300 could extend the preservation time of NT-proBNP at 37℃ by one day, the combined addition of penicillin and streptomycin prolonged the preservation time of NT-proBNP by one day compared with individually adding penicillin or streptomycin.The orthogonal experiments identified a preservation solution for NT-proBNP as 20%calf serum,1/1 000 Proclin300,120 U/ml penicillin and 80 U/ml streptomycin in a basic buffer system of 0.02 mol/L PBS at pH7.2.This solution was used to preserve an NT-proBNP reference sample at 37℃.Seven days later,the calibrated fixed-value of the sample at 37℃was only 1.3%lower than that at 4℃.Conclusion:Optimized NT-proBNP serum preservation solution could preserve NT-proBNP standard sample at 37℃ for seven days.

Objective To explore whether antisense-EGFR could enhance the radiosonsitivity of human lung cancer spc-a-1 cell line.Methods The spc-a-1 cells were transfected with antisenso.EGFR-pcDNA3 by lipofectamine 2000(pcDNA3 antiEGFR group).Two other groups were used for comparison:control group(spc-a-1 cell without transfection)and pcDNA3 group(spc-a-1 cell transfeeted with pcDNA3 which did not contain antisense EGFR).Cell clones that stable expressing antisense-EGFR wa8 selected with G41 8 and the suppression of the expression of EGFR mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.The influence of antisense-EGFR on cell cycle was testified by flow cytometry assay.The cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry after 8 Gy irradiation.Further,cells of each group were irradiated with X-rays at the dose of 0,2,4,6 and 8 Gy.Dose-survival curve of each group was established by colony-forming assay.Results The expression of EGFR mRNA and protein were significantly inhibited after antisense-EGFR-pcDNA3 transfection.The cells arrested at the G2/M phase in the pcDNA3 antiEGFR group,control group and pcDNA3 group were (29.53±1.91)%,(13.7±1.30)%and(12.40±1.34)%,respectively.The apoptosis index of spc-a-1 cells in the antisonse-EGFR combined with irradiation group was obviously higher than that of the comparable groups [(39.24±1.57)%,(13.79±0.63)%and(15.02±0.85%)].The values of D0,Dq,SF2 of pcDNA3 antiEGFR group declined obviously compared with the control group(2.11,2.49,0.84 vs 1.19,0.15,0.32).Conclusions Antisense-EGFR could induce the G2/M cell cycle arrest,promote cell apoptosis and inhibit the ability of sublethal cell damage repair induced by irradiation,80 that it could significantly improve the radiosensitivity of spc-a-1 cell in vitro.