Objective To explore the effects of lamotrigine on the cognitive function and the quality of life in epilepsy patients.Methods This was a prospective study and 91 newly diagnosed epilepsy patients were enrolled.The neuropsychological tests score and the quality of life in epilepsy inventory(QOLIE-31) were obtained before and after the treatment with lamotrigine.A battery of neuropsychological tests comprised the auditory verbal learning test(AVLT), the logical memory test(LMT), the digital symbol test(DST), the stroop color word test(SCWT), the trail making test(TMT), the verbal fluency test(VFT), the WAIS block design test(WBDT), the WAIS digital span test(WDST)and the Boston naming test(BNT). Results The repeated assessments in the patients taking lamotrigine were associated with significant improvements in many domains.The greatest changes were observed in the immediate and delayed recall of AVLT, DST, the time consuming of SCWT card C and TMT test A and B, the immediate and delayed recall of LMT, VFT, WBDT and BNT.For the quality of life, significant improvements were recorded in the fields of the seizure worry(38.81?16.06 vs 45.68?15.18), the overall quality of life(59.12?13.50 vs 64.99?13.33), the social function(64.59?25.14 vs 69.41?22.70)and the self-health evaluation (71.18?13.73 vs 76.75?11.30).Conclusion Improvements of the cognitive function and the quality of life can be observed in the initial period of medication with lamotrigine in epilepsy patients.

Objective To compare adductor canal block with femoral nerve block under multimodal analgesia for early analgesic effect and rehabilitation after total knee replacement (TKA). Methods Eighty patients who were scheduled to undergo TKA were randomly divided into two groups:adductor canal block (ACB) group and femoral nerve block (FNB) group. All the pa?tients were given Celecoxib (200 mg, bid) three days preoperative. The ACB group was given adductor canal block with ropivacaine (5 g/L, 20 ml) and 0.1 mg epinephrine half an hour before the surgery. The FNB group was given femoral nerve block with ropivacaine (3.33 g/L, 30 ml) and 0.1 mg epinephrine half an hour before the surgery. Both of the two groups were given local infiltration analge?sia with ropivacaine (2.5 g/L, 20 ml) and 0.1 mg epinephrine after click into the prosthesis. After surgery, all the patients were given Diclofenac Sodium (50 mg, q12h, p.o.), oxycodone hydrochloride sustained?release tablets (10 mg, q12 h, p.o.) and Parecoxib (40 mg, q12 h, i.m.) until discharged. The resting and motion Numeric Rating Scales (NRS) scores, the knee joint range of motion, the muscle strength of quadriceps femoris, total Meperidine hydrochloride consumption, postoperative hospital stay and the side effects and complications were recorded. Results The resting and motion NRS scores were similar to the ACB group of FNB group which were not statistically significant. The range of motion (1, 2, 3 days after surgery) and muscular strength of quadriceps femofis (within 24 hours) in the ACB group was better than in the FNB group. The average length of postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the ACB group than it was in FNB group. In the ACB group the range of motion at 14 day, total Meperidine hydrochloride con?sumption and the side effects were similar to the FNB group. Conclusion Under multimodal analgesia, the adductor canal block had similar early analgesia effects with the femoral nerve block when TKA was performed. However, compared with FNB, the ACB was more beneficial to patients regarding the early postoperative rehabilitation to patient.

OBJECTIVETo carry out the citation analysis of publications in Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine (CJPM) among the preventive medicine authors and analyze the impact of this magazine in preventive medicine domain.

METHODSUsing Chinese scientific periodical literature evaluation and statistical analysis system (V1.0), the citation status of all CJPM publications in 2000-2005 was analyzed, the analysis covered 21 columns, including the review, editorial and original article, the data were collected up to November, 2007.

RESULTSFrom 2000 to 2005, CJPM had more than 30 columns and carried 1196 articles and 92. 89% (1111/1196) articles were from 21 main columns. During 2003 to 2005, the impact factors of CJPM were 0. 897, 1.011 and 0. 891 respectively. Among 21 main columns, the citation frequency of six columns including original article, editorial, review, courses, discussion and case report were higher than 80%. In five columns (original article, editorial, report, review and academic trends), the average citation frequency of individual articles was more than 4 times. The citation frequency of 20 authors was higher than 20 times and these authors were from medical schools, teaching hospitals, centers of diseases control and the research institutes. The individual citation frequency of 17 articles was more than 20 times and the individual citation frequency of three articles was more than 50 times. 34.9% of the citations of the 2000-2005 CJPM articles were from the top 20 journals, and the self-citation rate was 4. 85%.

CONCLUSIONThe publications in Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine are most frequently cited, which indicated that those publications have high quality, this journal has a great effect in preventive medicine field of China.

Bibliometrics ; China ; Periodicals as Topic ; statistics & numerical data ; Preventive Medicine

OBJECTIVETo synthesize cyclin-dependent kinase (CDKs) inhibitors and assay their antitumor activities.

METHODSA series of pyrimidines containing different arylamino and 1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin moieties were designed by combining the segments 1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin and pyrimidine heterocycles according to the super-position principle of the reinforcement of biological activities.

RESULTSTheir structures were characterized by MS and 1H NMR spectra and all the synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity with MTT assay.

CONCLUSIONThe preliminary bioassay showed that compound 3 b displayed good antitumor activity (IC(50)=13.6 µmol/L). The preliminary structure activity relationship analysis of these analogues suggest that the steric factor may have important impact on the anti-tumor activity.

Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Humans ; Pyrimidines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship

OBJECTIVETo explore the factors influencing failure of an immunization to interrupt perinatal (mother-to-child) transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV).

METHODSBetween June 2006 and March 2010, a total of 1355 pregnant women testing positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), at gestational weeks 20 to 42, and without use of antiviral or immunomodulatory drugs during the pregnancy were prospectively recruited to the study. The mothers were given a choice of receiving hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG; three 200 IU intramuscular injections give at four-week intervals starting from gestation week 28) or not. All neonates (1360, including five sets of twins) received hepatitis B vaccine (10 mug) plus HBIG (200 IU) combined immunization within 24 h of birth, as early as possible. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from the neonates within 24 h of birth and at 7 and 12 months of age for detection of HBV markers, including hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and HBV DNA. The infants were classified according to HBV perinatal transmission status (infection group and non-infection group) and various factors (maternal-related: age, gravidity, parity; pregnancy/birth-related: threatened premature labor, complications; neonate-related: sex, birth weight, apgar score) were compared between the two groups by using non-conditional logistic regression analysis to determine their potential influence on failure of immunization to inhibit transmission.

RESULTSAfter 12 months of follow-up, 1.54% (21/1360) of the neonates had presented with HBV infection. Analysis of the HBV-infected neonates revealed differences in infection rates between neonates born to mothers with HBIG injection (2.22% vs. without HBIG injection: 1.11%, P less than 0.05) and caesarean section (1.35% vs. vaginal delivery: 1.73%) but neither reached statistical significance (P less than 0.05); only the practice of breastfeeding showed a significant difference for infection rate, with neonates fed artificial formula having higher infection rate (3.13%) than the breastfed neonates (0.27%, P less than 0.05). The neonate HBV infection rate was also significantly higher for neonates born to HBeAg-positive mothers (4.44% vs. HBeAg-negative mothers: 0%, P less than 0.05) and HBV DNA-positive mothers (3.13% vs. HBV DNA-negative mothers: 0%, P less than 0.05). When the mothers were stratified by serum level of HBV DNA, there was a significant difference in HBV-infected neonates born to mothers with more than or equal to 1*10(7) IU/ml(6.01% vs. 10(3)-10(6) IU/ml: 0.56% and less than 1*10(3) IU/ml: 0%, both P less than 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the independent risk factors for HBV perinatal transmission despite immunization were maternal serum HBeAg-positive status (relative risk (RR)=31.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.88-259.38) and maternal HBV DNA of ≥ 10⁷ copies/mL (RR=22.58, 95% CI: 4.75-107.40).

CONCLUSIONFailure of vaccine plus HBIG to interrupt mother-to-child transmission of HBV is influenced by maternal serum HBeAg-positive status and maternal HBV DNA of ≥10⁷ copies/mL.

Adult ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; prevention & control ; transmission ; virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; therapeutic use ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; prevention & control ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; prevention & control ; virology ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Viral Load

Objective To explore the impact and regularity of snail population after changing of water level and to develop effective control and prediction programs. Methods A typical snail habitat closed to Changjiang county in Yueyang city, Hunan province was selected as the survey field.Data on water level and the changing trend of snail population during 2001-2009 including the average water level, maximum and minimum water levels, snail and infected snail densities,proportion of sampling frames with living and infected snails etc. were collected. The distribution of water level and snail indexes were described and a general additive model(GAM)for the relationships between these indexes were also fitted. Results Impacts of the average water level and the watered-out days in current year in the surveyed field on the snail density were statistically significant(P＜0.01), showing a quadratic curve association. The snail density remained at the lowest level when the average water level was at 25.0 m and the surveyed field watered-out days was 120. The average water level in current year and the field watered-out days in the past year showed statistically significant impacts on the infected snail density(P＜0.001), the proportion of sampling frames with infected snails(P＜0.05)and living snails(P value neared 0.05), presented a quadratic curve, a cubic curve or even a more complicated piecewise curve association. Both the infected snail density and the proportion of sampling frames with infected snails remained at the lowest level when the average water level was at 25.0 m and the watered-out days in the past year was 110, while the proportion of sampling frames with living snails kept the lowest level when the average water level was at 25.0 m and the watered-out days in the past year was 160. Conclusion The water level and the field watered-out days affected the development of snail population directly. The changing water level had an impact on snail population change, which mainly presented as nonlinear smooth function relation. Impact of the field watered out days on the infected snail density and the proportion of sampling frames with living snails and infected snails showed a hysteresis effect. The snail density was predicted to be retaining a high level when the water level was 24.0 m and the field watered-out days was 3 months. It had obvious advantages to fit the relationship of the changing water level and the snail indexes with a GAM which could get closer to the reality as well as easier to find and explain the potential associations and regulations.

Objective To analyze the spatial characteristic on the distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in mountainous regions.Methods Based on the geographic database of snail distribution in Puge county,Sichuan province,spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial scan statistics were applied to analyze the spatial characteristic of snail distribution.Results With regard to the rate of frame with snails,the global Moran's I indicator was 0.095(P<0.05),which indicated the spatial autocorrelation of snail distribution in Puge county.Data from the local spalial autocorrelation analysis showed that there were 28 snail habitats with statistically significant differences on local indicators of spatial autocorrelation(LISA)value(P<0.05),among which existed high-high,low-low,low-high and high-low four types of correlation model.The Spatial Scan Statistics had in total identified 24 snail habitat clusters(P<0.05),including 14 high rate clusters and 10 low rate clusters,and the result was similar to that of LISA analysis.Conclusion There were spatial autocorrelation and spatial aggregation of snail distribution in mountainous regions,meanwhile spatial heterogeneity of snail distribution also existed.This law could be explored for beaer control of snails.

AIM To identify the endophytic fungus G-(JK)-2 from Orixa japonica Thunb.and to study its secondary metabolites and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.METHODS Through the ITS sequence,the evolutionary tree that identifies the endophytic fungus G-(JK)-2 was established.Then 45 days rice solid medium of endophytic fungus G-(JK)-2 was extracted by methanol,and then by ethyl acetate.The ethyl acetate extract was separated and purified by silica gel chromatography,Sephadex LH-20,and semi-preparative HPLC.The structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.Their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were evaluated by PNPG method.RESULTS The endophytic fungus G-(JK)-2 from O.japonica was identified as Fusarium nematophilum.Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(G1),4-hydroxyacetophenone(G2),anhydromevalonolactone(G3),flazine(G4),salicylic acid(G5),p-hydroxybenzoic acid(G6),di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate(G7),terephthalic acid bis(2-ethyl-hexyl)ester(G8),thymine(G9),uridine(G10),adenosine(G11),2′-deoxyuridine(G12),nicotinic acid(G13).The inhibitory effect of each compound on α-glucosidase was in sequence of G4>G11>G10>G13>G12.CONCLUSION All compounds are first isolated from the endophytic fungi of the O.japonica,and G10,G11,G13 are first isolated from the endophytic fungi of Fusarium.G4 and G11 have mild inhibition to α-glucosidase.

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of obesity on surgical procedure and short-term surgical outcome in patients with gastric carcinoma.

METHODSA total of 426 patients with gastric carcinoma underwent laparotomy in our hospital during January 2006 and June 2008. All the patients were divided into obesity group and non-obesity group according to body mass index (BMI). The thickness of subcutaneous fat (SCF), abdominal anterior-posterior diameter (APD) and transverse diameter (TD) at the umbilicus level were measured by abdominal CT. Furthermore, the surgical data and postoperative conditions including short-term outcome were reviewed and compared between two groups.

RESULTSThe incidence of obesity was 29.8% in gastric carcinoma patients. Mean values of SCF thickness, APD and TD in obesity group and non-obesity group were (21.8+/-7.1) mm vs (14.4+/-7.5) mm, (223.2+/-24.6) mm vs (181.8+/-23.5) mm and (323.6+/-23.8) mm vs (285.8+/-24.4) mm (P=0.000). Longer operative time (P=0.007) and less amount of dissected lymph nodes were found in obesity group as compared to non-obesity group (P=0.000). Also, obesity group lasted a longer postoperative period of fever (P=0.000) and experienced more post-operative complications (P=0.005) than non-obesity group did.

CONCLUSIONSAbdominal CT scan may display the abdominal shape of gastric carcinoma patients, hence, it is useful to evaluate the difficulty of surgical procedure. These patients may involve in complicated surgical procedure and worse short-term outcome due to obese abdominal shape. Therefore, perioperative management should be emphasized for these patients.

Abdomen ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Gastroplasty ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To determine the association between physical health fitness with Chinese reading ability of schoolaged children, so as to provide evidence for improving children s reading ability. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 923 school aged children in grades 2-6 in a primary school in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The questionnaire included basic demographic information and Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children and the Pupil Rating Scale Revised Screening. At the same time, participants underwent physical fitness tests which included an assessment of height, weight, and lung capacity, as well as a 50 meter run, sit forward bend, one minute skipping rope task, sit ups, and a 50 × 8 round trip. Results: A total of 59 children were identified with dyslexia. Normal children achieved higher scores than children with dyslexia in the total physical health score, as well as the one minute skipping rope score, one minute sit up score, and sitting forward score ( P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the reading ability of girls was higher than that of boys ( β =-3.04, P <0.01), and the children who regularly participated in more intense physical activity and who had higher fitness scores had a higher reading ability ( β =-1.68, -0.08, P <0.01). Children s reading ability increased significantly with parental educational level( P <0.05). Conclusion Gender, parents education level, physical exercise intensity, and children s physical fitness were identified as influencing factors of school age children s reading ability. A positive correlation was found between children s physical health level and reading ability.