Conus textile is a kind of highly toxic and abundantly existing conus in the South China Sea. The toxin from C.textile could act on sodium channels(δ-conotoxins)and calcium channels (ω-，ε-conotoxins), respectively. Their specific chemical structure and biological activity have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. This article briefly reviews their biochemical characteristics, isolation, gene cloning, biological and neuropharmacological activities, as well as their potential applications.

Humans ; Infant ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Nephrectomy ; Precancerous Conditions ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; WT1 Proteins ; metabolism ; Wilms Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Wilms Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Wnt Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To observe the diurnal variation of intraocular pressure(IOP)measured with Goldmann applanation tonomoter(GAT)in patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG),normal tension glaucoma(NTG)and healthy controls,and to compare the differences of diurnal variation curves between two eyes of each subject and define the distribution of the peak of IOP. Design Prospective case series.Participants POAG patients,NTG patients and healthy controls.Methods The diurnal variation of IOP in the two eyes of each of 30 POAG patients,30 NTG patients and 30 normal controls were investigated and the distributions of the peak IOP were observed.Main Outcome Measure Intraocular pressure.Results Measured with GAT,6.7% right eyes and 10.0% left eyes of normal people,20.0% right eyes and 23.3% left eyes of NTG patients,and 23.3% right eyes and 20.0% left eyes of POAG patients showed peak IOP at the time points of out-office period.Conclusions POAG patients,NTG patients and normal controls have asymmetric IOP diurnal variation.The two eyes of one individual cannot always be treated as the same.The IOP peak can occur at the time point during the out-office time.Measure IOP in office-time only may miss the dynamic information of IOP.

Objective To investigate the influences of mutation at precore and basic core promoter(BCP) region in hepatitis B virus(HBV) on the immune response of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL) in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).Methods The number of specific CTL in peripheral blood mononuclear(PBMC) of CHB patients were tested by cytokine flow cytome- try(CFC) and HBV core18-27 peptide.HBV precore and BCP fragments were directly sequenced. Results Twenty-one(38.9%) samples were HBV precore G1896A mutation.Twenty-six(48.1%) samples were BCP region 1762/1764 combined mutation.Thirteen(24.1%) stains were three sites mutated simultaneously.Stimulated with HBV core 18-27 in vitro,the specific CTL level was signifi- cantly higher in the patients with G1896A mutation and BCP region mutation [(0.41?0.09)%, (0.36?0.08)%,(0.48?0.08)%,respectively]than those without mutation[(0.11?0.06)%, P

Objective To report 6 cases of hydroa vacciniforme-like cutaneous lymphoma,and to inves- tigate the relationship between this disorder and Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection.Methods Pathological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed in the biopsy specimens obtained from all 6 patients. Skin lesions were subjected to EBV encoded RNA(EBER)detection by in situ hybridization.Serological assay and quantification of EBV DNA were performed.Results All the 6 patients had recurrent papules, papulovesicles,necrosis and variola-like scar with chronic intermittent fever;four of the patients also presented with edema of the face,hands and feet.Pathologically,there were multilocular vesicles in the epidermis,and large numbers of infiltrating lymphocytes through the dermis.The cells were atypical with mitotic figures. Immunohistochemical staining of the lesions of 4 patients showed large quantities of cells expressing CD56, scattered cells expressing CD3 and CD45RO,and cells expressing grazyme B and T cell intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1);a diagnosis of hydroa vacciniforme-like cutaneous NK/T lymphoma was made in these 4 cases. In the lesions of another 2 patients,the cells expressing CD3 and CD45RO,but not CD56,were observed; the diagnosis of hydroa vacciniforme-like cutaneous T-cell lymphoma was made in them.EBER was detected in the tumor cells of all the 6 patients.The IgG titers of anti-Epstein-Barr viral capsid antigen increased in all patients(1:5120 in 2 cases,1:2560 in 2 cases,1:1280 in 2 cases).The copies of EBV DNA were increased in the peripheral blood of both the two detected cases.A chronic active EBV infection was confirmed in all patients.Conclusions Hydroa vacciniforme-like cutaneous lymphoma is clinically characterized by edema of face,hands and feet,vesicular eruptions and variola like scars;histologically,it is characterized by infiltrates of atypical cells consistent with lymphoma,and necrosis in the center of vessels.NK/T is the primary immunophenotype of this disease.There is a close association between chronic active EBV infection and hydroa vacciniforme-like cutaneous lymphoma.

It is first time to use dextren T-40 oxidative method to conjugate anti-gastric cancer mono-colonal antibody(McAb)with anti-tumor medicines of daunorubicin(DNR)and methotrexate(MTX)together.Cytotoxicity of conjugates was measured by MTT method and ~3H-TdR incor-poration method respectively.Both sensitivity is similar.The results have showed that this conju-gate exhibited selective cytotoxicity on human gastric cancer cells in vitro.

Abnormalities, Multiple ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Twins, Conjoined ; pathology ; surgery

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Adrenalectomy ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglioneuroblastoma ; pathology ; Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary ; Hodgkin Disease ; pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia ; pathology ; Male

Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive ; pathology ; Orbital Neoplasms ; pathology