OBJECTIVE:To upgrade the management of the out-patient pharmacy and provide all the patients, doctors and nurses with good service. METHODS: HIS was applied to the real stock management of the out-patient pharmacy in our hospital. RESULTS: Due to the HIS, the amount of drugs was identical with the account; the overstock and stocktaking error rate were greatly decreased, and the account was clear & the supervision was easy. CONCLUSION: The work efficiency and quality of the out-patient pharmacy was greatly improved by the scientific normalized management.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the species and distribution of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne arboviruses in Yuncheng city of Shanxi province, China.

METHODSMosquito samples were collected in 19 collection sites from Linyi county and Yongji city in Yuncheng city, in August, 2012. After identification and classification, all the specimens were homogenized and centrifuged to acquire supernatant before being inoculated to both C6/36 and BHK21 cells for viral isolation. Positive isolates were identified with arbovirus species-specific primers under RT-PCR, for further sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

RESULTSA total of 10 455 mosquitoes of 7 species in 4 genuese were collected. The predominant mosquito species in Linyi county was Culex pipens pallens (91.96%, 3 911/4 253), but the one in Yongji city was Culex tritaeniorhynchus (72.85%, 4 518/6 202). A total of 23 strains of viruses were isolated from the mosquito pools. 15 strains from Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex pipens pallens were identified as genotype I Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Four strains from Culex pipens pallens were identified as Culex flavivirus (CxFV). Three strains from Culex pipens pallens were identified as Culex pipiens pallens densovirus (CppDNV). One strain from Armigeres subalbatus and Aedes albopictus was identified as Getah virus (GETV).

CONCLUSIONFour kinds of arboviruses were isolated from the mosquito pools, including GETV and CxFV, which were isolated and documented in Shanxi province for the first time. In the city of Yuncheng, Culex tritaeniorhynchus had been the predominant species and major vector for transmitting JEV. Genotype I JEV remained the major JEV circulating in the local natural environment.

Animals ; Arboviruses ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; China ; Cities ; Culicidae ; virology ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Species Specificity